SCOPUS 정보 검색 플랫폼

Advanced Functional Materials

Volumn 18, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 248-257

Influence of molecular dipoles on the photoluminescence and electroluminescence of dipolar spirobifluorenes

(5) Chiang, Chih Long a,b Tseng, Shih Min a Chen, Chin Ti a Hsu, Chao Ping a Shu, Ching Fong b

a INSTITUTE OF CHEMISTRY (Taiwan)

b NATIONAL CHIAO TUNG UNIVERSITY (Taiwan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ELECTROLUMINESCENCE; ORGANIC LIGHT EMITTING DIODES (OLED); PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; SUBSTITUTION REACTIONS;

MOLECULAR DIPOLES; QUANTUM CHEMISTRY CALCULATIONS;

OLEFINS;

EID: 38949181892 PISSN: 1616301X EISSN: 16163028 Source Type: Journal
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.200700154 Document Type: Article

Times cited : (125)

References (53)

1
- 8444243332
- C.-T. Chen, Chem. Mater. 2004, 16, 4389.
- (2004) Chem. Mater , vol.16 , pp. 4389
- Chen, C.-T.¹

2
- 3543099288
- a) C. W. Tang, S. A. VanSlyke, C. H. Chen, J. Appl. Phys. 1989, 65, 3610.
- (1989) J. Appl. Phys , vol.65 , pp. 3610
- Tang, C.W.¹ VanSlyke, S.A.² Chen, C.H.³

3
- 0032067592
- b) V. Bulovic, A. Shoustikov, M. A. Baldo, E. Bose, V. G. Kozlov, M. E. Thompson, S. R. Forrest, Chem. Phys. Lett. 1998, 287, 455.
- (1998) Chem. Phys. Lett , vol.287 , pp. 455
- Bulovic, V.¹ Shoustikov, A.² Baldo, M.A.³ Bose, E.⁴ Kozlov, V.G.⁵ Thompson, M.E.⁶ Forrest, S.R.⁷

4
- 0002371748
- c) C. H. Chen, J. Shi, C. W. Tang, Macromol. Symp. 1997, 125, 1.
- (1997) Macromol. Symp , vol.125 , pp. 1
- Chen, C.H.¹ Shi, J.² Tang, C.W.³

5
- 15244362543
- C.-L. Chiang, M.-F. Wu, D.-C. Dai, Y.-S. Wen, J.-K. Wang, C.-T. Chen, Adv. Funct. Mater. 2005, 15, 231.
- (2005) Adv. Funct. Mater , vol.15 , pp. 231
- Chiang, C.-L.¹ Wu, M.-F.² Dai, D.-C.³ Wen, Y.-S.⁴ Wang, J.-K.⁵ Chen, C.-T.⁶

6
- 24044514322
- C.-L. Chiang, C.-F. Shu, C.-T. Chen, Org. Lett. 2005, 7, 3717.
- (2005) Org. Lett , vol.7 , pp. 3717
- Chiang, C.-L.¹ Shu, C.-F.² Chen, C.-T.³

7
- 19844369542
- C.-L. Chiang, M.-F. Wu, C.-F. Shu, C.-T. Chen, Proc. SPIE-Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. 2005, 5632, 80.
- (2005) Proc. SPIE-Int. Soc. Opt. Eng , vol.5632 , pp. 80
- Chiang, C.-L.¹ Wu, M.-F.² Shu, C.-F.³ Chen, C.-T.⁴

8
- 0031212456
- N. Johansson, D. A. dos Santos, S. Guo, J. Cornil, M. Fahlman, J. Salbeck, H. Schenk, H. Arwin, J. L. Brédas, W. R. Salanek, J. Chem. Phys. 1997, 107, 2542.
- (1997) J. Chem. Phys , vol.107 , pp. 2542
- Johansson, N.¹ dos Santos, D.A.² Guo, S.³ Cornil, J.⁴ Fahlman, M.⁵ Salbeck, J.⁶ Schenk, H.⁷ Arwin, H.⁸ Brédas, J.L.⁹ Salanek, W.R.¹⁰

9
- 0000397711
- V. Bulovic, R. Deshpande, M. E. Thompson, S. R. Forrest, Chem. Phys. Lett. 1999, 308, 317.
- (1999) Chem. Phys. Lett , vol.308 , pp. 317
- Bulovic, V.¹ Deshpande, R.² Thompson, M.E.³ Forrest, S.R.⁴

10
- 0004018410
- Examples see:, VCH, Weinheim
- Examples see: C. Reichardt, Solvents and Solvent Effects in Organic Chemistry, VCH, Weinheim 1988.
- (1988) Solvents and Solvent Effects in Organic Chemistry
- Reichardt, C.¹

11
- 0000242180
- C.-T. Chen, S.-Y. Liao, K.-J. Lin, C.-H. Chen, T.-Y. J. Lin, Inorg. Chem. 1999, 38, 2734.
- (1999) Inorg. Chem , vol.38 , pp. 2734
- Chen, C.-T.¹ Liao, S.-Y.² Lin, K.-J.³ Chen, C.-H.⁴ Lin, T.-Y.J.⁵

12
- 18744409336
- T. Nakabayashi, Md. Wahadoszamen, N. Ohta, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 7041.
- (2005) J. Am. Chem. Soc , vol.127 , pp. 7041
- Nakabayashi, T.¹ Wahadoszamen, M.² Ohta, N.³

13
- 38949154680
- Crystal data for CHO: C38H25NO: Fw, 511.59, monoclinic, P21/c, Z, 4, F(000, 1072. Cell dimensions: a, 10.3824(2) Å, b, 28.2780(6) Å, c, 8.9198(2) Å, a, 90°, β=91.7920(10)°, y, 90°, V, 2617.51(10) Å3, 2θmax, 50.0°, ρ38, 1.298 g cm -3. Of 20425 reflections, 4628 were independent, 362 parameters, R (FO, 0.0301 (for reflections with 1 > 2σ(I, R w (FO, 0.0640 (for reflections with I > 2σ(I, The GoF on F2 was equal 0.854. Crystal data for 2CHO: C 51H34N2O2: Fw, 706.80, orthorhombic, Pbcn, Z, 4, F(000, 1480. Cell dimensions: a, 14.9404(4) Å, b, 11.3117(3) Å, c, 21.3320(6) Å, a, 90°, β, 90°, γ, 90°, V, 3605.14(17) Å3, 2θmax, 50.0°, ρcalcd
- 2 was equal 0.925. CCDC-645601 and CCDC-645602 contain the supplementary crystallographic data of CHO and 2CHO, respectively. These data can be obtained free of charge via www.ccd.cam.ac.uk/conts/retrieving.html (or from the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre, 12, Union Road, Cambridge CB21EZ, UK; fax: (+44)1223-336-033; or deposit@ccdc.cam.ac.uk).

14
- 38949136508
- The layer thickness of each OLED is described in Scheme 2 in the Experimental section.
- The layer thickness of each OLED is described in Scheme 2 in the Experimental section.

15
- 0035900508
- a) Y.-H. Kim, D.-C. Shin, S.-H. Kim, C.-H. Ko, H.-S. Yu, Y.S. Chae, S.-K. Kwon, Adv. Mater. 2001, 13, 1690.
- (2001) Adv. Mater , vol.13 , pp. 1690
- Kim, Y.-H.¹ Shin, D.-C.² Kim, S.-H.³ Ko, C.-H.⁴ Yu, H.-S.⁵ Chae, Y.S.⁶ Kwon, S.-K.⁷

16
- 0037024198
- b) L.-H. Chan, R.-H. Lee, C.-F. Hsieh, H.-C. Yeh, C.-T. Chen, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002, 124, 6469.
- (2002) J. Am. Chem. Soc , vol.124 , pp. 6469
- Chan, L.-H.¹ Lee, R.-H.² Hsieh, C.-F.³ Yeh, H.-C.⁴ Chen, C.-T.⁵

17
- 0036734716
- c) K. Danel, T.-H. Huang, J. T. Lin, Y.-T. Tao, C.-H. Chuen, Chem. Mater. 2002, 14, 3860.
- (2002) Chem. Mater , vol.14 , pp. 3860
- Danel, K.¹ Huang, T.-H.² Lin, J.T.³ Tao, Y.-T.⁴ Chuen, C.-H.⁵

18
- 79956010183
- d) J. Shi, C. W. Tang, Appl. Phys. Lett. 2002, 80, 3201.
- (2002) Appl. Phys. Lett , vol.80 , pp. 3201
- Shi, J.¹ Tang, C.W.²

19
- 0242441508
- e) M. Guan, Z. Q. Bian, Y. F. Zhou, F. Y. Li, Z. J. Li, C. H. Huang, Chem. Commun. 2003, 2708.
- (2003) Chem. Commun , pp. 2708
- Guan, M.¹ Bian, Z.Q.² Zhou, Y.F.³ Li, F.Y.⁴ Li, Z.J.⁵ Huang, C.H.⁶

20
- 0037897504
- f) K. R. J. Thomas, J. T. Lin, Y.-T. Tao, C.-H. Chien, Adv. Funct. Mater. 2003, 13, 445.
- (2003) Adv. Funct. Mater , vol.13 , pp. 445
- Thomas, K.R.J.¹ Lin, J.T.² Tao, Y.-T.³ Chien, C.-H.⁴

21
- 1542724644
- g) W.-J. Shen, R. Dodda, C.-C. Wu, F.-I. Wu, T.-H. Liu, H.-H. Chen, C. H. Chen, C.-F. Shu, Chem. Mater. 2004, 16, 930.
- (2004) Chem. Mater , vol.16 , pp. 930
- Shen, W.-J.¹ Dodda, R.² Wu, C.-C.³ Wu, F.-I.⁴ Liu, T.-H.⁵ Chen, H.-H.⁶ Chen, C.H.⁷ Shu, C.-F.⁸

22
- 2942699995
- h) C.-H. Chen, F.-I. Wu, C.-F. Shu, C.-H. Chien, Y.-T. Tao, J. Mater. Chem. 2004, 14, 1585.
- (2004) J. Mater. Chem , vol.14 , pp. 1585
- Chen, C.-H.¹ Wu, F.-I.² Shu, C.-F.³ Chien, C.-H.⁴ Tao, Y.-T.⁵

23
- 22844446691
- i) F.-I. Wu, C.-F. Shu, T.-T. Wang, E. W.-G. Diau, C.-H. Chien, C.-H. Chuen, Y.-T. Tao, Synth. Met. 2005, 151, 285.
- (2005) Synth. Met , vol.151 , pp. 285
- Wu, F.-I.¹ Shu, C.-F.² Wang, T.-T.³ Diau, E.W.-G.⁴ Chien, C.-H.⁵ Chuen, C.-H.⁶ Tao, Y.-T.⁷

24
- 27744492729
- j) K. R. J. Thomas, M. Velusamy, J. T. Lin, C.-H. Chien, Y.-T. Tao, J. Mater. Chem. 2005, 15, 4453.
- (2005) J. Mater. Chem , vol.15 , pp. 4453
- Thomas, K.R.J.¹ Velusamy, M.² Lin, J.T.³ Chien, C.-H.⁴ Tao, Y.-T.⁵

25
- 22644439401
- k) J. Y. Shen, C. Y. Lee, T.-H. Huang, J. T. Lin, Y.-T. Tao, C.-H. Chien, C. Tsai, J. Mater. Chem. 2005, 15, 2455.
- (2005) J. Mater. Chem , vol.15 , pp. 2455
- Shen, J.Y.¹ Lee, C.Y.² Huang, T.-H.³ Lin, J.T.⁴ Tao, Y.-T.⁵ Chien, C.-H.⁶ Tsai, C.⁷

26
- 28144462779
- l) F.-I. Wu, P.-I. Shih, M.-C. Yuan, A. K. Dixit, C.-F. Shu, Z.-M. Chung, E. W.-G. Diau, J. Mater. Chem. 2005, 15, 4753.
- (2005) J. Mater. Chem , vol.15 , pp. 4753
- Wu, F.-I.¹ Shih, P.-I.² Yuan, M.-C.³ Dixit, A.K.⁴ Shu, C.-F.⁵ Chung, Z.-M.⁶ Diau, E.W.-G.⁷

27
- 26844471349
- m) S. Tao, Z. Peng, X. Zhang, P. Wang, C.-S. Lee, S.-T. Lee, Adv. Funct. Mater. 2005, 15, 1716.
- (2005) Adv. Funct. Mater , vol.15 , pp. 1716
- Tao, S.¹ Peng, Z.² Zhang, X.³ Wang, P.⁴ Lee, C.-S.⁵ Lee, S.-T.⁶

28
- 31544481407
- n) X. R. Wang, J. S. Chen, H. Yiou, D. G. Ma, R. G. Sun, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Part 1 2005, 44, 8480.
- (2005) Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Part 1 , vol.44 , pp. 8480
- Wang, X.R.¹ Chen, J.S.² Yiou, H.³ Ma, D.G.⁴ Sun, R.G.⁵

29
- 33644701607
- o) R. J. Tseng, R. C. Chiechi, F. Wudl, Y. Yang, Appl. Phys Lett. 2006, 88, 093512.
- (2006) Appl. Phys Lett , vol.88 , pp. 093512
- Tseng, R.J.¹ Chiechi, R.C.² Wudl, F.³ Yang, Y.⁴

30
- 33646085102
- p) C. Tang, F. Liu, Y.-J. Xia, J. Lin, L.-H. Xie, G.-Y. Zhong, Q.-L. Fan, W. Huang, Org. Electron. 2006, 7, 155.
- (2006) Org. Electron , vol.7 , pp. 155
- Tang, C.¹ Liu, F.² Xia, Y.-J.³ Lin, J.⁴ Xie, L.-H.⁵ Zhong, G.-Y.⁶ Fan, Q.-L.⁷ Huang, W.⁸

31
- 32244443358
- q) R. C. Chiechi, R. J. Tseng, F. Marchioni, Y. Yang, R Wudl, Adv. Mater. 2006, 18, 325.
- (2006) Adv. Mater , vol.18 , pp. 325
- Chiechi, R.C.¹ Tseng, R.J.² Marchioni, F.³ Yang, Y.⁴ Wudl, R.⁵

32
- 33947262435
- r) H.-C. Li, Y.-P. Lin, R.-T. Chou, Y.-M. Cheng, R.-S. Liu, Adv. Funct. Mater. 2007, 17, 520.
- (2007) Adv. Funct. Mater , vol.17 , pp. 520
- Li, H.-C.¹ Lin, Y.-P.² Chou, R.-T.³ Cheng, Y.-M.⁴ Liu, R.-S.⁵

33
- 34248572498
- s) C. J. Tonzola, A. P. Kulkami, A. P. Gifford, W. Kaminsky, S. A. Jenekhe, Adv. Funct. Mater. 2007, 17, 863.
- (2007) Adv. Funct. Mater , vol.17 , pp. 863
- Tonzola, C.J.¹ Kulkami, A.P.² Gifford, A.P.³ Kaminsky, W.⁴ Jenekhe, S.A.⁵

34
- 0035855111
- a) Z. Y. Xie, L. S. Hung, S. T. Lee, Appl. Phys. Lett. 2001, 79, 1048.
- (2001) Appl. Phys. Lett , vol.79 , pp. 1048
- Xie, Z.Y.¹ Hung, L.S.² Lee, S.T.³

35
- 0035096343
- b) X. Q. Lin, B. J. Chen, X. H. Zhang, C. S. Lee, H. L. Kwong, S. T. Lee, Chem. Mater. 2001, 13, 456.
- (2001) Chem. Mater , vol.13 , pp. 456
- Lin, X.Q.¹ Chen, B.J.² Zhang, X.H.³ Lee, C.S.⁴ Kwong, H.L.⁵ Lee, S.T.⁶

36
- 0036085618
- c) K. R. J. Thomas, J. T. Lin, Y.-T. Tao, C.-H. Chuen, Chem. Mater. 2002, 14, 2796.
- (2002) Chem. Mater , vol.14 , pp. 2796
- Thomas, K.R.J.¹ Lin, J.T.² Tao, Y.-T.³ Chuen, C.-H.⁴

37
- 0036925576
- d) K. R. J. Thomas, J. T. Lin, Y.-T. Tao, C. H. Chuen, J. Mater. Chem. 2002, 12, 3516.
- (2002) J. Mater. Chem , vol.12 , pp. 3516
- Thomas, K.R.J.¹ Lin, J.T.² Tao, Y.-T.³ Chuen, C.H.⁴

38
- 38949181368
- e) K. R. J. Thomas, J. T. Lin, Y.-T. Tao, C. H. Chuen, J. Mater. Chem. 2002, 12, 3852.
- (2002) J. Mater. Chem , vol.12 , pp. 3852
- Thomas, K.R.J.¹ Lin, J.T.² Tao, Y.-T.³ Chuen, C.H.⁴

39
- 0038575841
- f) W.-F. Xie, C.-N. Li, S.-Y. Liu, Chin. Phys. Lett. 2003, 20, 956.
- (2003) Chin. Phys. Lett , vol.20 , pp. 956
- Xie, W.-F.¹ Li, C.-N.² Liu, S.-Y.³

40
- 10844269575
- g) T.-H. Liu, Y.-S. Wu, M.-T. Lee, H.-H.Chen, C.-H. Liao, C. H. Chen, Appl. Phys. Lett. 2004, 85, 4304.
- (2004) Appl. Phys. Lett , vol.85 , pp. 4304
- Liu, T.-H.¹ Wu, Y.-S.² Lee, M.-T.³ Chen, H.H.⁴ Liao, C.-H.⁵ Chen, C.H.⁶

41
- 38949113870
- h) H.-Y.Chen, Chi, Y. C.-S. Liu, J.-K. Yu, Y.-M. Cheng, K.-S. Chen, P.-T. Chou, S.-M. Peng, G.-H. Lee, A. J. Carty, S.-J. Yeh, C.-T. Chen, Adv. Mater. 2005, 17, 567.
- (2005) Adv. Mater , vol.17 , pp. 567
- Chen, H.-Y.¹ Chi² Liu, Y.C.-S.³ Yu, J.-K.⁴ Cheng, Y.-M.⁵ Chen, K.-S.⁶ Chou, P.-T.⁷ Peng, S.-M.⁸ Lee, G.-H.⁹ Carty, A.J.¹⁰ Yeh, S.-J.¹¹ Chen, C.-T.¹²

42
- 15244348792
- i) F. Nüesch, D. Berner, E. Tutiš, M. Schaer, C. Ma, X. Wang, B. Zhang, L. Zuppiroli, Adv. Funct. Mater. 2005, 15, 323.
- (2005) Adv. Funct. Mater , vol.15 , pp. 323
- Nüesch, F.¹ Berner, D.² Tutiš, E.³ Schaer, M.⁴ Ma, C.⁵ Wang, X.⁶ Zhang, B.⁷ Zuppiroli, L.⁸

43
- 33645309868
- j) J. Lee, Y.-Y. Yuan, Y. Kang, W.-L. Jia, Z.-H. Lu, S. Wang, Adv. Funct. Mater. 2006, 16, 681.
- (2006) Adv. Funct. Mater , vol.16 , pp. 681
- Lee, J.¹ Yuan, Y.-Y.² Kang, Y.³ Jia, W.-L.⁴ Lu, Z.-H.⁵ Wang, S.⁶

44
- 28044468659
- k) Y.-S. Wu, T.-H. Liu, H.-H. Chen, C. H. Chen, Thin Solid Films 2006, 496, 626.
- (2006) Thin Solid Films , vol.496 , pp. 626
- Wu, Y.-S.¹ Liu, T.-H.² Chen, H.-H.³ Chen, C.H.⁴

45
- 0031069035
- J. C. de Mello, H. F.Wittmann, R. H. Friend, Adv. Mater. 1997, 9, 230.
- (1997) Adv. Mater , vol.9 , pp. 230
- de Mello, J.C.¹ Wittmann, H.F.² Friend, R.H.³

46
- 0000189651
- A. D. Becke, J. Chem. Phys. 1993, 98, 5648.
- (1993) J. Chem. Phys , vol.98 , pp. 5648
- Becke, A.D.¹

47
- 1642335199
- A. Dreuw, M. Head-Gordon, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2004, 126, 4007.
- (2004) J. Am. Chem. Soc , vol.126 , pp. 4007
- Dreuw, A.¹ Head-Gordon, M.²

48
- 0001414996
- J. Kong, C. A. White, A. I. Krylov, C. D. Sherrill, R. D. Adamson, T. R. Furlani, M. S. Lee, A. M. Lee, S. R. Gwaltney, T. R. Adams, C. Ochsenfeld, A. T. B. Gilbert, G. S. Kedziora, V. A. Rassolov, D. R. Maurice, N. Nair, Y. Shao, N. A. Besley, P. E. Maslen, J. P. Dombroski, H. Daschel, W. Zhang, P. P. Korambath, J. Baker, E. R C. Byrd, T. Van Voorhis, M. Oumi, S. Hirata, C.-P. Hsu, N. Ishikawa, J. Florian, A. Warshel, B. G. Johnson, P. M. W. Gill, M. Head-Gordon, J. A. Pople, J. Comput. Chem. 2000, 21, 1532.
- J. Kong, C. A. White, A. I. Krylov, C. D. Sherrill, R. D. Adamson, T. R. Furlani, M. S. Lee, A. M. Lee, S. R. Gwaltney, T. R. Adams, C. Ochsenfeld, A. T. B. Gilbert, G. S. Kedziora, V. A. Rassolov, D. R. Maurice, N. Nair, Y. Shao, N. A. Besley, P. E. Maslen, J. P. Dombroski, H. Daschel, W. Zhang, P. P. Korambath, J. Baker, E. R C. Byrd, T. Van Voorhis, M. Oumi, S. Hirata, C.-P. Hsu, N. Ishikawa, J. Florian, A. Warshel, B. G. Johnson, P. M. W. Gill, M. Head-Gordon, J. A. Pople, J. Comput. Chem. 2000, 21, 1532.

49
- 38949178266
- G. M. Sheldrick, SHELXL-97, University of Göttingen, Germany 1997.
- G. M. Sheldrick, SHELXL-97, University of Göttingen, Germany 1997.

50
- 0141452964
- L. J. Farrugia, J. Appl. Crystallogr. 1999, 32, 837.
- (1999) J. Appl. Crystallogr , vol.32 , pp. 837
- Farrugia, L.J.¹

51
- 0041346110
- S. R. Forrest, D. D. C. Bradley, M. E. Thompson, Adv. Mater. 2003, 15, 1043.
- (2003) Adv. Mater , vol.15 , pp. 1043
- Forrest, S.R.¹ Bradley, D.D.C.² Thompson, M.E.³

52
- 0003424285
- Wiley, New York, NY
- G. Wyszecki, W. S. Stiles, Color Science: Concepts and Methods, Quantitative Data and Formulae, Wiley, New York, NY 1982, p. 259.
- (1982) Color Science: Concepts and Methods, Quantitative Data and Formulae , pp. 259
- Wyszecki, G.¹ Stiles, W.S.²

53
- 17444417830
- In this study, we estimated the HOMO energy level of the material by AC-2 measurement instead of cyclic voltammetry (CV). This is because the samples subjected to the measurement are in solid state for AC-2 rather than in solution for CV. Solid-state samples are consistent with the form in OLEDs. It is well-known now that the solution CVdetermined HOMO energy levels are different from those determined by solid-state photoemission spectroscopy, such as AC-2. B. W. D'Andrare, S. Datta, S. R. Forrest, P. Djurovich, E. Polikarpov, M. E. Thompson, Org. Electron. 2005, 6, 11.
- In this study, we estimated the HOMO energy level of the material by AC-2 measurement instead of cyclic voltammetry (CV). This is because the samples subjected to the measurement are in solid state for AC-2 rather than in solution for CV. Solid-state samples are consistent with the form in OLEDs. It is well-known now that the solution CVdetermined HOMO energy levels are different from those determined by solid-state photoemission spectroscopy, such as AC-2. B. W. D'Andrare, S. Datta, S. R. Forrest, P. Djurovich, E. Polikarpov, M. E. Thompson, Org. Electron. 2005, 6, 11.

* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.