Effect of rumen-degradable protein balance deficit on voluntary intake, microbial protein synthesis, and nitrogen metabolism in growing double-muscled Belgian Blue bulls fed corn silage-based diet

Journal of Animal Science

Volumn 86, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 680-690

  Valkeners, D ^a   Thewis A ^a   Van Laere, M ^a   Beckers, Y ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LIÈGE   (Belgium)

Author keywords

Bull; Nitrogen utilization; Rumen fermentation; Rumen degradable protein balance; Voluntary intake

Indexed keywords

NITROGEN; VOLATILE FATTY ACID;

ANIMAL; ANIMAL DISEASE; ANIMAL FOOD; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; ARTICLE; BACTERIUM; CATTLE; CHEMISTRY; DIET; DIGESTION; EATING; MAIZE; MALE; METABOLISM; METHODOLOGY; MICROBIOLOGY; PH; PHYSIOLOGY; PROTEIN INTAKE; PROTEIN SYNTHESIS; RUMINANT STOMACH; SILAGE;

ANIMAL FEED; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; ANIMAL NUTRITION PHYSIOLOGY; ANIMALS; BACTERIA; CATTLE; DIET; DIETARY PROTEINS; DIGESTION; EATING; FATTY ACIDS, VOLATILE; HYDROGEN-ION CONCENTRATION; MALE; NITROGEN; PROTEIN BIOSYNTHESIS; RUMEN; SILAGE; ZEA MAYS;

ANIMALIA; HORDEUM; ZEA MAYS;

EID: 40949100032     PISSN: 00218812     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2527/jas.2007-0258     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Al-Dehneh, A., J. T. Huber, R. Wanderley, C.B. Theurer, M. Pessarakli, and D. DeYoung. 1997. Incorporation of recycled urea N into ruminal bacteria flowing to the small intestine of dairy cows fed a high-grain or high-forage diet. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 68:327-338.
2. AOAC. 1990. Official Methods of Analysis. 15th ed. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem., Arlington, VA.
3. Bursting, C. F., T. Kristensen, L. Misciattelli, T. Hvelplund, and M. R. Weisbjerg. 2003. Reducing nitrogen surplus from dairy farms. Effects of feeding and management. Livest. Prod. Sci. 83:165-178.
4. Colin-Schoellen, O., S. Jurjanz, and F. Laurent. 2000. Metabolizable protein supply (PDIE) and restricted level of ruminally degradable nitrogen (PDIN) in total mixed rations: Effect on milk production and composition and on nitrogen utilization by dairy cows. Livest. Prod. Sci. 67:41-53.
5. CVB. 2000. Veevoedertabel. Centraal Veevoederbureau, Lelystad, the Netherlands.
6. Davidson, S., B. A. Hopkins, D. E. Diaz, S. M. Bolt, C. Brownie, V. Fellner, and L. W. Whitlow. 2003. Effects of amounts and degradability of dietary protein on lactation, nitrogen utilization, and excretion in early lactation Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 86:1681-1689.
7. de Boer, I. J. M., M. C. J. Smits, H. Mollenhorst, G. van Duinkerken, and G. J. Monteny. 2002. Prediction of ammonia emission from dairy barns using feed characteristics. Part I: Relation between feed characteristics and urinary urea concentration. J. Dairy Sci. 85:3382-3388.
8. De Campeneere, S., L. O. Fiems, and Ch. V. Boucqué. 2001. Energy and protein requirements of Belgian Blue double-muscled bulls. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 90:153-167.
9. Dijkstra, J., H. Boer, J. van Bruchem, M. Bruining, and S. Tamminga. 1993. Absorption of volatile fatty acids from the rumen of lactating dairy cows as influenced by volatile fatty acid concentration, pH and rumen liquid volume. Br. J. Nutr. 69:385-396.
10. Faisant, N., V. Planchot, F. Kozlowski, M. P. Pacouret, P. Colonna, and M. Champ. 1995. Resistant starch determination adapted to products containing high level of resistant starch. Sci. Aliments 15:83-89.
11. Fiems, L. O., B. G. Cottyn, Ch. V. Boucqué, D. F. Bogaerts, C. Van Eenaeme, and J. M. Vanacker. 1997. Effect of beef type, body weight and dietary protein content on voluntary feed intake, digestibility, blood and urine metabolites and nitrogen retention. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. (Berl.) 77:1-9.
12. Fiems, L. O., B. G. Cottyn, Ch. V. Boucqué, J. M. Vanacker, and S. De Campeneere. 1999a. Effect of different degraded protein balances (OEB) on the performance of beef bulls and on digestibility and rumen fermentation in sheep. Neth. J. Agric. Sci. 47:17-28.
13. Fiems, L. O., R. J. Moermans, Ch. V. Boucqué, B. G. Cottyn, and S. De Campeneere. 1999b. Voluntary feed intake in dual-purpose and double-muscled Belgian White-Blue bulls. Pages 21-25 in Regulation of Feed Intake. D. van der Heide, E. A. Huisman, E. Kanis, J. W. M. Osse, and M. W. A. Versiegen, ed. CABI Publ., Oxon, UK.
14. François, E., N. Thill, and A. Théwis. 1978. Méthode rapide de dosage de l'oxyde de chrome dans les aliments, les fèces et les contenus digestifs par titrage après oxydation nitroperchlorique. Ann. Zootech. 27:355-361.
15. Gustafsson, A. H., and D. L. Palmquist. 1993. Diurnal variation of rumen ammonia, serum urea and milk urea in dairy cows at high and low yields. J. Dairy Sci. 76:475-484.
16. Hristov, A. N., R. P. Etter, J. K. Ropp, and K. L. Grandeen. 2004. Effect of dietary crude protein level and degradability on ruminal fermentation and nitrogen utilization in lactating dairy cows. J. Anim. Sci. 82:3219-3229.
17. Hvelplund, T., and J. Madsen. 1990. A study of the quantitative nitrogen metabolism in the gastro-intestinal tract and the resultant new protein evaluation system for ruminants. The AAT-PBV system. Thesis. Institute of Animal Science, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Copenhagen, Denmark.
18. Ipharraguerre, I. R., J. H. Clark, and D. E. Freeman. 2005. Varying protein and starch in the diet of dairy cows. I. Effects on ruminal fermentation and intestinal supply of nutrients. J. Dairy Sci. 88:2537-2555.
19. Johnson, J. W., and R. L. Preston. 1995. Minimizing nitrogen waste by measuring plasma urea-N levels in steers fed different dietary crude protein levels. Texas Tech Univ. Tech. Rep. T 5-356:62-63.
20. Ketelaars, J. J. M. H., and B. J. Tolkamp. 1992. Towards a new theory of feed intake regulation in ruminants. 1. Causes of differences in voluntary feed intake: Critique of current views. Livest. Prod. Sci. 30:269-296.
21. Makkar, H. P. S., and K. Becker. 1999. Technical report: Purine quantification in digesta from ruminants by spectrometric and HPLC methods. J. Nutr. 81:107-112.
22. Marini, J. C., and M. E. Van Amburgh. 2003. Nitrogen metabolism and recycling in Holstein heifers. J. Anim. Sci. 81:545-552.
23. Milton, C. T., R. T. Brandt Jr., and E. C. Titgemeyer. 1997. Urea in dry-rolled corn diets: Finishing steer performance, nutrient digestion and microbial protein production. J. Anim. Sci. 75:1415-1424.
24. NRC. 2001. Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle. 7th rev. ed. Natl. Res. Counc., Washington, DC.
25. Obispo, N. E., and B. A. Dehority. 1999. Feasibility of using total purines as a marker for ruminal bacteria. J. Anim. Sci. 77:3084-3095.
26. Ørskov, E. R., and N. A. MacLeod. 1982. The determination of the minimal nitrogen excretion in steers and dairy cows and its physiological and practical implications. Br. J. Nutr. 47:625-636.
27. Ouellet, D. R., M. Demers, G. Zuur, G. E. Lobley, J. R. Seoane, J. V. Nolan, and H. Lapierre. 2002. Effect of dietary fiber on endogenous nitrogen flows in lactating dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 85:3013-3025.
28. Owens, F. N., and A. L. Goetsch. 1988. Ruminal fermentation. Pages 145-171 in The Ruminant Animal. Digestive Physiology and Nutrition. D. C. Church, ed. Waveland Press Inc., Prospect Heights, IL.
29. Peyraud, J. L., S. Le Liboux, and R. Vérité. 1997. Effet du niveau et de la nature de l'azote dégradable sur la digestion ruminale d'un régime à base d'ensilage de maïs chez la vache laitière. Reprod. Nutr. Dev. 37:313-328.
30. Poncet, C., and D. Rémond. 2002. Rumen digestion and intestinal nutrient flows in sheep consuming pea seeds: The effect of extrusion or chesnut tannin addition. Anim. Res. 51:201-216.
31. Rémond, D., F. Meschy, and R. Boivin. 1996. Metabolites, water and mineral exchanges across the rumen wall: Mechanisms and regulation. Ann. Zootech. 45:97-119.
32. Satter, L. D., T. J. Klopfenstein, and G. E. Erickson. 2002. The role of nutrition in reducing nutrient output from ruminants. J. Anim. Sci. 80(E. Suppl. 2):E143-E156.
33. Stewart, G. S., and C. P. Smith. 2005. Urea nitrogen salvage mechanisms and their relevance to ruminants, non-ruminants and man. Nutr. Res. Rev. 18:49-62.
34. Tamminga, S. 2003. Pollution due to nutrient losses and its control in European animal production. Livest. Prod. Sci. 84:101-111.
35. Tamminga, S., W. N. Van Straalen, A. P. J. Subnel, R. G. M. Meijer, A. Steg, C. J. G. Wener, and M. C. Block. 1994. The Dutch protein evaluation system: The DVE/OEB system. Livest. Prod. Sci. 40:139-155.
36. Valkeners, D. 2005. Influence de la désynchronisation des apports azotés et énergétiques dans le rumen sur la digestion et le métabolisme azoté du taurillon Blanc Bleu Belge culard. PhD Thesis. Faculté Universitaire des Sciences Agronomiques, Gembloux, Belgium.
37. Valkeners, D., A. Théwis, S. Amant, and Y. Beckers. 2006. Effect of various levels of imbalance between energy and nitrogen release in the rumen on microbial protein synthesis and nitrogen metabolism in growing double-muscled Belgian Blue bulls fed a corn silage-based diet. J. Anim. Sci. 84:877-885.
38. Van Es, A. J. H., and Y. Van der Honing. 1977. Het nieuwe energetische voederwaarderingssyteem voor herkauwers: Wijze van afleiding en uiteindelijk voorstel. Report IWO 92:1-48.
39. Van Soest, P. J., J. B. Robertson, and B. A. Lewis. 1991. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral-detergent fiber and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J. Dairy Sci. 74:3583-3597.
40. Van Vliet, J., J. J. Heeres-van der Toi, and M. C. Blok. 1994. Revision of energy and protein requirements for beef bulls (In Dutch). CVB-documentatierapport nr. 11. Centraal Veevoederbureau, Lelystad, the Netherlands.
41. Veenhuizen, J. J., A. D. McGilliard, and J. W. Young. 1984. Apparatus for total collection of urine from steers. J. Dairy Sci. 67:1865-1867.
42. Yu, P., D. A. Christensen, and J. J. McKinnon. 2003. Comparison of the NRC 2001 model with the Dutch System (DVE/OEB) in the prediction of nutrient supply to dairy cows from forages. J. Dairy Sci. 86:2178-2192.
43. Zinn, R. A., and F. N. Owens. 1986. A rapid procedure for purine measurement and its use for estimating net ruminal protein synthesis. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 66:157-166.