Pituitary tumour clonality revisited

Frontiers of Hormone Research

Volumn 32, Issue , 2004, Pages 186-204

  Clayton, R N ^a   Farrell, W E ^a  

^a KEELE UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

MICROSATELLITE DNA;

CELL CLONE; GENE SILENCING; GENETICS; HETEROZYGOSITY LOSS; HUMAN; HYPERPLASIA; HYPOPHYSIS TUMOR; PATHOLOGY; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; REVIEW; SOUTHERN BLOTTING; X CHROMOSOME;

BLOTTING, SOUTHERN; CHROMOSOMES, HUMAN, X; CLONE CELLS; GENE SILENCING; HUMANS; HYPERPLASIA; LOSS OF HETEROZYGOSITY; MICROSATELLITE REPEATS; PITUITARY NEOPLASMS; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION;

EID: 4043073598     PISSN: 03013073     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1159/000079045     Document Type: Article

References (68)

1. Horrocks PM, Frank S, Hockley AD, Rolfe EB, Van Neorden S, London DR: An ACTH-secreting tumour arising in a patient with congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Clin Endocrinol 1982;17:457-468.
2. Katz MS, Gregerman RI, Horvath E, Kovacs K, Ezrin C: Thyrotroph cell adenoma of the human pituitary gland associated with primary hypothyroidism: Clinical and morphological features. Acta Endocrinol 1980;95:41-48.
3. Kovacs K, Horvath E, Rewcastle NB, Ezrin C: Gonadotroph cell adenoma of the pituitary in a woman with long-standing hypogonadism. Arch Gynaecol 1980;209:57-65.
4. Nicolis G, Shimshi M, Allen C, Halmi NS, Kourides IA: Gonadotropin-producing pituitary adenoma in a man with long-standing primary hypogonadisun. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1988;66:237-241.
5. Samaan NA, Stepanas AV, Danziger J, Trujillio J: Reactive pituitary abnormalities in patients with Kleinfelter's and Turner's syndromes. Arch Intern Med 1979;139:198-201.
6. Scheithauer BW, Kovacs K, Randell RV, Ryan N: Pituitary gland in hypothyroidism. Histologic and immunocytologic study. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1985;109:499-504.
7. Vidal S, Horvath E, Kovacs K, Cohen SM, Lloyd RV, Scheithauer BW: Transdifferentiation of somatotrophs to thyrotrophs in the pituitary of patients with protracted primary hypothyroidism. Virchows Arch 2000;436:43-51.
8. Asa SL, Kovacs K, Stefaneau L, Horvath E, Billestrup N, Gonzalez-Manchon C, Vale W: Pituitary adenomas in mice transgenic for growth hormone-releasing hormone. Endocrinology 1992;131:2083-2089.
9. Asa SL, Scheithauer BW, Bilbao JM, Horvath E, Ryan N, Kovacs K, Randall RV, Laws ER, Singer W, Linfoot JA, Thorner MO, Vale W: A case for hypothalamic acromegaly: A clinicopathological study of six patients with hypothalamic gangliocytomas producing GRF. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1984;58:796-803.
10. Bevan JS, Asa SL, Rossi ML, Esiri MM, Adams CB, Burke CW: Intrasellar gangliocytoma containing gastrin and growth hormone releasing hormone associated with a growth hormonesecreting pituitary adenoma. Clin Endocrinol 1989;30:213-224.
11. Asa SL, Kovacs K, Tindall GT, Barrow DL, Horrath E, Veesei P: Cushing's disease associated with an intrasellar gangliocytoma producing corticotrophin releasing factor. Ann Intern Med 1984;101:789-793.
12. Asa SL, Kelly MA, Grandy DK, Low MJ: Pituitary lactotroph adenomas develop after prolonged lactotroph hyperplasia in dopamine D2 receptor-deficient mice. Endocrinology 1999;140:5348-5355.
13. Levy A, Lightman SL: Local production of hypothalamic trophic peptides in human pituitary tumours. Clin Chem Enzymol Comm 1992;5:265-273
14. Schulte HM, Oldf ield EH, Allolio B, Katz DA, Berkman RA, Ali IU: Clonal composition of pituitary adenomas with Cushing's disease: Determination by X chromosome inactivation analysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1991;73:1302-1308.
15. Osman IA, James RA, Chatterjee S, Mathias D, Kendall-Taylor P: Factors determining the longterm outcome of surgery for acromegaly. Q J Med 1994;87:617-623.
16. Turner HE, Adams CB, Wass JAH: Trans-sphenoidal surgery for microprolactinomas: An acceptable alternative to dopanime agonists. Eur J Endocrinol 1999;140:43-47.
17. Weil RJ, Vortmeyer AO, Huang S, Boni R, Lubensky IA, Packs S, Marx SJ, Zhuang Z, Oldfield EH: 11q13 allelic loss in pituitary tumours in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 1. Clin Cancer Res 1998;7:1673-1678.
18. Farrell WE, Clayton RN: Molecular pathogenesis of pituitary tumours. Front Neuroendocrinol 2000;21:174-198.
19. Gadelha MR, Prezant TR, Une KN, Glick RP, Moskal SF, Vaisman M, Melmed S, Kineman RD, Frohman LA: Loss of heterozygosity on chromosome 11q13 in two families with acromegaly/gigantism is independent of mutations of the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 gene. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1999;84:249-256.
20. Yamada S, Yosimoto K, Sano T, Takada K, Itakura M, Usui M, Teramoto A: Inactivation of the tumour suppressor gene on 11q13 in brothers with familial acrogigantism without multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997;82:239-242.
21. Carney JA, Hruska LS, Beauchamp GD, Gordon H: Dominant inheritance of the complex of myxomas, spotty pigmentation and endocrine overactivity. Mayo Clin Proc 1986;61:165-172.
22. Kirschner LS, Carney JA, Pack SD, Taymans SE, Giatzakis C, Cho YS, Cho-Chung YS, Stratakis CA: Mutations of the gene encoding the protein kinase A type 1α regulatory subunit in patients with the Carney complex. Nat Genet 2000;26:89-92.
23. Billestrup N, Swanson LW, Vale W: Growth hormone releasing factor stimulates proliferation of somatotrophs in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1986;83:6854-6857.
24. Yamasaki H, Mizusawa N, Nagahiro S, Yamada S, Sano T, Itakura M, Yoshimoto K: GH-secreting pituitary adenomas infrequently contain inactivating mutations of PRKAR1A and LOH of 17q23-24.Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2003;58:464-470.
25. Pack SD, Kirschner LS, Pak E, Zhuang Z, Carney JA, Stratakis CA: Genetic and histologic studies of somatomammotrophic pituitary tumours in patients with the 'complex of spotty skin pigmentation, myxomas, endocrine overactivity and schwannomas' (Carney complex). J Clin Endocrinal Metab 2000;85:3860-3865.
26. Ray D, Melmed S: Pituitary cytokine and growth factor expression and action. Endocr Rev 1997;18:206-228.
27. Lyon MF: Evolution of X chromosome inactivation in mammals. Nature 1974;250:651-653.
28. Mutter Gl, Boynton KA: PCR bias in amplification of androgen receptor alleles, a trinucleotide repeat marker used in clonality studies. Nucleic Acids Res 1995;23:1411-1418.
29. Farrell WE, Simpson DJ, Bicknell JE, Talbot AJ, Bates AS, Clayton RN: Chromosome 9p deletions in invasive and non-invasive non-functional pituitary adenomas: The deleted region involves markers outside of the MTS1 and MTS2 genes. Cancer Res 1997;57:2703-2709.
30. Zhang L, Cui X, Schmitt K, Hubert R, Naridi W, Arnheim N: Whole genome amplification from a single cell: Implications for genetic analysis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1992;89:5847-5851.
31. Zitzelberger H, Kulkall, Lehmann L, Walch A, Smida J, Aubele M, Lorch T, Hofler H, Bauchinger M, Werner M: Genetic heterogeneity in a prostatic carcinoma and associated prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia as demonstrated by combined use of laser microdissection, degenerate oligonucleotide primed PCR and comparative genomic hybridisation. Virchows Arch 1998;433:297-304.32
32. Alexander JM, Biller BMK, Bikkal H, Zervas NT, Arnold A, Klibanski A: Clinically nonfunctional pituitary tumours are monoclonal in origin. J Clin Invest 1990;86:336-340.
33. Herman V, Fagin J, Gonsky R, Kovacs K, Melmed S: Clonal origin of pituitary adenomas. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1990;71:1427-1433.
34. Bates AS, Farrell WE, Bicknell EJ, McNicol AM, Talbot AJ, Broome JC, Perrett CW, Thakker RV, Clayton RN: Allelic deletion in pituitary adenomas reflects aggressive biological activity and has potential value as a prognostic marker. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997;82:818-824.
35. Boggild MD, Jenkinson S, Pistorello M, Boscaro M, Scanarini M, McTernan P, Perrett CW, Thakker RV, Clayton RN: Molecular genetic studies of sporadic pituitary tumours. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1994;78:387-392.
36. Clayton RN, Pfeifer M, Atkinson AB, Belchetz P, Wass JAH, Kyrodimou E, Vanderpump M, Simpson D, Bicknell J, Farrell WE: Different patterns of allelic loss (see of heterozygosity) in recurrent human pituitary tumours provides evidence for multiclonal origins. Clin Cancer Res 2000;6:3973-3982.
37. Thakker RV, Pook MA, Wooding C, Boscaro M, Scanarini M, Clayton RN: Association of somatotrophinomas with loss of alleles on chromosome 11 and with gsp mutations. J Clin Invest 1993;91:2815-2821.
38. Dahia PLM, Grossman AB: The molecular pathogenesis of corticotroph tumours. Endocr Rev 1999;20:136-155.
39. Levy A: Is monoclonality in pituitary adenomas synonymous with neoplasia? Clin Endocrinol 2000;52:393-397.
40. Gicquel C, Le Bouc Y, Luton JP, Girard F, Bertagna X: Monoclonality of corticotroph macroadenomas in Cushing's disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1992;75:472-475.
41. Biller BMK, Alexander JM, Zervas NT, Hedley-Whyte ET, Arnold A, Klibanksi A: Clonal origins of adenocorticotrophin-secreting pituitary tissue in Cushing's disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1992;75:1303-1309.
42. Asa SL: Tumours of the pituitary gland; Rosai J (ed): Atlas of Tumour Pathology, third series, fasc 22. Washington, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, 1998.
43. Murray CE, Gipaya CT, Bartosek T, Benditt EP, Schwartz SM: Monoclonality of smooth muscle cells in human atherosclerosis. Am J Pathol 1997;151:697-705.
44. Chung IM, Schwartz SM, Murry C: Clonal architecture of normal and atherosclerotic aorta: Implications for atherogenesis and vascular development. Am J Pathol 1998;152:913-923.
45. Tsai YC, Simoneau AR, Spruck CH, Nichols PW, Steven K, Buckley JD, Jones PA: Mosaicism in the human epithelium: Macroscopic monoclonal patches cover the urothelium. J Urol 1995;53:1697-1700.
46. Tiltman JA: Smooth muscle neoplasms of the uterus. Current Opin Obstet Gynecol 1997;9:48-51.
47. Aihara T, Noguchi S, Sasaki Y, Imaoka S: Does monoclonality mean malignancy. Hepatology 1996;24:1550.
48. Fearon ER, Vogelstein B: A genetic model for colorectal tumorigenesis. Cell 1990;61:759-767.
49. Tomlinson JW, Holden N, Hills R, Wheatley K, Clayton RN, Bates AS, Sheppard MC, Stewart PM: Premature mortality in 1,014 patients with hypopituitarism. Lancet 2001;357:425-431.
50. Boland CR, Sato J, Appelman HD, Bresalier RS, Feinberg AP: Microallelotyping defines the sequence and tempo of allelic losses at tumour suppressor gene loci during colorectal cancer progression. Nat Med 1995;9:902-909.
51. Lindforss U, Fredholm H, Papadegiannakis N, Gad A, Zetterquist H, Olivecrona H: Allelic loss is heterogeneous throughout the tumour in colorectal carcinoma. Cancer 2000;88:2661-2667.
52. Nagel S, Borisch B, Thein SL, Oestreicher M, Nothiger F, Biner S, Tobler A, Fey MF: Somatic mutations detected by mini- and microsatellite DNA markers reveal clonal intratumor heterogeneity in gastrointestinal cancers. Cancer Res 1995;55:2866-2870.
53. Aubele M, Mattis A, Zitzelsberger H, Walch A, Kremer A, Hutzler P, Hofler H, Werner M: Intratumoral heterogeneity in breast carcinoma revealed by laser microdissection and comparative genomic hybridisation. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1999;110:94-102.
54. Kopp P, Kimura ET, Aeschimann S, Oestreicher M, Tobler A, Fey MF, Studer H: Polyclonal and monoclonal thyroid nodules coexist within human multinodular goiters. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1994;79:134-139.
55. Namba H, Matsuo K, Fagin JA: Clonal composition of benign and malignant human thyroid tumours. J Clin Invest 1990;86:120-125.
56. Duprez L, Hermans J, Van Sande J, Dumont JE, Vassart G, Parma J: Two autonomous nodules of a patient with multinodular goiter harbor different activating mutations of the thyrotropin receptor gene. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997;82:306-308.
57. Arnold A, Staunton CE, Kim HG, Gaz RD, Kronenberg HM: Monoclonality and abnormal parathyroid hormone genes in parathyroid adenomas. N Engl J Med 1998;318:658-662.
58. Arnold A, Brown MF, Urena P, Gaz RD, Sarfati E, Drueke TB: Monoclonality of parathyroid tumours in chronic renal failure and in primary parathyroid hyperplasia. J Clin Invest 1995;95:2047-2053.
59. Ferraris AM, Mangerini R, Gaetani GF, Romei C, Pinchera A, Pacini F: Polyclonal origin of medullary carcinoma of the thyroid in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2. Hum Genet 1997;99:202-205.
60. Volante M, Papotti M, Roth J, Saremaslani P, Speel EJ, Lloyd RV, Carney JA, Heitz PU, Bussolati G, Komminoth P: Mixed medullary-follicular thyroid carcinoma. Molecular evidence for a dual origin of tumour components. Am J Pathol 1999;55:1499-1509.
61. Eng C, Mulligan LM, Healey CS, Houghton C, Frilling A, Rane F, Thomas GA, Ponder BAJ: Heterogeneous mutation of the RET proto-oncogene in subpopulations of medullary thyroid carcinoma. Cancer Res 1996;56:2167-2170.
62. Perren A, Roth J, Muletta-Feurer S, Saremaslani P, Speel EJ, Heitz PU, Komminoth P: Clonal analysis of sporadic pancreatic endocrine tumours. J Pathol 1998;186:363-371.
63. Goebel SU, Vortmeyer AO, Zhuang Z, Serrano J, Jensen RT, Lubensky IA: Identical clonality of sporadic gastrinomas at multiple sites. Cancer Res 2000;60:60-63.
64. Debelenko LV, Zhuang Z, Emmert-Buck MR, Chandrasetharappa SC, Manickam P, Guru SC, Marx SJ, Skaralis MC, Spiegel AM, Collins FS, Jensen RT, Liotta LA, Lubensky IA: Allelic deletions on chromosome 11q13 in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1-associated and sporadic gastrinomas and pancreatic endocrine tumours. Cancer Res 1997;57:2238-2243.
65. Guo Z, Ponten F, Wilander F, Ponten J: Clonality of precursors of cervical cancer and their genetical links to invasive cancer. Med Pathol 2000;13:606-613.
66. Hartmann A, Rosner U, Schlake G, Dietmaier W, Zaak D, Hofstaedter F, Knuechel R: Clonality and genetic divergence in multifocal low-grade superficial urothelial carcinoma as determined by chromosome 9 and p53 deletion analysis. Lab Invest 2000;80:709-718.
67. Louhelainen J, Wÿkstrom H, Hemminki K: Allelic losses demonstrate monoclonality of multifocal bladder tumours. Int J Cancer 2000;87:522-527.
68. Ruijter ET, Miller GJ, Van de Kaa CA, Van Bokhoven A, Bussemakers MJ, Debrwyne FM, Ruiter DJ, Schalken JA: Molecular analysis of multifocal prostate cancer lesions. J Pathol 1999;188:271-277.