Effects of local disturbance of tropical forests on frugivores and seed removal of a small-seeded afrotropical tree

Conservation Biology

Volumn 22, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 318-328

  Kirika, Jasper Mbae ^a,b   Farwig, Nina ^a,b   Böhning Gaese, Katrin ^a,b  

^a INSTITUTE OF PRIMATE RESEARCH   (Kenya)

^b JOHANNES GUTENBERG UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

Author keywords

Biodiversity; Birds; Celtis durandii; East Africa; Ecosystem function; Primates; Redundancy; Tropical rainforest

Indexed keywords

ANGIOSPERM; BIODIVERSITY; BIRD; COMMUNITY COMPOSITION; ECOSYSTEM FUNCTION; FRUGIVORY; FRUIT; POPULATION DENSITY; PRIMATE; RAINFOREST; SEED DISPERSAL; SPECIES RICHNESS; TREE; TROPICAL FOREST;

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ANIMAL; ARTICLE; BIRD; COMPARATIVE STUDY; ECOSYSTEM; FEEDING BEHAVIOR; FRUIT; GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND AGING; KENYA; PHYSIOLOGY; PRIMATE; TREE; TROPIC CLIMATE; UGANDA; ULMACEAE;

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ANIMALS; BIRDS; ECOSYSTEM; FEEDING BEHAVIOR; FRUIT; KENYA; PRIMATES; TREES; TROPICAL CLIMATE; UGANDA; ULMACEAE;

AFRICA; EAST AFRICA; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA;

AVES; CELTIS DURANDII; PRIMATES;

EID: 41849092274     PISSN: 08888892     EISSN: 15231739     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2007.00874.x     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Alcántara, J. M., P. J. Rey, F. Valera, A. M. Sánchez- Lafuente, and J. E. Gutiérrez. 1997. Habitat alteration and plant intra-specific competition for seed dispersers. An example with Olea europaea var. sylvestris. Oikos 79 : 291 300.
2. Alcántara, J. M., P. J. Rey, F. Valera, and A. M. Sánchez-Lafuente. 2000. Factors shaping the seedfall pattern of a bird-dispersed plant. Ecology 81 : 1937 1950.
3. Babweteera, F., P. Savill, and N. Brown. 2000. Balanites wilsoniana: regeneration with and without elephants. Biological Conservation 137 : 40 47.
4. Bennun, L. A, C. Dranzoa, and D. Pomeroy. 1996. Forest birds of Kenya and Uganda. Journal of East African Natural History 85 : 23 48.
5. Bibby, C. J., N. D. Burgess, and D. A. Hill. 1992. Bird census techniques. Academic Press, London.
6. Bleher, B., and K. Böhning-Gaese. 2001. Consequences of frugivore diversity for seed dispersal, seedling establishment and the spatial pattern of seedlings and trees. Oecologia 129 : 385 394.
7. Bleher, B., D. Uster, and T. Bergsdorf. 2006. Assessment of the threat status and management effectiveness in Kakamega Forest, Kenya. Biodiversity and Conservation 15 : 1159 1177.
8. Brotons, L., M. Mønkkønen, and J. L. Martin. 2003. Are fragments islands? Landscape context and density-area relationships in boreal forest birds. The American Naturalist 162 : 343 357.
9. Chapman, C. A., M. J. Lawes, and H. A. C. Eeley. 2006. What hope for African primate diversity? African Journal of Ecology 44 : 116 133.
10. Chapman, C. A., S. R. Balcomb, T. R. Gillespie, J. P. Skorupa, and T. T. Struhsaker. 2000. Long-term effects of logging on African primate communities: a 28-year comparison from Kibale National Park, Uganda. Conservation Biology 14 : 207 217.
11. Da Silva, J. M. C., and M. Tabarelli. 2000. Tree species impoverishment and the future flora of the Atlantic forest of northeast Brazil. Nature 404 : 72 74.
12. Farwig, N., K. Böhning-Gaese, and B. Bleher. 2006. Enhanced seed dispersal of Prunus africana in fragmented and disturbed forests? Oecologia 147 : 238 252.
13. Forget, P. M., and P. A. Jansen. 2007. Hunting increases dispersal limitation in the tree Carapa procera, a non timber forest product. Conservation Biology 21 : 106 113.
14. Gray, M. A., S. L. Baldlauf, P. J. Mayhew, and K. J. Hill. 2006. Response of avian feeding guilds to tropical forest disturbance. Conservation Biology 21 : 133 141.
15. Harcourt, A. H. 2006. Rarity in the tropics: biogeography and macroecology of the primates. Journal of Biogeography 33 : 2077 2087.
16. Haugaasen, T., and C. A. Peres. 2005. Primate assemblage structure in Amazonian flooded and unflooded forests. American Journal of Primatology 67 : 243 258.
17. Hill, J. K., and K. C. Hamer. 2004. Determining impacts of habitat modification on diversity of tropical forest fauna: the importance of spatial scale. Journal of Applied Ecology 41 : 744 754.
18. Howard, P. C. 1991. Nature conservation in Uganda's tropical forest reserves. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.
19. Howe, H. F., and J. Smallwood. 1982. Ecology of seed dispersal. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 13 : 201 228.
20. JMP. 2001. JMP statistics and graphic guide. Version 4.0. SAS Institute, Cary, North Carolina.
21. Kingdon, J. 1997. The Kingdon field guide to African mammals. Academic Press, London.
22. Kirika, J. M., B. Bleher, K. Böhning-Gaese, R. M. Chira, and N. Farwig. 2008. Fragmentation and local disturbance of forests reduce frugivore diversity and fruit removal in Ficus thonningii. Basic and Applied Ecology : in press.
23. Kissling, W. D., C. Rahbek, and K. Böhning-Gaese. 2007. Food plant diversity as broad-scale determinant of avian frugivore richness. Proceedings of the Royal Society London B 274 : 799 808.
24. Laurance, W. F. 2007. Have we overstated the tropical biodiversity crisis? Trends in Ecology & Evolution 22 : 65 70.
25. Lewis, S. L. 2006. Tropical forests and the changing earth system. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society London B 361 : 195 210.
26. Loisselle, B. A., and J. G. Blake. 1991. Temporal variation in birds and fruits along an elevational gradient in Costa Rica. Ecology 72 : 180 193.
27. Lung, T., and G. Schaab. 2006. Assessing fragmentation and disturbance of west Kenyan rainforests by means of remotely sensed time series data and landscape metrics. African Journal of Ecology 44 : 491 506.
28. Makana, J. R, and J. C. Thomas. 2004. Dispersal limits natural recruitment of African mahoganies. Oikos 106 : 67 72.
29. Mayaux, P., P. Holmgren, F. Achard, H. Eva, H. J. Stibig, and A. Banthomme. 2005. Tropical forest cover change in the 1990s and options for future monitoring. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society London B 360 : 373 384.
30. Mitchell C. E., M. G. Turner, and S. M. Pearson. 2002. Effects of historical land use and forest patch size on myrmechocores and ant communities in the southern Appalachian Highlands (USA). Ecological Applications 12 : 1364 1377.
31. Mitchell, N. 2004. The exploitation and disturbance history of Kakamega Forest, western Kenya. Pages 8 77 in B. Bleher, and H. Dalitz, editors. BIOTA report 1. Bielefelder Ökologische Beiträge, Bielefeld, Germany.
32. National Research Council. 1981. Techniques for the study of primate population ecology. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C.
33. Peres, C. A., J. Barlow, and F. W. Laurance. 2006. Detecting anthropogenic disturbance in tropical forests. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 21 : 227 229.
34. Peres, C. A., and H. S. Nascimento. 2006. Impact of game hunting by the Kayapò of south-eastern Amazonia: implications for wildlife conservation in tropical forest indigenous reserves. Biodiversity and Conservation 15 : 2627 2653.
35. Plumptre, A. J. 1996. Changes since sixty years of selective timber harvesting in Budongo forest reserve, Uganda. Forest Ecology and Management 89 : 101 113.
36. Raman, T. R. S. 2001. Effect of slash-and-burn shifting cultivation on rainforest birds in Mizoram, north east India. Conservation Biology 15 : 685 698.
37. Sodhi, N. S., L. H. Liow, and F. A. Bazzaz. 2004. Avian extinctions from tropical and subtropical forests. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 35 : 323 345.
38. Stevenson, T., and J. Fanshawe. 2002. Field guide to the birds of East Africa. T. and A.D Poyser, London.
39. Turner, I. M. 1996. Species loss in fragments of tropical rain forest: a review of the evidence. Journal of Applied Ecology 33 : 200 209.
40. Wenny, D. G., and D. J. Levey. 1998. Directed seed dispersal by bellbirds in a tropical cloud forest. Proceedings of the Natural Academy of Sciences USA. 95 : 6204 6207.
41. Woltmann, S. 2003. Bird community responses to disturbance in a forestry concession in lowland Bolivia. Biodiversity and Conservation 12 : 1921 1936.
42. Wrangham, R. W., C. A. Chapman, and L. J. Chapman. 1994. Seed dispersal by forest chimpanzees in Uganda. Journal of Tropical Ecology 10 : 355 368.
43. Wright S. J., and H. C. Muller-Landau. 2006. The future of tropical forest species. Biotropica. 38 : 287 301.