Amelioration of global warming by controlled enhancement of the albedo and longevity of low-level maritime clouds

Atmospheric Science Letters

Volumn 3, Issue 2-4, 2002, Pages 52-58

  Latham, John ^a,b  

^a NATIONAL CENTER FOR ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Albedo; CCN; Climate; Modification

Indexed keywords

ALBEDO; CLOUD CONDENSATION NUCLEUS; CLOUD DROPLET; GLOBAL WARMING; MARINE ATMOSPHERE;

EID: 4143124516     PISSN: 1530261X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1006/asle.2002.0048     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Ackerman A.S Toon O.B Hobbs P.V Dissipation of marine stratiform clouds and collapse of the marine boundary layer due to the depletion of cloud condensation nuclei by clouds Science 262 1993 226-229
2. Albrecht B.A Aerosols, cloud microphysics and fractional cloudiness Science 245 1989 1227-1230
3. Andreas E.L Edson J.B Monahan E.C Rouault M.P Smith S.D The spray contribution to net evaporation from the sea: a review of recent progress Boundary Layer. Met. 72 1995 3-52
4. Blanchard D.C The oceanic production rate of cloud nuclei J. Rech. Atmos. 4 1969 1-11
5. Blanchard D.C Woodcock A.U Bubble formation and modification in the sea and its meteorological significance Tellus 9 1957 145-147
6. Blyth A.M Latham J Airborne studies of the altitudinal variability of the microphysical structure of small, ice-free, Montanan cumulus clouds Q. J. R. Met. Soc. 116 1990 1405-1423
7. Charlson R.J Lovelock J.E Andreae M.O Warren S.G Oceanic phytoplankton, atmospheric sulphur, cloud albedo and climate Nature 326 1987 655-661
8. Cooper W.A Bruintjes R.T Mather G.K Calculations pertaining to hygroscopic seeding with flares J. Appl. Met. 36 1997 1449-1469
9. Day J.A Production of droplets and salt nuclei by the bursting of air-bubble films Q. J. R. Met. Soc. 90 1964 72-85
10. De Leeuw G Vertical profiles of giant particles close above the sea surface Tellus 38 1986 51-61
11. Exton H.J Latham J Park P.M Perry S.J Smith M.H Allan R.R The production and dispersal of marine aerosol Q. J. R. Met. Soc. 111 1985 817-837
12. Fairall C.W Davidson K.L Schacher G.E An analysis of the surface production of sea-salt aerosols Tellus 35 1983 31-39
13. Ghan S.J Guzman G Abdul-Razzak H Competition between sea salt and sulfate particles as cloud condensation nuclei J. Atmos. Sci. 55 1998 3340-3347
14. Illingworth A.J The formation of rain in convective clouds Nature 336 1988 754-756
15. Johnson D.B The role of giant and ultragiant aerosol particles in warm rain initiation J. Atmos. Sci. 39 1982 448-460
16. Latham J Control of global warming? Nature 347 1990 339-340
17. Latham J Smith M.H Effect on global warming of wind-dependent aerosol generation at the ocean surface Nature 347 1990 372-373
18. Moore D.J Mason B.J The concentration, size distribution and production rate of large salt nuclei over the oceans Q. J. R. Met. Soc. 80 1954 583-595
19. O'Dowd C.D Lowe J.A Smith M.H Coupling of sea-salt and sulphate interactions and its impact on cloud droplet concentration predictions Geophys. Res. Lett. 26 1999a 1311-1314
20. O'Dowd C.D Lowe J.A Smith M.H Observations and modelling of aerosol growth in marine stratocumulus Atmos. Env. 33 1999b 3053-3062
21. O'Dowd C.D Lowe J.A Smith M.H Kaye A.D The relative importance of non-sea-salt sulphate and sea-salt aerosol to the marine cloud condensation nuclei population: an improved multi-component aerosol-cloud droplet parametrization Q. J. R. Met. Soc. 125 1999c 1295-1313
22. Pattison M.J Belcher S.E Production rates of sea-spray droplets J. Geophys. Res. 104 1999 18, 397-18, 407
23. Penner J.E Andreae M Annegarn H Barrie L Feichter J Hegg D Jayaraman A Leaitch R Murphy D Nganga J Pitari G Aerosols, and their direct and indirect effects Houghton J.T Ding Y Griggs D.J Noguer M van der Linden P.J Dai X Maskell K Johnson C.A Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis 2001 Cambridge Univ. Press New York
24. Rosenfeld D Suppression of rain and snow by urban and industrial air pollution Science 287 2000 1793-1796
25. Rotstayn L.D Ryan B.F Penner J.E Precipitation changes in a GCM resulting from the indirect effects of anthropogenic aerosols Geophys. Res. Lett. 27 2000 3045-3048
26. Slingo A Sensitivity of the Earth's radiation budget to changes in low clouds Nature 343 1990 49-51
27. Smith M.H Park P.M Consterdine I.E Marine aerosol concentrations and estimated fluxes over the sea Q. J. R. Met. Soc. 119 1993 809-824
28. Stevens B Cotton W.R Feingold G Moeng C Large-eddy simulations of strongly precipitating, shallow, stratocumulus-topped boundary layers J. Atmos. Sci. 55 1998 3616-3638
29. Twomey S Influence of pollution on the short-wave albedo of clouds J. Atmos. Sci. 34 1977 1149-1152
30. Wigley T.M.L Possible climate change due to SO2-derived cloud condensation nuclei Nature 339 1989 365-367
31. Williams K.D Jones A Roberts D.L Senior C.A Woodage M.J The response of the climate system to the indirect effects of anthropogenic sulfate aerosol Clim. Dyn. 17 2001 845-856
32. Woodcock A.H Salt nuclei in maritime air as a function of altitude and wind force J. Meteorol. 10 1953 362-371