-
2
-
-
0003424617
-
-
Bethesda, Maryland: US Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute
-
National Cancer Institute. Risks associated with smoking cigarettes with low machine-measured yields of tar and nicotine. Bethesda, Maryland: US Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, 2001.
-
(2001)
Risks Associated with Smoking Cigarettes with Low Machine-measured Yields of Tar and Nicotine
-
-
-
3
-
-
0025307929
-
Investigations on the origin of tobacco-specific nitrosamines in mainstream smoke or cigarettes
-
Fischer S, Spiegelhalder B, Eisenbarth J, et al. Investigations on the origin of tobacco-specific nitrosamines in mainstream smoke or cigarettes. Carcinogenesis 1990;11:723-30.
-
(1990)
Carcinogenesis
, vol.11
, pp. 723-730
-
-
Fischer, S.1
Spiegelhalder, B.2
Eisenbarth, J.3
-
5
-
-
0000108012
-
The changing cigarette: Chemical studies and bioassays
-
Bethesda, Maryland: US Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute
-
Hoffmann D, Hoffmann I. The changing cigarette: chemical studies and bioassays. In: Risks Associated with smoking cigarettes with low machine-measured yields of tar and nicotine. Bethesda, Maryland: US Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, 2001:159-91.
-
(2001)
Risks Associated with Smoking Cigarettes with Low Machine-measured Yields of Tar and Nicotine
, pp. 159-191
-
-
Hoffmann, D.1
Hoffmann, I.2
-
6
-
-
0025935443
-
Tobacco-specific nitrosamines in commercial cigarettes: Possibilities for reducing exposure
-
Fischer S, Spiegelhalder B, Preussmann R. Tobacco-specific nitrosamines in commercial cigarettes: possibilities for reducing exposure. IARC Sci Publ 1991;105:489-92.
-
(1991)
IARC Sci Publ
, vol.105
, pp. 489-492
-
-
Fischer, S.1
Spiegelhalder, B.2
Preussmann, R.3
-
7
-
-
0026091473
-
N-nitroso compounds and tobacco-induced cancers in man
-
Hecht SS, Hoffmann D. N-nitroso compounds and tobacco-induced cancers in man. IARC Sci Publ 1991:54-61.
-
(1991)
IARC Sci Publ
, pp. 54-61
-
-
Hecht, S.S.1
Hoffmann, D.2
-
8
-
-
0033591845
-
Tobacco smoke carcinogens and lung cancer
-
Hecht SS. Tobacco smoke carcinogens and lung cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 1999;91:1194-210.
-
(1999)
J Natl Cancer Inst
, vol.91
, pp. 1194-1210
-
-
Hecht, S.S.1
-
9
-
-
0028177696
-
Tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines and Areca-derived N-nitrosamines: Chemistry, biochemistry, carcinogenicity, and relevance to humans
-
Hoffmann D, Brunnemann KD, Prokopczyk B, et al. Tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines and Areca-derived N-nitrosamines: chemistry, biochemistry, carcinogenicity, and relevance to humans. J Toxicol Environ Health 1994;41:1-52.
-
(1994)
J Toxicol Environ Health
, vol.41
, pp. 1-52
-
-
Hoffmann, D.1
Brunnemann, K.D.2
Prokopczyk, B.3
-
10
-
-
0033535375
-
DNA adduct formation from tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines
-
Hecht SS. DNA adduct formation from tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines. Mutat Res 1999;424:127-42.
-
(1999)
Mutat Res
, vol.424
, pp. 127-142
-
-
Hecht, S.S.1
-
11
-
-
7644230568
-
-
Tobacco Agriculture and Star. Star Scientific. 2003. http:// www.starscientific.com/frame_pages/agriculture_frame.htm. (Accessed 2 February 2003).
-
(2003)
Star Scientific
-
-
-
12
-
-
0034267760
-
Variation within global cigarette brands in tar, nicotine, and certain nitrosamines: Analytic study
-
Gray N, Zaridze D, Robertson C, et al. Variation within global cigarette brands in tar, nicotine, and certain nitrosamines: analytic study. Tobacco Control 2000;9:351.
-
(2000)
Tobacco Control
, vol.9
, pp. 351
-
-
Gray, N.1
Zaridze, D.2
Robertson, C.3
-
13
-
-
0033798047
-
The regulation of tobacco and tobacco smoke
-
Gray N, Boyle P. The regulation of tobacco and tobacco smoke. Ann Oncol 2000;11:909-14.
-
(2000)
Ann Oncol
, vol.11
, pp. 909-914
-
-
Gray, N.1
Boyle, P.2
-
14
-
-
0032486973
-
Tar concentrations in cigarettes and carcinogen content
-
Gray N, Boyle P, Zatonski W. Tar concentrations in cigarettes and carcinogen content. Lancet 1998;352:787-8.
-
(1998)
Lancet
, vol.352
, pp. 787-788
-
-
Gray, N.1
Boyle, P.2
Zatonski, W.3
-
15
-
-
0033581408
-
Regulation of carcinogens in cigarettes
-
Gray N, Zatonski W, Boyle P. Regulation of carcinogens in cigarettes. Lancet 1999;354:1036.
-
(1999)
Lancet
, vol.354
, pp. 1036
-
-
Gray, N.1
Zatonski, W.2
Boyle, P.3
-
16
-
-
0034267760
-
Variation within global cigarette brands in tar, nicotine, and certain nitrosamines: Analytic study
-
Gray N, Zaridze D, Robertson C, et al. Variation within global cigarette brands in tar, nicotine, and certain nitrosamines: analytic study. Tobacco Control 2000;9:351.
-
(2000)
Tobacco Control
, vol.9
, pp. 351
-
-
Gray, N.1
Zaridze, D.2
Robertson, C.3
-
17
-
-
0033798047
-
The regulation of tobacco and tobacco smoke
-
Gray N, Boyle P. The regulation of tobacco and tobacco smoke. Ann Oncol 2000;11:909-14.
-
(2000)
Ann Oncol
, vol.11
, pp. 909-914
-
-
Gray, N.1
Boyle, P.2
-
19
-
-
7644238822
-
Reynolds Tobacco will use flue-cured toabcco low in nitrosamines
-
2 December
-
PR Newswire. Reynolds Tobacco will use flue-cured toabcco low in nitrosamines. Action on Smoking and Health. 2 December 1999. http:// www.no-smoking.org/dec99/12-03-99-3.html. (Accessed 7 March 2003).
-
(1999)
Action on Smoking and Health
-
-
Newswire, P.R.1
-
20
-
-
7644240883
-
Back to the future. North Carolina tobacco growers deal with their latest challenge
-
The Dean, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences. University of North Carolina
-
Caldwell D. Back to the future. North Carolina tobacco growers deal with their latest challenge. The Dean, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences. Perspectives on Line, The magazine of the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 2001. University of North Carolina. http://www.cals.ncsu.edu/ agcomm/magazine/winter01/back.htm. (Accessed 7 March 2003).
-
(2001)
Perspectives on Line, The Magazine of the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences
-
-
Caldwell, D.1
-
21
-
-
7644231969
-
-
Moore JM. University of Georgia Extension Agronomist-Tobacco. 12-21-2000. University of Georgia
-
Moore JM. CCC announces changes in flue-cured tobacco curing-barn certification program. Moore JM. University of Georgia Extension Agronomist-Tobacco. 12-21-2000. University of Georgia. http:// www.no-smoking.org/dec99/12-03-99-3.html. (Accessed 7 March 2003).
-
CCC Announces Changes in Flue-cured Tobacco Curing-barn Certification Program
-
-
Moore, J.M.1
-
23
-
-
7644233657
-
-
Australian Department of Health and Ageing. http://www.health.gov.au/ pubhlth/strateg/drugs/tobacco/emis_data.htm. (Accessed 2 February 2003).
-
-
-
-
25
-
-
7644238245
-
-
Health Canada
-
Health Canada. Canadian Tobacco Reporting Regulations. Health Canada. http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hecs-sesc/tobacco/legislation/ prop_may_36c.html. (Accessed 22 July 2003).
-
Canadian Tobacco Reporting Regulations
-
-
-
26
-
-
0034684985
-
Doses of nicotine and lung carcinogens delivered to cigarette smokers
-
Djordjevic MV, Stellman SD, Zang E. Doses of nicotine and lung carcinogens delivered to cigarette smokers. J Natl Cancer Inst 2000;92:106-11.
-
(2000)
J Natl Cancer Inst
, vol.92
, pp. 106-111
-
-
Djordjevic, M.V.1
Stellman, S.D.2
Zang, E.3
-
27
-
-
0037351890
-
More on the regulation of tobacco smoke: How we got here and where next
-
Gray N, Kozlowski LT. More on the regulation of tobacco smoke: how we got here and where next. Ann Oncol 2003;14:353-7.
-
(2003)
Ann Oncol
, vol.14
, pp. 353-357
-
-
Gray, N.1
Kozlowski, L.T.2
-
28
-
-
0001955254
-
Cigarette filter ventilation is a defective design because of misleading taste, bigger puffs, and blocked vents
-
Kozlowski LT, O'Connor RJ. Cigarette filter ventilation is a defective design because of misleading taste, bigger puffs, and blocked vents. Tobacco Control 2002;11(suppl I):i40-50.
-
(2002)
Tobacco Control
, vol.11
, Issue.1 SUPPL.
-
-
Kozlowski, L.T.1
O'Connor, R.J.2
-
29
-
-
0034679230
-
Official cigarette tar tests are misleading: Use a two-stage, compensating test
-
Kozlowski LT, O'Connor RJ. Official cigarette tar tests are misleading: use a two-stage, compensating test. Lancet 2000;355:2159-61.
-
(2000)
Lancet
, vol.355
, pp. 2159-2161
-
-
Kozlowski, L.T.1
O'Connor, R.J.2
-
30
-
-
0019980237
-
Estimating the yield to smokers of tar, nicotine, and carbon monoxide from the 'lowest yield' ventilated filter-cigarettes
-
Kozlowski LT, Rickert WS, Pope MA, et al. Estimating the yield to smokers of tar, nicotine, and carbon monoxide from the 'lowest yield' ventilated filter-cigarettes. Br J Addict 1982;77:159-65.
-
(1982)
Br J Addict
, vol.77
, pp. 159-165
-
-
Kozlowski, L.T.1
Rickert, W.S.2
Pope, M.A.3
-
32
-
-
0038142365
-
Tobacco-specific nitrosamines in tobacco from U.S. brand and non-U.S. brand cigarettes
-
Ashley DL, Beeson MD, Johnson DR, et al. Tobacco-specific nitrosamines in tobacco from U.S. brand and non-U.S. brand cigarettes. Nicotine Tob Res 2003;5:323-31.
-
(2003)
Nicotine Tob Res
, vol.5
, pp. 323-331
-
-
Ashley, D.L.1
Beeson, M.D.2
Johnson, D.R.3
-
33
-
-
0034145798
-
Reflections on the saga of tar content: Why did we measure the wrong thing?
-
Gray N. Reflections on the saga of tar content: why did we measure the wrong thing? Tobacco Control 2000;9:90-4.
-
(2000)
Tobacco Control
, vol.9
, pp. 90-94
-
-
Gray, N.1
-
34
-
-
0036230793
-
Regulation of cigarette emissions
-
Gray N, Boyle P. Regulation of cigarette emissions. Ann Oncol 2002;13:19-21.
-
(2002)
Ann Oncol
, vol.13
, pp. 19-21
-
-
Gray, N.1
Boyle, P.2
|