Hughes syndrome (the antiphospholipid syndrome): 25 years old

Modern Rheumatology

Volumn 18, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 119-124

  Edwards, C J ^a   Hughes, G R V ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL SOUTHAMPTON NHS FOUNDATION TRUST   (United Kingdom)

^b LONDON BRIDGE HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Antiphospholipid syndrome; Hughes syndrome; Miscarriage; Thrombosis

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ANTICOAGULANT AGENT; AZATHIOPRINE; CLOPIDOGREL; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; HEPARIN; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENT; LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT HEPARIN; PHOSPHOLIPID ANTIBODY; RITUXIMAB; WARFARIN;

ADRENAL GLAND; AMNESIA; ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROME; ARTERY THROMBOSIS; AVASCULAR NECROSIS; BALANCE DISORDER; BRAIN; CLINICAL FEATURE; CLINICAL TRIAL; DRUG DOSE REGIMEN; EPILEPSY; GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT; HEADACHE; HUMAN; KIDNEY ARTERY STENOSIS; LABORATORY TEST; LIVER DISEASE; LOW DRUG DOSE; MENIERE DISEASE; MIGRAINE; MOTOR DYSFUNCTION; MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PUBLICATION; PULMONARY HYPERTENSION; REVIEW; SPONTANEOUS ABORTION; STROKE; SYMPOSIUM; THROMBOCYTOPENIA; TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK; VEIN THROMBOSIS; VERTIGO; VISUAL IMPAIRMENT; WORKSHOP;

ABORTION, SPONTANEOUS; ADULT; ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROME; FEMALE; HISTORY, 20TH CENTURY; HISTORY, 21ST CENTURY; HUMANS; PREGNANCY; STROKE;

EID: 41849101372     PISSN: 14397595     EISSN: 14397609     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10165-008-0042-3     Document Type: Review

References (40)

1. Hughes GR. Thrombosis, abortion, cerebral disease, and the lupus anticoagulant. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1983;287(6399):1088-9.
2. Harris EN, Gharavi AE, Patel SP, Hughes GR. Evaluation of the anti-cardiolipin antibody test: Report of an international workshop held 4 April 1986. Clin Exp Immunol. 1987;68(1):215-22.
3. Bertolaccini ML, Gomez S, Pareja JF, Theodoridou A, Sanna G, Hughes GR, et al. Antiphospholipid antibody tests: Spreading the net. Ann Rheum Dis. 2005;64(11):1639-43.
4. Mackworth-Young CG. Antiphospholipid syndrome: Multiple mechanisms. Clin Exp Immunol. 2004;136(3):393-401.
5. Wilson WA, Cucurull E. Ethnic and geographic variation in antiphospholipid syndrome. In: Khamashta M (editor) Hughes syndrome: antiphospholipid syndrome. 2nd ed. Springer; 2006.
6. Edwards CJ, Lian TY, Badsha H, Teh CL, Arden N, Chng HH. Hospitalization of individuals with systemic lupus erythematosus: Characteristics and predictors of outcome. Lupus. 2003;12(9):672-6.
7. Wilson WA, Gharavi AE, Koike T, Lockshin MD, Branch DW, Piette JC, et al. International consensus statement on preliminary classification criteria for definite antiphospholipid syndrome: Report of an international workshop. Arthritis Rheum. 1999;42(7):1309-11.
8. Miyakis S, Lockshin MD, Atsumi T, Branch DW, Brey RL, Cervera R, et al. International consensus statement on an update of the classification criteria for definite antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). J Thromb Haemost. 2006;4(2):295-306.
9. Montalban J, Rio J, Khamastha M, Davalos A, Codina M, Swana GT, et al. Value of immunologic testing in stroke patients. A prospective multicenter study. Stroke. 1994;25(12):2412-5.
10. Nencini P, Baruffi MC, Abbate R, Massai G, Amaducci L, Inzitari D. Lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin antibodies in young adults with cerebral ischemia. Stroke. 1992;23(2):189-93.
11. Levine SR, Brey RL, Tilley BC, Thompson JL, Sacco RL, Sciacca RR, et al. Antiphospholipid antibodies and subsequent thrombo-occlusive events in patients with ischemic stroke. JAMA. 2004;291(5):576-84.
12. Hughes GR. Migraine, memory loss, and "multiple sclerosis". Neurological features of the antiphospholipid (Hughes's) syndrome. Postgrad Med J. 2003;79(928):81-3.
13. Mackworth-Young CG, Hughes GR. Epilepsy: An early symptom of systemic lupus erythematosus. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1985;48(2):185.
14. Cimaz R, Meroni PL, Shoenfeld Y. Epilepsy as part of systemic lupus erythematosus and systemic antiphospholipid syndrome (Hughes syndrome). Lupus. 2006;15(4):191-7.
15. Lampropoulos CE, Koutroumanidis M, Reynolds PP, Manidakis I, Hughes GR, D'Cruz DP. Electroencephalography in the assessment of neuropsychiatric manifestations in antiphospholipid syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum. 2005;52(3):841-6.
16. Asherson RA, Cervera R, Piette JC, Font J, Lie JT, Burcoglu A, et al. Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome. Clinical and laboratory features of 50 patients. Medicine (Baltimore). 1998;77(3):195-207.
17. Font J, Cervera R. Cardiac manifestations of the antiphospholipid syndrome. In: Khamashta M (editorA) Hughes syndrome: antiphospholipid syndrome. 1st ed. London: Springer; 2000.
18. Williams EL, Endean AL, Edwards CJ. Myocardial infarction in a young man with antiphospholipid syndrome and cocaine use. Lupus. 2007;16(6):444-6.
19. Nair S, Khamashta MA, Hughes GR. Syndrome X and Hughes syndrome. Lupus. 2002;11(5):332.
20. Christodoulou C, Zain M, Bertolaccini ML, Sangle S, Khamashta MA, Hughes GR, et al. Prevalence of an abnormal ankle-brachial index in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome with pregnancy loss but without thrombosis: A controlled study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2006;65(5):683-4.
21. Doria A, Shoenfeld Y, Wu R, Gambari PF, Puato M, Ghirardello A, et al. Risk factors for subclinical atherosclerosis in a prospective cohort of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis. 2003;62(11):1071-7.
22. Sangle S, D'Cruz D, Khamashta M, Tungekar MF, Abbs I, Hughes G. Goldblatt's kidney, Hughes syndrome and hypertension. Lupus. 2002;11(11):699-703.
23. Asherson RA, Hughes GR. Addison's disease and primary antiphospholipid syndrome. Lancet. 1989;2(8667):874.
24. Sangle S, Jan W, Lau I, Bennett A, Rankin SC, Hughes GR. Coeliac artery stenosis in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome/antiphospholipid antibodies. Arthritis Rheum. 2005;52:S569.
25. Mangia A, Margaglione M, Cascavilla I, Gentile R, Cappucci G, Facciorusso D, et al. Anticardiolipin antibodies in patients with liver disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 1999;94(10):2983-7.
26. Toubi E. The ear and antiphospholipid syndrome. In: Khamashta M (editors) Hughes syndrome: Antiphospholipid syndrome. 1st ed. London: Springer; 2000.
27. Asherson RA, Mackworth-Young CG, Boey ML, Hull RG, Saunders A, Gharavi AE, et al. Pulmonary hypertension in systemic lupus erythematosus. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1983;287(6398):1024-5.
28. Bizzaro N, Brandalise M. EDTA-dependent pseudothrombocytopenia. Association with antiplatelet and antiphospholipid antibodies. Am J Clin Pathol. 1995;103(1):103-7.
29. Macchi L, Rispal P, Clofent-Sanchez G, Pellegrin JL, Nurden P, Leng B, et al. Anti-platelet antibodies in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and the antiphospholipid syndrome: Their relationship with the observed thrombocytopneia. Br J Haematol. 1997;98(2):336-41.
30. Montecucco C, Caporali R. Haemocytopaenias in antiphospholipid syndrome. In: Khamashta M (editor). Hughes Ayndrome: antiphospholipid syndrome. 2nd ed. London: Springer; 2007.
31. Moore J, Ma DD, Concannon A. Non-malignant bone marrow necrosis: A report of two cases. Pathology. 1998;30(3):318-20.
32. Vasoo S, Sangle S, Zain M, D'Cruz D, Hughes G. Orthopaedic manifestations of the antiphospholipid (Hughes) syndrome. Lupus. 2005;14(5):339-45.
33. Sangle S, D'Cruz DP, Khamashta MA, Hughes GR. Antiphospholipid antibodies, systemic lupus erythematosus, and non-traumatic metatarsal fractures. Ann Rheum Dis. 2004;63(10):1241-3.
34. Williams FM, Chinn S, Hughes GR, Leach RM. Critical illness in systemic lupus erythematosus and the antiphospholipid syndrome. Ann Rheum Dis. 2002;61(5):414-21.
35. Asherson RA, Cervera R, de Groot PG, Erkan D, Boffa MC, Piette JC, et al. Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome: International consensus statement on classification criteria and treatment guidelines. Lupus. 2003;12(7):530-4.
36. Derksen RH, Khamashta MA, Branch DW. Management of the obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome. Arthritis Rheum. 2004;50(4):1028-39.
37. Letellier E, Hughes GR. "Listen to the patient"-anticoagulation is critical in the antiphospholipid (Hughes's) syndrome. J Rheumatol. 2003;30(4):897.
38. Veneri D, Ambrosetti A, Franchini M, Mosna F, Poli G, Pizzolo G. Remission of severe antiphospholipid syndrome associated with non-Hodgkin's B-cell lymphoma after combined treatment with rituximab and chemotherapy. Haematologica. 2005;90(Suppl):ECR37.
39. Rubenstein E, Arkfeld DG, Metyas S, Shinada S, Ehresmann S, Liebman HA. Rituximab treatment for resistant antiphospholipid syndrome. J Rheumatol. 2006;33(2):355-7.
40. Sherer Y, Shoenfeld Y. Intravenous immunoglobulin for immunomodulation of systemic lupus erythematosus. Autoimmun Rev. 2006;5(2):153-5.