Timing of Antibiotics for Acute, Severe Infections

Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America

Volumn 26, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 245-257

  Pines, Jesse M ^a,b,c  

^a HOSPITAL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIBIOTIC AGENT;

ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY; CEREBROSPINAL FLUID ANALYSIS; CLINICAL PRACTICE; CRITICALLY ILL PATIENT; DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING; DIAGNOSTIC TEST; DISEASE SEVERITY; DRUG MISUSE; DRUG USE; EMERGENCY WARD; EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE; HEALTH CARE POLICY; HUMAN; INFECTION; MEDICAL DECISION MAKING; MENINGITIS; PNEUMONIA; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUALITY CONTROL; REVIEW; RISK BENEFIT ANALYSIS; SEPTIC SHOCK; SURVIVAL RATE; THERAPY DELAY;

EID: 41749121215     PISSN: 07338627     EISSN: 07338627     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.emc.2008.01.004     Document Type: Review

References (58)

1. Middleton K., Hing E., and Xu J. National hospital ambulatory medical care survey: 2005 outpatient department summary. Adv Data 389 (2007) 1-34
2. Dellinger R.P., Carlet J.M., Masur H., et al. Surviving sepsis campaign guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock. Crit Care Med 32 (2004) 858-873
3. The Joint Commission for the Accreditation of Hospitals and Organization Specification Manual. Available at: http://www.jointcommission.org/PerformanceMeasurement/PerformanceMeasurement/Current+NHQM+Manual.htm. Accessed October 22, 2007.
4. Pines J.M. Measuring antibiotic timing for pneumonia in the emergency department: another nail in the coffin. Ann Emerg Med 49 (2007) 561-563
5. Pines J.M. Profiles in patient safety: antibiotic timing in pneumonia and pay for performance. Acad Emerg Med 13 (2006) 787-790
6. Seymann G.B. Community-acquired pneumonia: defining quality care. J Hosp Med 1 (2006) 344-353
7. Pines J.M., Hollander J.E., Lee H., et al. Emergency department operational changes in response to pay for performance and antibiotic timing in pneumonia. Acad Emerg Med 14 (2007) 545-548
8. Deresinski S. Principles of antibiotic therapy in severe infections: optimizing the therapeutic approach by use of laboratory and clinical data. Clin Infect Dis 45 Suppl 3 (2007) S177-S183
9. Frimodt-Moller N., and Thomsen V.F. The pneumococcus and the mouse protection test: inoculum, dosage and timing. Acta Pathol Microbiol Immunol Scand [B] 94 (1986) 33-37
10. Knudsen J.D., Frimodt-Moller N., and Espersen F. Pharmacodynamics of penicillin are unaffected by bacterial growth phases of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the mouse peritonitis model. J Antimicrob Chemother 41 (1998) 451-459
11. Greisman S.E., DuBuy J.B., and Woodward C.L. Experimental gram-negative bacterial sepsis: prevention of mortality not preventable by antibiotics alone. Infect Immun 25 (1979) 538-557
12. Kumar A., Haery C., Paladuga B., et al. The duration of hypotension before the initiation of antibiotic treatment is a critical determinant of survival in a murine model of Escherichia coli septic shock: association with serum lactate and inflammatory cytokine levels. J Infect Dis 193 (2006) 251-258
13. Wiggers C.J. The present status of the shock problem. Physiol Rev 22 (1942) 74-123
14. Metlay J.P., Schulz R., Li Y.H., et al. Influence of age on symptoms at presentation in patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Arch Intern Med 157 (1997) 1453-1459
15. van de Beek D., de Gans J., and Tunkel A.R. Community-acquired bacterial meningitis in adults. N Engl J Med 354 (2006) 44-53
16. Talan D.A., and Zibulewsky J. Relationship of clinical presentation to time to antibiotics for the emergency department management of suspected bacterial meningitis. Ann Emerg Med 22 (1993) 1733-1738
17. Lebel M.H. Adverse outcome of bacterial meningitis due to delayed sterilization of cerebrospinal fluid. Antibiot Chemother 45 (1992) 226-238
18. Miner J.R., Heegaard W., Mapes A., et al. Presentation, time to antibiotics, and mortality of patients with bacterial meningitis at an urban county medical center. J Emerg Med 21 (2001) 387-392
19. Proulx N., Frechette D., Toye B., et al. Delays in the administration of antibiotics are associated with mortality from adult acute bacterial meningitis. QJM 98 (2005) 291-298
20. Strang J.R., and Pugh E.J. MeningococcaI infections: reducing case fatality by giving penicillin before admission to hospital. Br Med J 305 (1992) 141-143
21. Cartwright K., Reilly S., White D., et al. Early treatment with parenteral penicillin in meningococcal disease. BMJ 305 (1992) 143-147
22. Meadow W.L., Lantos J., Tanz R.R., et al. Ought standard care be the standard of care? A study of the time to administration of antibiotics in children with meningitis. Am J Dis Child 147 (1993) 40-44
23. Hussein A.S., and Shafran S.D. Acute bacterial meningitis in adults. A 12-year review. Medicine 79 (2000) 360-368
24. Quagliarello V.J., and Scheld M.J. Treatment of bacterial meningitis. N Engl J Med 336 (1997) 708-716
25. Radetsky M. Duration of symptoms and outcome in bacterial meningitis: an analysis of causation and the implications of a delay in diagnosis. Pediatr Infect Dis J 11 (1992) 694-698
26. Lepur D., and Barsic B. Community-acquired bacterial meningitis in adults: antibiotic timing in disease course and outcome. Infection 35 (2007) 225-231
27. Rivers E., Nguyen B., Havstad S., et al. Early goal-directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock. N Engl J Med 345 (2001) 1368-1377
28. Trzeciak S., Dellinger R.P., Abate N.L., et al. Translating research to clinical practice: a 1-year experience with implementing early goal-directed therapy for septic shock in the emergency department. Chest 129 (2006) 225-232
29. Shapiro N.I., Howell M.D., Talmor D., et al. Implementation and outcomes of the Multiple Urgent Sepsis Therapies (MUST) protocol. Crit Care Med 34 (2006) 1025-1032
30. Nguyen H.B., Corbett S.W., Menes K., et al. Early goal-directed therapy, corticosteroid, and recombinant human activated protein c for the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock in the emergency department. Acad Emerg Med 13 (2006) 109-113
31. Kumar A., Roberts D., Wood K.E., et al. Duration of hypotension before initiation of effective antimicrobial therapy is the critical determinant of survival in human septic shock. Crit Care Med 34 (2006) 1589-1596
32. Larche J., Azoulay E., Fieux F., et al. Improved survival of critically ill cancer patients with septic shock. Intensive Care Med 29 (2003) 1688-1695
33. Dean N.C., Silver M.P., Bateman K.A., et al. Decreased mortality after implementation of a treatment guideline for community-acquired pneumonia. Am J Med 110 (2001) 451-457
34. Kahn K.L., Rogers W.H., Rubenstein L.V., et al. Measuring quality of care with explicit process criteria before and after implementation of the DRG-based prospective payment system. JAMA 264 (1990) 1969-1973
35. McGarvey R.N., and Harper J.J. Pneumonia mortality reduction and quality improvement in a community hospital. QRB Qual Rev Bull 19 (1993) 124-130
36. Rosenstein A.H., Brooks Hanel J., and Martin C. Timing is everything: impact of emergency department care on hospital length of stay. J Clin Outcomes Manag 7 (2000) 31-36
37. Battleman D.S., Callahan M., and Thaler H.T. Rapid antibiotic delivery and appropriate antibiotic selection reduce length of hospital stay of patients with community-acquired pneumonia: link between quality of care and resource utilization. Arch Intern Med 162 (2002) 682-688
38. Meehan T.P., Fine M.J., Krumholz H.M., et al. Quality of care, process, and outcomes in elderly patients with pneumonia. JAMA 278 (1997) 2080-2084
39. Houck P.M., Bratzler D.W., Nsa W., et al. Timing of antibiotic administration and outcomes for Medicare patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia. Arch Intern Med 164 (2004) 637-644
40. Dedier J., Singer D.E., Chang Y., et al. Processes of care, illness severity, and outcomes in the management of community-acquired pneumonia at academic hospitals. Arch Intern Med 161 (2001) 2099-2104
41. Silber S.H., Garrett C., Singh R., et al. Early administration of antibiotics does not shorten time to clinical stability in patients with moderate-to-severe community-acquired pneumonia. Chest 124 (2003) 1798-1804
42. Iregui M., Ward S., Sherman G., et al. Clinical importance of delays in the initiation of appropriate antibiotic treatment for ventilator-associated pneumonia. Chest 122 (2002) 262-268
43. Rello J., Gallego M., Mariscal D., et al. The value of routine microbial investigation in ventilator-associated pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 156 (1997) 196-200
44. Luna C.M., Vujacich P., Niederman M.S., et al. Impact of BAL data on the therapy and outcome of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Chest 111 (1997) 676-685
45. Alvarez-Lerma F. Modification of empiric antibiotic treatment in patients with pneumonia acquired in the intensive care unit. ICU-acquired pneumonia study group. Intensive Care Med 22 (1996) 387-394
46. Wilks D., and Lever A.M.L. Reasons for delay in administration of antibiotics to patients with meningitis and meningococcaemia. J Infect 32 (1996) 49-51
47. Waterer G.W., Kessler L.A., and Wunderink R.G. Delayed administration of antibiotics and atypical presentation in community-acquired pneumonia. Chest 130 (2006) 11-15
48. Pines J.M., Morton M.J., Datner E.M., et al. Systematic delays in antibiotic administration in the emergency department for adult patients admitted with pneumonia. Acad Emerg Med 13 (2006) 939-945
49. Pines J.M., Hollander J.E., Localio A.R., et al. The association between emergency department crowding and hospital performance on antibiotic timing for pneumonia and percutaneous intervention for myocardial infarction. Acad Emerg Med 13 (2006) 873-878
50. Pines J.M., Localio A.R., Hollander J.E., et al. The impact of emergency department crowding measures on time to antibiotics for patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Ann Emerg Med 50 (2007) 510-516
51. Fee C., Weber E.J., Maak C.A., et al. Effect of emergency department crowding on time to antibiotics in patients admitted with community-acquired pneumonia. Ann Emerg Med 50 (2007) 501-509
52. Houck P.M., and Bratzler D.W. Administration of first hospital antibiotics for community-acquired pneumonia: does timeliness affect outcomes?. Curr Opin Infect Dis 18 (2005) 151-156
53. Thompson D. The pneumonia controversy: hospitals grapple with 4-hour benchmark. Ann Emerg Med 47 (2006) 259-261
54. Mandell L.A., Wunderink R.G., Anzueto A., et al. Infectious Diseases Society of America/American Thoracic Society consensus guidelines on the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults. Clin Infect Dis 44 Suppl 2 (2007) S27-S72
55. Mitka M. JCAHO tweaks emergency departments' pneumonia treatment standards. JAMA 298 (2007) 1397-1398
56. Kelen G.D., and Rothman R.E. Community pneumonia practice standard mandates: can't see the forest for the trees. Acad Emerg Med 13 (2006) 986-988
57. Kanwar M., Brar N., Khatib R., et al. Misdiagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia and inappropriate utilization of antibiotics: side effects of the 4-h antibiotic administration rule. Chest 131 6 (2007) 1865-1869
58. Drake D.E., Cohen A., and Cohn J. National antibiotic hospital timing measures and antibiotic overuse. Qual Manag Health Care 16 (2007) 113-122