메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 86, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 165-170

Secondary neutrons in clinical proton radiotherapy: A charged issue

Author keywords

Passive scattering; Proton radiotherapy; Second cancers; Secondary neutrons

Indexed keywords

CANCER MORTALITY; CANCER RADIOTHERAPY; CANCER RISK; CARCINOGENESIS; COMPARATIVE STUDY; DOSE CALCULATION; HUMAN; LUNG TUMOR; MEASUREMENT; NEUTRON; NEUTRON DOSIMETRY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTON RADIATION; PROTON THERAPY; REVIEW;

EID: 39149114100     PISSN: 01678140     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2007.12.003     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (153)

References (64)
  • 1
    • 33745192610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Significant reduction of normal tissue dose by proton radiotherapy compared with three-dimensional conformal or intensity-modulated radiation therapy in Stage I or Stage III non-small-cell lung cancer
    • Chang J.Y., Zhang X., Wang X., et al. Significant reduction of normal tissue dose by proton radiotherapy compared with three-dimensional conformal or intensity-modulated radiation therapy in Stage I or Stage III non-small-cell lung cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 65 (2006) 1087-1096
    • (2006) Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys , vol.65 , pp. 1087-1096
    • Chang, J.Y.1    Zhang, X.2    Wang, X.3
  • 2
    • 0036836138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential reduction of the incidence of radiation-induced second cancers by using proton beams in the treatment of pediatric tumors
    • Miralbell R., Lomax A., Cella L., and Schneider U. Potential reduction of the incidence of radiation-induced second cancers by using proton beams in the treatment of pediatric tumors. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 54 (2002) 824-829
    • (2002) Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys , vol.54 , pp. 824-829
    • Miralbell, R.1    Lomax, A.2    Cella, L.3    Schneider, U.4
  • 3
    • 33645973559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intensity-modulated radiation therapy, protons, and the risk of second cancers
    • Hall E.J. Intensity-modulated radiation therapy, protons, and the risk of second cancers. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 65 (2006) 1-7
    • (2006) Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys , vol.65 , pp. 1-7
    • Hall, E.J.1
  • 4
    • 33751197281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gottschalk B. Neutron dose in scattered and scanned proton beams: in regard to Hall EJ (Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2006;65:1-7). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2006;66:1594; author reply 1595.
    • Gottschalk B. Neutron dose in scattered and scanned proton beams: in regard to Hall EJ (Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2006;65:1-7). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2006;66:1594; author reply 1595.
  • 5
    • 33751200134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Macklis R. In regard to Hall: intensity-modulated radiation therapy, protons, and the risk of second cancers (Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2006;65:1-7). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2006;66:1593-4; author reply 1595.
    • Macklis R. In regard to Hall: intensity-modulated radiation therapy, protons, and the risk of second cancers (Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2006;65:1-7). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2006;66:1593-4; author reply 1595.
  • 6
    • 33751190753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Paganetti H, Bortfeld T, Delaney TF. Neutron dose in proton radiation therapy: in regard to Hall EJ (Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2006;65:1-7). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2006;66:1594-5; author reply 1595.
    • Paganetti H, Bortfeld T, Delaney TF. Neutron dose in proton radiation therapy: in regard to Hall EJ (Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2006;65:1-7). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2006;66:1594-5; author reply 1595.
  • 8
    • 0030894196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Secondary dose exposures during 200 MeV proton therapy
    • Binns P.J., and Hough J.H. Secondary dose exposures during 200 MeV proton therapy. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 70 (1997) 441-444
    • (1997) Radiat Prot Dosimetry , vol.70 , pp. 441-444
    • Binns, P.J.1    Hough, J.H.2
  • 9
    • 23744503233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Design tools for proton therapy nozzles based on the double-scattering foil technique
    • Fontenot J.D., Newhauser W.D., and Titt U. Design tools for proton therapy nozzles based on the double-scattering foil technique. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 116 (2005) 211-215
    • (2005) Radiat Prot Dosimetry , vol.116 , pp. 211-215
    • Fontenot, J.D.1    Newhauser, W.D.2    Titt, U.3
  • 10
    • 24644503509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulation of organ-specific patient effective dose due to secondary neutrons in proton radiation treatment
    • Jiang H., Wang B., Xu X.G., Suit H.D., and Paganetti H. Simulation of organ-specific patient effective dose due to secondary neutrons in proton radiation treatment. Phys Med Biol 50 (2005) 4337-4353
    • (2005) Phys Med Biol , vol.50 , pp. 4337-4353
    • Jiang, H.1    Wang, B.2    Xu, X.G.3    Suit, H.D.4    Paganetti, H.5
  • 11
    • 33745667980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neutron scattered dose equivalent to a fetus from proton radiotherapy to the mother
    • Mesoloras G., Sandison G.A., Stewart R.D., Farr J.B., and Hsi W.C. Neutron scattered dose equivalent to a fetus from proton radiotherapy to the mother. Med Phys 33 (2006) 2479-2490
    • (2006) Med Phys , vol.33 , pp. 2479-2490
    • Mesoloras, G.1    Sandison, G.A.2    Stewart, R.D.3    Farr, J.B.4    Hsi, W.C.5
  • 12
    • 23744490002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calculations of neutron dose equivalent exposures from range-modulated proton therapy beams
    • Polf J.C., and Newhauser W.D. Calculations of neutron dose equivalent exposures from range-modulated proton therapy beams. Phys Med Biol 50 (2005) 3859-3873
    • (2005) Phys Med Biol , vol.50 , pp. 3859-3873
    • Polf, J.C.1    Newhauser, W.D.2
  • 13
    • 23744507173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patient neutron dose equivalent exposures outside of the proton therapy treatment field
    • Polf J.C., Newhauser W.D., and Titt U. Patient neutron dose equivalent exposures outside of the proton therapy treatment field. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 115 (2005) 154-158
    • (2005) Radiat Prot Dosimetry , vol.115 , pp. 154-158
    • Polf, J.C.1    Newhauser, W.D.2    Titt, U.3
  • 14
    • 4344629368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scattered neutron dose equivalent to a fetus from proton therapy of the mother
    • Roy S.C., and Sandison G.A. Scattered neutron dose equivalent to a fetus from proton therapy of the mother. Radiat Phys Chem 71 (2004) 997-998
    • (2004) Radiat Phys Chem , vol.71 , pp. 997-998
    • Roy, S.C.1    Sandison, G.A.2
  • 16
    • 2542485619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neutron dose from prostheses material during radiotherapy with protons and photons
    • Schneider U., Fiechtner A., Besserer J., and Lomax A. Neutron dose from prostheses material during radiotherapy with protons and photons. Phys Med Biol 49 (2004) N119-N124
    • (2004) Phys Med Biol , vol.49
    • Schneider, U.1    Fiechtner, A.2    Besserer, J.3    Lomax, A.4
  • 17
    • 33745896499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurement of neutron dose distribution for a passive scattering nozzle at the Proton Medical Research Center (PMRC)
    • Tayama R., Fujita Y., Tadokoro M., Fujimaki H., Sakae T., and Terunuma T. Measurement of neutron dose distribution for a passive scattering nozzle at the Proton Medical Research Center (PMRC). Nucl Instrum Methods Phys Res A 564 (2006) 532-536
    • (2006) Nucl Instrum Methods Phys Res A , vol.564 , pp. 532-536
    • Tayama, R.1    Fujita, Y.2    Tadokoro, M.3    Fujimaki, H.4    Sakae, T.5    Terunuma, T.6
  • 18
    • 34548361775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Out-of-field dose equivalents delivered by proton therapy of prostate cancer
    • Wroe A., Rosenfeld A., and Schulte R. Out-of-field dose equivalents delivered by proton therapy of prostate cancer. Med Phys 34 (2007) 3449-3456
    • (2007) Med Phys , vol.34 , pp. 3449-3456
    • Wroe, A.1    Rosenfeld, A.2    Schulte, R.3
  • 19
    • 0036133641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurement of neutron dose equivalent to proton therapy patients outside of the proton radiation field
    • Yan X., Titt U., Koehler A.M., and Newhauser W.D. Measurement of neutron dose equivalent to proton therapy patients outside of the proton radiation field. Nucl Instrum Methods Phys Res A 476 (2002) 429-434
    • (2002) Nucl Instrum Methods Phys Res A , vol.476 , pp. 429-434
    • Yan, X.1    Titt, U.2    Koehler, A.M.3    Newhauser, W.D.4
  • 20
    • 34547121203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monte Carlo study of neutron dose equivalent during passive scattering proton therapy
    • Zheng Y., Newhauser W., Fontenot J., Taddei P., and Mohan R. Monte Carlo study of neutron dose equivalent during passive scattering proton therapy. Phys Med Biol 52 (2007) 4481-4496
    • (2007) Phys Med Biol , vol.52 , pp. 4481-4496
    • Zheng, Y.1    Newhauser, W.2    Fontenot, J.3    Taddei, P.4    Mohan, R.5
  • 21
    • 0017722986 scopus 로고
    • Flattening of proton dose distributions for large-field radiotherapy
    • Koehler A.M., Schneider R.J., and Sisterson J.M. Flattening of proton dose distributions for large-field radiotherapy. Med Phys 4 (1977) 297-301
    • (1977) Med Phys , vol.4 , pp. 297-301
    • Koehler, A.M.1    Schneider, R.J.2    Sisterson, J.M.3
  • 22
    • 9244236564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment planning and verification of proton therapy using spot scanning: initial experiences
    • Lomax A.J., Bohringer T., Bolsi A., et al. Treatment planning and verification of proton therapy using spot scanning: initial experiences. Med Phys 31 (2004) 3150-3157
    • (2004) Med Phys , vol.31 , pp. 3150-3157
    • Lomax, A.J.1    Bohringer, T.2    Bolsi, A.3
  • 23
    • 0034897033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnetically scanned proton therapy beams: rationales and principles
    • Jones D.T.L., and Schreuder A.N. Magnetically scanned proton therapy beams: rationales and principles. Radiat Phys Chem 61 (2001) 615-618
    • (2001) Radiat Phys Chem , vol.61 , pp. 615-618
    • Jones, D.T.L.1    Schreuder, A.N.2
  • 25
    • 39149136297 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NCRP. National council on radiation protection and measurements. The relative biological effectiveness of radiations of different quality. NCRP Report 104; 1990.
    • NCRP. National council on radiation protection and measurements. The relative biological effectiveness of radiations of different quality. NCRP Report 104; 1990.
  • 26
    • 4544225790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of GEANT4 radiation transport toolkit to dose calculations in anthropomorphic phantoms
    • Rodrigues P., Trindade A., Peralta L., Alves C., Chaves A., and Lopes M.C. Application of GEANT4 radiation transport toolkit to dose calculations in anthropomorphic phantoms. Appl Radiat Isot 61 (2004) 1451-1461
    • (2004) Appl Radiat Isot , vol.61 , pp. 1451-1461
    • Rodrigues, P.1    Trindade, A.2    Peralta, L.3    Alves, C.4    Chaves, A.5    Lopes, M.C.6
  • 27
    • 33644994129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monte Carlo simulation estimates of neutron doses to critical organs of a patient undergoing 18 MV X-ray LINAC-based radiotherapy
    • Barquero R., Edwards T.M., Iniguez M.P., and Vega-Carrillo H.R. Monte Carlo simulation estimates of neutron doses to critical organs of a patient undergoing 18 MV X-ray LINAC-based radiotherapy. Med Phys 32 (2005) 3579-3588
    • (2005) Med Phys , vol.32 , pp. 3579-3588
    • Barquero, R.1    Edwards, T.M.2    Iniguez, M.P.3    Vega-Carrillo, H.R.4
  • 28
    • 39149144610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ferrari P, Gualdrini G, Nava E, Burn KW. Preliminary evaluations of the undesirable patient dose from a BNCT treatment at the ENEA-TAPIRO reactor. Radiat Prot Dosimetry, in press.
    • Ferrari P, Gualdrini G, Nava E, Burn KW. Preliminary evaluations of the undesirable patient dose from a BNCT treatment at the ENEA-TAPIRO reactor. Radiat Prot Dosimetry, in press.
  • 29
    • 3142702743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accurate Monte Carlo simulations for nozzle design, commissioning and quality assurance for a proton radiation therapy facility
    • Paganetti H., Jiang H., Lee S.Y., and Kooy H.M. Accurate Monte Carlo simulations for nozzle design, commissioning and quality assurance for a proton radiation therapy facility. Med Phys 31 (2004) 2107-2118
    • (2004) Med Phys , vol.31 , pp. 2107-2118
    • Paganetti, H.1    Jiang, H.2    Lee, S.Y.3    Kooy, H.M.4
  • 30
    • 0034110635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • VIP-Man: an image-based whole-body adult male model constructed from color photographs of the Visible Human Project for multi-particle Monte Carlo calculations
    • Xu X.G., Chao T.C., and Bozkurt A. VIP-Man: an image-based whole-body adult male model constructed from color photographs of the Visible Human Project for multi-particle Monte Carlo calculations. Health Phys 78 (2000) 476-486
    • (2000) Health Phys , vol.78 , pp. 476-486
    • Xu, X.G.1    Chao, T.C.2    Bozkurt, A.3
  • 31
    • 35348949636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DS02 fluence spectra for neutrons and gamma rays at Hiroshima and Nagasaki with fluence-to-kerma coefficients and transmission factors for sample measurements
    • Egbert S.D., Kerr G.D., and Cullings H.M. DS02 fluence spectra for neutrons and gamma rays at Hiroshima and Nagasaki with fluence-to-kerma coefficients and transmission factors for sample measurements. Radiat Environ Biophys 46 (2007) 311-325
    • (2007) Radiat Environ Biophys , vol.46 , pp. 311-325
    • Egbert, S.D.1    Kerr, G.D.2    Cullings, H.M.3
  • 32
    • 33644642315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurements of fast neutrons in Hiroshima by use of Ar-39
    • Nolte E., Ruhm W., Loosli H.H., et al. Measurements of fast neutrons in Hiroshima by use of Ar-39. Radiat Environ Biophys 44 (2006) 261-271
    • (2006) Radiat Environ Biophys , vol.44 , pp. 261-271
    • Nolte, E.1    Ruhm, W.2    Loosli, H.H.3
  • 33
    • 33644646224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indications of the neutron effect contribution in the solid cancer data of the A-bomb survivors
    • Kellerer A.M., Ruhm W., and Walsh L. Indications of the neutron effect contribution in the solid cancer data of the A-bomb survivors. Health Phys 90 (2006) 554-564
    • (2006) Health Phys , vol.90 , pp. 554-564
    • Kellerer, A.M.1    Ruhm, W.2    Walsh, L.3
  • 34
    • 0031474139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimates of neutron relative biological effectiveness derived from the Japanese atomic bomb survivors
    • Little M.P. Estimates of neutron relative biological effectiveness derived from the Japanese atomic bomb survivors. Int J Radiat Biol 72 (1997) 715-726
    • (1997) Int J Radiat Biol , vol.72 , pp. 715-726
    • Little, M.P.1
  • 35
    • 0020569568 scopus 로고
    • Tumor induction in BALB/c female mice after fission neutron or gamma irradiation
    • Ullrich R.L. Tumor induction in BALB/c female mice after fission neutron or gamma irradiation. Radiat Res 93 (1983) 506-515
    • (1983) Radiat Res , vol.93 , pp. 506-515
    • Ullrich, R.L.1
  • 36
    • 0021212968 scopus 로고
    • Tumor induction in BALB/c mice after fractionated or protracted exposures to fission-spectrum neutrons
    • Ullrich R.L. Tumor induction in BALB/c mice after fractionated or protracted exposures to fission-spectrum neutrons. Radiat Res 97 (1984) 587-597
    • (1984) Radiat Res , vol.97 , pp. 587-597
    • Ullrich, R.L.1
  • 37
    • 0017132789 scopus 로고
    • The influence of dose and dose rate on the incidence of neoplastic disease in RFM mice after neutron irradiation
    • Ullrich R.L., Jernigan M.C., Cosgrove G.E., Satterfield L.C., Bowles N.D., and Storer J.B. The influence of dose and dose rate on the incidence of neoplastic disease in RFM mice after neutron irradiation. Radiat Res 68 (1976) 115-131
    • (1976) Radiat Res , vol.68 , pp. 115-131
    • Ullrich, R.L.1    Jernigan, M.C.2    Cosgrove, G.E.3    Satterfield, L.C.4    Bowles, N.D.5    Storer, J.B.6
  • 38
    • 39149135004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ICRU. The quality factor in radiation protection. Bethesda, MD, Report 40: International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements.
    • ICRU. The quality factor in radiation protection. Bethesda, MD, Report 40: International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements.
  • 39
    • 39149110044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ICRP. 1990 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection: Report 60. Oxford: Pergamon Press; 1991.
    • ICRP. 1990 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection: Report 60. Oxford: Pergamon Press; 1991.
  • 40
    • 0242694890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • R). Report 92 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection. Ann ICRP 2003;33:1-117.
    • R). Report 92 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection. Ann ICRP 2003;33:1-117.
  • 41
    • 39149124923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NCRP. National council on radiation protection and measurements. Calibration of survey instruments used in radiation protection for the assessment of ionizing radiation fields and radioactive surface contamination. NCRP Report 112. Bethesda, MD; 1991.
    • NCRP. National council on radiation protection and measurements. Calibration of survey instruments used in radiation protection for the assessment of ionizing radiation fields and radioactive surface contamination. NCRP Report 112. Bethesda, MD; 1991.
  • 43
    • 0018337859 scopus 로고
    • Cytogenetic effects induced in vitro in human peripheral blood lymphocytes by neutrons. II. Relative biological effectiveness of neutrons having different energies
    • [in Russian]
    • Sevan'kaev A.V., Zherbin E.A., Obaturov G.M., Kozlov V.M., and Tiatte E.G. Cytogenetic effects induced in vitro in human peripheral blood lymphocytes by neutrons. II. Relative biological effectiveness of neutrons having different energies. Genetika 15 (1979) 1228-1234 [in Russian]
    • (1979) Genetika , vol.15 , pp. 1228-1234
    • Sevan'kaev, A.V.1    Zherbin, E.A.2    Obaturov, G.M.3    Kozlov, V.M.4    Tiatte, E.G.5
  • 44
    • 0033061125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytogenetic analysis in human lymphocytes after exposure to simulated cosmic radiation which reflects the inflight radiation environment
    • Heimers A. Cytogenetic analysis in human lymphocytes after exposure to simulated cosmic radiation which reflects the inflight radiation environment. Int J Radiat Biol 75 (1999) 691-698
    • (1999) Int J Radiat Biol , vol.75 , pp. 691-698
    • Heimers, A.1
  • 45
    • 0036343544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The CERN-EU high-energy reference field (CERF) facility for dosimetry at commercial flight altitudes and in space
    • Mitaroff A., and Silari M. The CERN-EU high-energy reference field (CERF) facility for dosimetry at commercial flight altitudes and in space. Radiat Protect Dosim 102 (2002) 7-22
    • (2002) Radiat Protect Dosim , vol.102 , pp. 7-22
    • Mitaroff, A.1    Silari, M.2
  • 46
    • 39149139755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitelman F, Johansson B, Mertens FE. Mitelman Database of chromosome aberrations in cancer. http://cgap.nci.nih.gov/Chromosomes/Mitelman. 2007.
    • Mitelman F, Johansson B, Mertens FE. Mitelman Database of chromosome aberrations in cancer. http://cgap.nci.nih.gov/Chromosomes/Mitelman. 2007.
  • 47
    • 0018145268 scopus 로고
    • A generalized formulation of dual radiation action
    • Kellerer A., and Rossi H. A generalized formulation of dual radiation action. Radiat Res 75 (1978) 471-488
    • (1978) Radiat Res , vol.75 , pp. 471-488
    • Kellerer, A.1    Rossi, H.2
  • 48
    • 0023925166 scopus 로고
    • The response of mouse skin to irradiation with neutrons from the 62 MV cyclotron at Clatterbridge, U.K.
    • Joiner M.C., and Field S.B. The response of mouse skin to irradiation with neutrons from the 62 MV cyclotron at Clatterbridge, U.K. Radiother Oncol 12 (1988) 153-166
    • (1988) Radiother Oncol , vol.12 , pp. 153-166
    • Joiner, M.C.1    Field, S.B.2
  • 49
    • 0033048040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The assessment of RBE effects using the concept of biologically effective dose
    • Dale R.G., and Jones B. The assessment of RBE effects using the concept of biologically effective dose. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 43 (1999) 639-645
    • (1999) Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys , vol.43 , pp. 639-645
    • Dale, R.G.1    Jones, B.2
  • 50
    • 39149128843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Research Council of the National Academies. Health risks from exposure to low levels of ionizing radiation - BEIR VII. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press; 2006.
    • National Research Council of the National Academies. Health risks from exposure to low levels of ionizing radiation - BEIR VII. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press; 2006.
  • 51
    • 39149092794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Land CE, Gilbert E, Smith JM. Report of the NCI-CDC working group to revise the 1985 NIH radioepidemiological tables. NIH Publication 03-5387. See also www.irep.nci.nih.gov. Bethesda: NIH; 2003. Report No.: NIH 03-5387.
    • Land CE, Gilbert E, Smith JM. Report of the NCI-CDC working group to revise the 1985 NIH radioepidemiological tables. NIH Publication 03-5387. See also www.irep.nci.nih.gov. Bethesda: NIH; 2003. Report No.: NIH 03-5387.
  • 52
    • 21244474686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The calculated risk of fatal secondary malignancies from intensity-modulated radiation therapy
    • Kry S.F., Salehpour M., Followill D.S., et al. The calculated risk of fatal secondary malignancies from intensity-modulated radiation therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 62 (2005) 1195-1203
    • (2005) Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys , vol.62 , pp. 1195-1203
    • Kry, S.F.1    Salehpour, M.2    Followill, D.S.3
  • 53
    • 0037402826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Radiation-induced second cancers: the impact of 3D-CRT and IMRT
    • Hall E.J., and Wuu C.S. Radiation-induced second cancers: the impact of 3D-CRT and IMRT. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 56 (2003) 83-88
    • (2003) Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys , vol.56 , pp. 83-88
    • Hall, E.J.1    Wuu, C.S.2
  • 54
    • 0026504759 scopus 로고
    • Effects of respiratory motion on dose uniformity with a charged particle scanning method
    • Phillips M.H., Pedroni E., Blattmann H., Boehringer T., Coray A., and Scheib S. Effects of respiratory motion on dose uniformity with a charged particle scanning method. Phys Med Biol 37 (1992) 223-234
    • (1992) Phys Med Biol , vol.37 , pp. 223-234
    • Phillips, M.H.1    Pedroni, E.2    Blattmann, H.3    Boehringer, T.4    Coray, A.5    Scheib, S.6
  • 56
    • 33745858030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulations to design an online motion compensation system for scanned particle beams
    • Grozinger S.O., Rietzel E., Li Q., Bert C., Haberer T., and Kraft G. Simulations to design an online motion compensation system for scanned particle beams. Phys Med Biol 51 (2006) 3517-3531
    • (2006) Phys Med Biol , vol.51 , pp. 3517-3531
    • Grozinger, S.O.1    Rietzel, E.2    Li, Q.3    Bert, C.4    Haberer, T.5    Kraft, G.6
  • 57
    • 33846208694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spot-scanning proton therapy for malignant soft tissue tumors in childhood: first experiences at the Paul Scherrer Institute
    • Timmermann B., Schuck A., Niggli F., et al. Spot-scanning proton therapy for malignant soft tissue tumors in childhood: first experiences at the Paul Scherrer Institute. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 67 (2007) 497-504
    • (2007) Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys , vol.67 , pp. 497-504
    • Timmermann, B.1    Schuck, A.2    Niggli, F.3
  • 58
    • 34548671412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spot Scanning Proton Therapy in the Curative Treatment of Adult Patients with Sarcoma: the Paul Scherrer Institute Experience
    • Weber D.C., Rutz H.P., Bolsi A., et al. Spot Scanning Proton Therapy in the Curative Treatment of Adult Patients with Sarcoma: the Paul Scherrer Institute Experience. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys (2007)
    • (2007) Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys
    • Weber, D.C.1    Rutz, H.P.2    Bolsi, A.3
  • 59
    • 24944578548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Results of spot-scanning proton radiation therapy for chordoma and chondrosarcoma of the skull base: the Paul Scherrer Institut experience
    • Weber D.C., Rutz H.P., Pedroni E.S., et al. Results of spot-scanning proton radiation therapy for chordoma and chondrosarcoma of the skull base: the Paul Scherrer Institut experience. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 63 (2005) 401-409
    • (2005) Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys , vol.63 , pp. 401-409
    • Weber, D.C.1    Rutz, H.P.2    Pedroni, E.S.3
  • 60
    • 30844465932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapeutic step and shoot proton beam spot-scanning with a multi-leaf collimator: a Monte Carlo study
    • Bues M., Newhauser W.D., Titt U., and Smith A.R. Therapeutic step and shoot proton beam spot-scanning with a multi-leaf collimator: a Monte Carlo study. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 115 (2005) 164-169
    • (2005) Radiat Prot Dosimetry , vol.115 , pp. 164-169
    • Bues, M.1    Newhauser, W.D.2    Titt, U.3    Smith, A.R.4
  • 61
    • 33748936973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proton therapy
    • Schlegel W., Bortfeld T., and Grosu A.-L. (Eds), Springer, Berlin
    • Paganetti H., and Bortfeld T. Proton therapy. In: Schlegel W., Bortfeld T., and Grosu A.-L. (Eds). New technologies in radiation oncology (2006), Springer, Berlin
    • (2006) New technologies in radiation oncology
    • Paganetti, H.1    Bortfeld, T.2
  • 64
    • 31544445254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neutron production from 200-500 MeV proton interaction with spacecraft materials
    • Maurer R.H., Kinnison J.D., and Roth D.R. Neutron production from 200-500 MeV proton interaction with spacecraft materials. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 116 (2005) 125-130
    • (2005) Radiat Prot Dosimetry , vol.116 , pp. 125-130
    • Maurer, R.H.1    Kinnison, J.D.2    Roth, D.R.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.