'They cooperate with us, so they are like me': Perceived intergroup relationship moderates projection from self to outgroups

Group Processes and Intergroup Relations

Volumn 11, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 115-131

  Riketta, Michael ^a   Sacramento, Claudia A ^a  

^a ASTON UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Common ingroup identity; Intergroup conflict; Multilevel analysis; Social categorization; Social identification; Social projection

Indexed keywords

EID: 39149120858     PISSN: 13684302     EISSN: 14617188     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/1368430207084849     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Aiken, L.S., & West, S.G. (1991). Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
2. Alexander, M.G., Brewer, M.B., & Herrmann, R.K. (1999). Images and affect: A functional analysis of outgroup stereotypes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77, 78-93.
3. Ames, D.R. (2004a). Inside the mind reader's tool kit: Projection and stereotyping in mental state inference. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 87, 340-353.
4. Ames, D.R. (2004b). Strategies for social inference: A similarity contingency model of projection and stereotyping in attribute prevalence estimates. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 87, 573-585.
5. Baron, R.M., & Kenny, D.A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1173-1182.
6. Cadinu, M.R., & Rothbart, M. (1996). Self-anchoring and differentiation processes in the minimal group paradigm. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70, 661-677.
7. Clement, R.W., & Krueger, J. (2002). Social categorization moderates social projection. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 38, 219-233.
8. Gaertner, S.L., Dovidio, J.F., Anastasio, P.A., Bachman, B.A., & Rust, M.C. (1993). The common ingroup identity model: Recategorization and the reduction of intergroup bias. In W. Stroebe & M. Hewstone (Eds.), European review of social psychology (Vol. 4, pp. 1-26). London: Wiley.
9. Gramzow, R.H., Gaertner, L., & Sedikides, C. (2001). Memory for ingroup and outgroup information in a minimal group context. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80, 188-205.
10. Greenwald, A.G., Banaji, M.R., Rudman, L.A., Farnham, S.D., Nosek, B.A., & Mellott, D.S. (2002). A unified theory of implicit attitudes, stereotypes, self-esteem, and self-concept. Psychological Review, 109, 3-25.
11. Hager, W., & Hasselhorn, M. (Eds.) (1994). Handbuch deutschsprachiger Wortnormen [Handbook of German word norms]. Göttingen: Hogrefe.
12. Heider, F. (1958). The psychology of interpersonal relations. New York: Wiley.
13. Hewstone, M., Rubin, M., & Willis, H. (2002). Intergroup bias. Annual Review of Psychology, 53, 575-604.
14. Hofmann, D.A., & Gavin, M.B. (1998). Centering decisions in hierarchical linear models: Implications for research in organizations. Journal of Management, 24, 623-641.
15. Jones, P.E. (2004). False consensus in social context: Differential projection and perceived social distance. British Journal of Social Psychology, 43, 417-429.
16. Katz, D., & Allport, F. (1931). Students' attitudes. Syracuse, NY: Craftsman.
17. Kelley, H.H., & Thibaut, J.W. (1978). Interpersonal relations: A theory of interdependence. New York: Wiley.
18. Krueger, J. (1998). On the perception of social consensus Advances in Experimental Social Pschology, 30, 163-240.
19. Krueger, J. (2000). The projective perception of the social world. In J. Suls & L. Wheeler (Eds.), Handbook of social comparison (pp. 323-351). New York: Kluwer.
20. Krueger, J., & Zeiger, J.S. (1993). Social categorization and the truly false consensus effect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65, 670-680.
21. Mullen, B., Atkins, J.L., Champion, D.S., Edwards, C., Hardy, D., Story, J.E. et al. (1985). The false consensus effect: A meta-analysis of 115 hypothesis tests. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 21, 262-283
22. Mullen, B., Dovidio, J.F., Johnson, C., & Copper, C. (1992). Ingroup-outgroup differences in social projection. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 28, 422-440.
23. Muller, D., Judd, C.M., & Yzerbyt, V.Y. (2005). When moderation is mediated and mediation is moderated. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89, 852-863.
24. Otten, S. (2002) 'Me' and 'us' or 'us' and 'them'? The self as heuristic for defining novel ingroups. European Review of Social Psychology, 13, 1-33.
25. Otten, S., & Wentura, D. (2001). Self-anchoring and ingroup favoritism: An individual-profiles analysis. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 37, 1049-1071.
26. Pettigrew, T.F. (1998). Intergroup contact theory. Annual Review of Psychology, 49, 65-85.
27. Raudenbush, S.W., & Bryk, A.S. (2002). Hierarchical linear models (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
28. Raudenbush, S.W., Bryk, T., & Congdon, R. (2004). HLM 6 hierarchical linear and nonlinear modeling (computer program). Lincolnwood, IL: Scientific Software International, Inc.
29. Riketta, M. (2005). Cognitive differentiation between self, ingroup, and outgroup: The roles of identification and perceived intergroup conflict. European Journal of Social Psychology, 35, 97-106.
30. Riketta, M. (2006). Projection of self-attributes to outgroups. In A. B. Prescott (Ed.), The concept of self in psychology (pp. 215-241). Hauppauge, NY: Nova.
31. Robbins, J.M., & Krueger, J. (2005). Social projection to ingroups and outgroups. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 9, 32-47.
32. Sherif, M., Harvey, O.J., White, B.J., Hood, W.R., & Sherif, C.W. (1961). Intergroup conflict and cooperation: The robbers cave experiment. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Book Exchange.
33. Sherman, S.J., Chassin, L., Clark, C.P., & Agostinelli, G. (1984). The role of evaluation and similarity principles in the false consensus effect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 47, 1244-1262.
34. Smith, E.R., & Henry, S. (1996). An ingroup becomes part of the self: Response time evidence. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 22, 635-642.
35. Spears, R., & Manstead, A.S.R. (1990). Consensus estimation in social context. European Review of Social Psychology, 1, 81-109.
36. Turner, J.C. (1987). A self-categorization theory. In J. C. Turner, M. A. Hogg, P. J. Oakes, S. D. Reicher, & M. S. Wetherell, (Eds.), Rediscovering the social group (pp. 42-67). Oxford, UK: Blackwell.