The use of IV fat in neonates

Nutrition in Clinical Practice

Volumn 21, Issue 4, 2006, Pages 374-380

  Kerner, John A ^a,b,c   Poole, Robert L ^a,b  

^a STANFORD UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b LUCILE PACKARD CHILDREN S HOSPITAL   (United States)

^c Department of Pediatrics   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CHOLESTEROL; LIPID EMULSION; TRIACYLGLYCEROL;

CHEMISTRY; DOSE RESPONSE; GESTATIONAL AGE; HUMAN; LOW BIRTH WEIGHT; METABOLIC CLEARANCE RATE; METABOLISM; NEWBORN; NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENT; PARENTERAL NUTRITION; PH; REVIEW; SOLUBILITY; TIME;

CHOLESTEROL; DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP, DRUG; FAT EMULSIONS, INTRAVENOUS; GESTATIONAL AGE; HUMANS; HYDROGEN-ION CONCENTRATION; INFANT, LOW BIRTH WEIGHT; INFANT, NEWBORN; METABOLIC CLEARANCE RATE; NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS; PARENTERAL NUTRITION; SOLUBILITY; TIME FACTORS; TRIGLYCERIDES;

EID: 39049184714     PISSN: 08845336     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0115426506021004374     Document Type: Review

References (66)

1. Cashore WJ, Sedaghatian MR, Usher RH. Nutritional supplements with intravenously administered lipid, protein hydroly-sate, and glucose in small premature infants. Pediatrics. 1975;56: 8-16.
2. Phelps SJ, Cochran EB. Effect of the continuous administration of fat emulsion on the infiltration of intravenous lines in infants receiving peripheral parenteral nutrition solutions. JPEN J Par-enter Enteral Nutr. 1989;13:628-632.
3. rd ed. Prague, Czech Republic: Galen Publishing House; 2004:264-267.
4. Mirtallo J, Canada T, Johnson D, et al, and the Task Force for the Revision of Safe Practices for Parenteral Nutrition. Safe practices for parenteral nutrition. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2004;28: S39-S70.
5. Kao LC, Cheng MH, Warburton D. Triglycerides, free fatty acids, free fatty acids/albumin molar ratio, and cholesterol levels in serum of neonates receiving long-term lipid infusions: controlled trial of continuous and intermittent regimens. J Pediatr. 1984; 104:429-435.
6. Brans YW, Andrew DS, Carrillo DW, et al. Tolerance of fat emulsions in very-low-birth-weight neonates. Am J Dis Child. 1988;142:145-152.
7. Sacks GS, Driscoll DF. Does lipid hang time make a difference? Time is of the essence. Nutr Clin Pract. 2002;17:284-290.
8. United States Pharmacopeia. Pharmaceutical Compounding: Sterile Preparations, Physical Tests: USP 29/National Formulary 24. Rockville, MD: United States Pharmacopeia Convention, Inc.; 2006:2735-2751.
9. O'Grady NP, Alexander M, Dellinger EP, et al. Guidelines for the prevention of intravascular catheter-related infections: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2002; 51:1-29.
10. Gustafson A, Kjellmer I, Olegard R, Victorin LH. Nutrition in low-birth-weight infants, II: repeated intravenous injections of fat emulsion. Acta Paediatr Scand. 1974;63:177-182.
11. Friedman Z, Danon A, Stahlman MT, Oates JA. Rapid onset of essential fatty acid deficiency in the newborn. Pediatrics. 1976; 58:640-649.
12. Friedman Z, Shochat SJ, Maisels MJ, Marks KH, Lamberth EL Jr. Correction of essential fatty acid deficiency in newborn infants by cutaneous application of sunflower-seed oil. Pediatrics. 1976; 58:650-654.
13. Hunt CE, Engel RR, Modler S, et al. Essential fatty acid deficiency in neonates: inability to reverse deficiency by topical applications of EFA-rich oil. J Pediatr. 1978;92:603-607.
14. O'Neill JA Jr, Caldwell MD, Meng HC. Essential fatty acid deficiency in surgical patients. Ann Surg. 1977;185:535-542.
15. Levy JS, Winters RW, Heird WC. Total parenteral nutrition in pediatrics. Pediatr Rev. 1980;2:99.
16. Cooke RJ, Burckhart GJ. Hypertriglyceridemia during the intravenous infusion of a safilower oil-based fat emulsion. J Pediatr. 1983;103:959-961.
17. Grill B, Yoon S, Fisher L, et al. Prospective comparison of two intravenous lipid emulsions in premature infants: effects on plasma fatty acids [abstract]. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1990;14(suppl):llS.
18. Malkani A, Abraham S, Hartman G, et al. Evaluation of a new fat emulsion (Liposyn II) in neonates [abstract]. Clin Res. 1990;38: 190A.
19. Helms RA, Whitington PF, Mauer EC, et al. Enhanced lipid utilization in infants receiving oral L-carnitine during long-term parenteral nutrition. J Pediatr. 1986;109:984-988.
20. Helms RA, Borum PR, Hay WW, Mauer EC, Storm MC. Intravenous (IV) carnitine during parenteral nutrition (PN) in neonates [abstract]. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1987;ll(suppl):9S.
21. Stahl GE, Spear ML,- Hamosh M. Intravenous administration of lipid emulsions to premature infants. Clin Perinatol. 1986;13: 133-162.
22. Innis SM. Fat. In: Tsang RC, Lucas A, Uauy R, Zlotkin S, eds. Nutritional Needs of the Preterm Infant. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins; 1993:65-86.
23. Sulkers EJ, Lafeber HN, Degenhart HJ, et al. Effects of high carnitine supplementation on substrate utilization in low-birth-weight infants receiving total parenteral nutrition. Am J Clin Nutr. 1990;52:889-894.
24. Cairns PA, Stalker DJ. Carnitine supplementation of parenter-ally fed neonates. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;CD000950.
25. Koletzko B, Goulet O, Hunt J, Krohn K, Shamir R. 1. Guidelines on paediatric parenteral nutrition of the European Society of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) and the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN), supported by the European Society of Paediatric Research (ESPR). J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2005; 41(suppl 2):S1-S87.
26. A.S.P.E.N. Board of Directors and the Clinical Guidelines Task Force. Guidelines for the use of parenteral and enteral nutrition in adult and pediatric patients. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2002;26(suppl 1):106SA-107SA.
27. Dahn MS. Structured lipids: an alternative energy source [editorial]. Nutr Clin Pract. 1995;10:89-90.
28. Hyltander A, Sandstrom R, Lundholm K. Metabolic effects of structured triglycerides in humans. Nutr Clin Pract. 1995;10:91-97.
29. Lima LA, Murphy JF, Stansbie D, Rowlandson P, Gray OP. Neonatal parenteral nutrition with a fat emulsion containing medium chain triglycerides. Acta Paediatr Scand. 1988;77:332-339.
30. Bientz J, Frey A, Schirardin H, Bach AC. Medium-chain triglycerides in parenteral nutrition in the newborn: a short-term clinical trial. Infusionstherapie. 1988;15:96-99.
31. Van Aerde J, Chan G. Eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docasahexae-noic acid (DHA) -enriched intravenous (IV) fat emulsions for the neonate [abstract]. Clin Res. 1989;37:209.
32. Innis SM. Lipids in parenteral nutrition. Neoreviews Online. 2002;3:e48-e55.
33. Haumont D, Richelle M, Deckelbaum RJ, Coussaert E, Carpen-tier YA. Effect of liposomal content of lipid emulsions on plasma lipid concentrations in low birth weight infants receiving paren-' teral nutrition. J Pediatr. 1992;121:759-763.
34. Haumont D, Deckelbaum RJ, Richelle M, et al. Plasma lipid and plasma lipoprotein concentrations in low birth weight infants given parenteral nutrition with twenty or ten percent lipid emulsion. J Pediatr. 1989;115:787-793.
35. Garcia-de-Lorenzo A, Lopez-Martinez J, Planas M, et al. Safety and metabolic tolerance of a concentrated long-chain triglyceride lipid emulsion in critically ill septic and trauma patients. JPENJ Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2003;27:208-215. -
36. Nordenstrom J, Thorne A. Comparative studies on a new concentrated fat emulsion: Intralipid® 30% vs. 20%. Clin Nutr. 1993;12: 160-167.
37. Adamkin DH, Radmacher PG, Klingbeil RL. Use of intravenous lipid and hyperbilirubinemia in the first week. J Pediatr Gastro- . enterolNutr. 1992;14:135-139.
38. Market AD, Lew DB, Schropp KP, Hak EB. Parenteral nutrition-associated anaphylaxis in a 4-year-old child. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 1998;26:229-231.
39. Buchman AL, Ament ME. Comparative hypersensitivity in intravenous lipid emulsions. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1991;15: 345-346.
40. Periera GR, Fox WW, Stanley CA, Baker L, Schwartz JG. Decreased oxygenation and hyperlipemia during intravenous fat infusions in premature infants. Pediatrics. 1980;66:26-30.
41. Barson AJ, Chistwick ML, Doig CM. Fat embolism in infancy after intravenous fat infusions. Arch Dis Child. 1978;53:218-223.
42. Hertel J, Tygstrup I, Andersen GE. Intravascular fat accumulation after Intralipid infusion in the very low-birth-weight infant. J Pediatr. 1982;100:975-976.
43. Shulman RJ, Langston C, Schanler RJ. Pulmonary vascular lipid deposition after administration of intravenous fat to infants. Pediatrics. 1987;79:99-102.
44. Puntis JW, Rushton DI. Pulmonary intravascular lipid in neonatal necropsy specimens. Arch Dis Child. 1991;66:26-28.
45. Schroder H, Paust H, Schmidt R. Pulmonary fat embolism after intralipid therapy: a post-mortem artefact? Light and electron microscopic investigations in low-birth-weight infants. Acta Paediatr Scand. 1984;73:461-464.
46. McKeen CR, Brigham KL, Bowers RE, Harris TR. Pulmonary vascular effects of fat emulsion infusion in unanesthetized sheep: prevention by indomethacin. J Clin Invest. 1978;61:1291-1297.
47. Teague WG, Braun D, Goldberg RB, Bland RD. Intravenous lipid infusion increases lung fluid filtration in lambs [abstract]. Pediatr Res. 1984;18:313.
48. Hageman JR, McCulloch K, Gora P, et al. Intralipid alterations in pulmonary prostaglandin metabolism and gas exchange. Crit Care Med. 1983;11:794-798.
49. Brans YW, Dutton EB, Andrew DS, Menchaca EM, West DL. Fat emulsion tolerance in very low birth weight neonates: effect on diffusion of oxygen in the lungs and on blood pH. Pediatrics. 1986;78:79-84.
50. Hammerman C, Aramburo MJ. Decreased lipid intake reduces morbidity in sick premature neonates. J Pediatr. 1988;113:1083-1088.
51. Alwaidh MH, Bowden L, Shaw B, Ryan SW. Randomised trial of effect of delayed intravenous lipid administration on chronic lung disease in preterm neonates. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 1996; 22:303-306.
52. Gilbertson N, Kovar IZ, Cox DJ, Crowe L, Palmer NT. Introduction of intravenous lipid administration on the first day of life in the very low birth weight neonate. J Pediatr. 1991;119:615-623.
53. Kerner JA Jr, Cassani C, Hurwitz R, Berde CB. Monitoring intravenous fat emulsions in neonates with the fatty acid/serum albumin molar ratio. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1981;5:517-518.
54. Cooke RW. Factors associated with chronic lung disease in preterm infants. Arch Dis Child. 1991;66:776-779.
55. Sosenko IR, Rodriguez-Pierce M, Bancalari E. Effect of early initiation of intravenous lipid administration on the incidence and severity of chronic lung disease in premature infants. J Pediatr. 1993;123:975-982.
56. Fox GF, Wilson DC, Ohlsson A. Effect of early vs. late introduction of intravenous lipid to preterm infants on death and chronic lung disease (CLD): results of meta-analyses [abstract]. Pediatr Res. 1998;43:214A.
57. Helbock HJ, Motchnik PA, Ames BN. Toxic hydroperoxides in intravenous lipid emulsions used in preterm infants. Pediatrics. 1993;91:83-87.
58. Neuzil J, Darlow BA, Inder TE, et al. Oxidation of parenteral lipid emulsion by ambient and phototherapy lights: potential toxicity of routine parenteral feeding. J Pediatr. 1995;126:785-790.
59. Park W, Paust H, Schroder H. Lipid infusion in premature infants suffering from sepsis. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1984;8: 290-292.
60. Dahlstrom KA, Goulet OJ, Roberts RL, Ricour C, Ament ME. Lipid tolerance in children receiving long-term parenteral nutrition: a biochemical and immunologic study. J Pediatr. 1988;113: 985-990.
61. Toce SS, Keenan WJ. Lipid intolerance in newborns is associated with hepatic dysfunction but not infection. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1995;149:1249-1253.
62. Lipson AH, Pritchard J, Thomas G. Thrombocytopenia after intralipid infusion in a neonate. Lancet. 1974;2:1462-1463.
63. Cohen IT, Dahms B, Hays DM. Peripheral total parenteral nutrition employing a lipid emulsion (Intralipid): complications encountered in pediatric patients. J Pediatr Surg. 1977;12:837-845.
64. Goulet O, Girot R, Maier-Redelsperger M, et al. Hematologic disorders following prolonged use of intravenous fat emulsions in children. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1986;10:284-288.
65. Gobel Y, Koletzko B, Bohles HJ, et al. Parenteral fat emulsions based on olive and soybean oils: a randomized clinical trial in preterm infants. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2003;37:161-167.
66. Goulet O, de Potter S, Antebi H, et al. Long-term efficacy and safety of a new olive oil-based intravenous fat emulsion in pediatric patients: a double-blind randomized study. Am J Clin Nutr. 1999;70:338-345.