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Volumn 20, Issue 16, 2004, Pages 6770-6777

Capillary bridges in electric fields

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CHARGE COUPLED DEVICES; CONTACT ANGLE; ELECTRIC CHARGE; ELECTRODES; ELECTROSTATICS; FREE ENERGY; INDIUM COMPOUNDS; MORPHOLOGY; OSCILLATIONS; THRESHOLD VOLTAGE; TIN COMPOUNDS;

EID: 4043177080     PISSN: 07437463     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/la036058j     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (28)

References (33)
  • 2
    • 0035369682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Whitesides, G. M.; Stroock, A. D.Phys. Today 2001, 54, 42. Pfohl, T.; Mugele, F.; Seemann, R.; Herminghaus, S. ChemPhysChem 2003, 4, 1291.
    • (2001) Phys. Today , vol.54 , pp. 42
    • Whitesides, G.M.1    Stroock, A.D.2
  • 13
    • 4043096956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Teflon AF, Amorphous Fluoropolymer, DuPont, P.O. Box 80702, Wilmington, DE 19880-0702
    • Teflon AF, Amorphous Fluoropolymer, DuPont, P.O. Box 80702, Wilmington, DE 19880-0702.
  • 15
    • 4043089904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • LabView Graphical Programming for Instrumentation from National Instruments.
  • 18
    • 4043069923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • In fact, the snap on of the capillary bridge should occur at a slightly larger distance when the liquid surfaces become unstable due to their mutual van der Waals attraction. However, this critical distance is of the order of a few nanometers and is not resolved in the present experiments.
  • 20
    • 4043174850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • The prefactor for the normalization arises naturally from eq 1 (The additional factor 2 in the denominator is due to the presence of two insulating layers in series.) and represents the ratio of electrical forces over capillary forces.
  • 21
    • 4043170585 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • For 0.25 < U < 1, the contact angle upon rupture is well below 90° and the capillary bridge breaks symmetrically. For U < 0.25, θ is close to or even larger than 90°, In this case another instability mode dominates and the bridge ruptures asymmetrically, leaving a larger droplet on the bottom electrode. Apparently, this rupture mode or the competition between the two modes is affected by the electric field in a different way than the symmetric mode.
  • 23
    • 4043122558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • The applied voltage in this region is typically around 1 kV or beyond, which is well within the saturation regime of electrowetting. After the experiment, the contact angle at zero voltage is typically reduced below 90°, which is a clear indication of surface degradation.
  • 25
    • 4043169163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • 1/6.
  • 26
    • 0141973566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Additional field-induced effects are limited to a region of diameter δ around the contact line. For details, see: Buehrle, J.; Herminghaus, S.; Mugele, F. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2003, 91, 086101.
    • (2003) Phys. Rev. Lett. , vol.91 , pp. 086101
    • Buehrle, J.1    Herminghaus, S.2    Mugele, F.3
  • 29
    • 4043058658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • In the case of asymmetric rupture, we always found the larger droplet on the bottom electrode. This symmetry breaking was the clearest manifestation of gravity throughout the experiments. We also note that gravity increases the range of contact angles that is dominated by the asymmetric instability mode.
  • 31
    • 4043172021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • In the present experiments, we found that the pressure of the capillary bridges (as determined from the mean curvature) was always positive; that is, the bridges are unduloids. During spreading, the pressure increased roughly by a factor of 2.
  • 32
    • 4043119767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Note that the free energy is only one particular choice for the functional to be minimized.
  • 33
    • 4043174851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • We neglected the minor contribution due to the insulating layers.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.