메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 46, Issue 33, 2007, Pages 8095-8103

Complications to optical measurements using a laser with an unstable resonator: A case study on laser-induced incandescence of soot

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

NEODYMIUM COMPOUNDS; OPTICAL VARIABLES MEASUREMENT; Q SWITCHING; RESONATORS; SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS;

EID: 38849189348     PISSN: 1559128X     EISSN: 15394522     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1364/AO.46.008095     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (21)

References (47)
  • 1
    • 0042882121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental investigation and numerical simulation of the spatio-temporal dynamics of nanosecond pulses in Q-switched Nd:YAG lasers
    • G. Anstett, M. Nittmann, A. Borsutzky, and R. Wallenstein, "Experimental investigation and numerical simulation of the spatio-temporal dynamics of nanosecond pulses in Q-switched Nd:YAG lasers," Appl. Phys. B 76, 833-838 (2003).
    • (2003) Appl. Phys. B , vol.76 , pp. 833-838
    • Anstett, G.1    Nittmann, M.2    Borsutzky, A.3    Wallenstein, R.4
  • 2
    • 0003434416 scopus 로고
    • University Science Books
    • A. E. Siegman, Lasers (University Science Books, 1986).
    • (1986) Lasers
    • Siegman, A.E.1
  • 3
    • 0023980983 scopus 로고
    • Single transverse mode oscillation from an unstable resonator Nd:YAG laser using a variable reflectivity mirror
    • K. J. Snell, N. McCarthy, and M. Piché, "Single transverse mode oscillation from an unstable resonator Nd:YAG laser using a variable reflectivity mirror," Opt. Commun. 65, 377-382 (1988).
    • (1988) Opt. Commun , vol.65 , pp. 377-382
    • Snell, K.J.1    McCarthy, N.2    Piché, M.3
  • 4
    • 0022234465 scopus 로고
    • Large-size Gaussian mode in unstable resonators using Gaussian mirrors
    • N. McCarthy and P. Lavigne, "Large-size Gaussian mode in unstable resonators using Gaussian mirrors," Opt. Lett. 10, 553-555 (1985).
    • (1985) Opt. Lett , vol.10 , pp. 553-555
    • McCarthy, N.1    Lavigne, P.2
  • 7
    • 84975586058 scopus 로고
    • 2 of nanosecond pulses from a Q-switched variable-reflectivity-mirror Nd:YAG laser
    • 2 of nanosecond pulses from a Q-switched variable-reflectivity-mirror Nd:YAG laser," Opt. Lett. 17, 414-416 (1992).
    • (1992) Opt. Lett , vol.17 , pp. 414-416
    • Caprara, A.1    Reali, G.C.2
  • 8
    • 0003948355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Observation of a 100-MHz frequency variation across the output of a frequencydoubled injection-seeded unstable-resonator Q-switched Nd: YAG laser
    • J. N. Forkey, W. R. Lempert, and R. B. Miles, "Observation of a 100-MHz frequency variation across the output of a frequencydoubled injection-seeded unstable-resonator Q-switched Nd: YAG laser," Opt. Lett. 22, 230-232 (1997).
    • (1997) Opt. Lett , vol.22 , pp. 230-232
    • Forkey, J.N.1    Lempert, W.R.2    Miles, R.B.3
  • 9
    • 85072369409 scopus 로고
    • Soot distribution in a D. I. diesel engine using 2-D laser-induced incandescence imaging
    • J. E. Dec, A. O. zur Loye, and D. L. Siebers, "Soot distribution in a D. I. diesel engine using 2-D laser-induced incandescence imaging," SAE Trans. 100, 277-288 (1991).
    • (1991) SAE Trans , vol.100 , pp. 277-288
    • Dec, J.E.1    zur Loye, A.O.2    Siebers, D.L.3
  • 10
    • 85072486121 scopus 로고
    • Soot distribution in a D. I. diesel engine using 2-D imaging of laser-induced incandescence, elastic scattering, and flame luminosity
    • J. E. Dec, "Soot distribution in a D. I. diesel engine using 2-D imaging of laser-induced incandescence, elastic scattering, and flame luminosity," SAE Trans. 101, 101-112 (1992).
    • (1992) SAE Trans , vol.101 , pp. 101-112
    • Dec, J.E.1
  • 11
    • 85072445770 scopus 로고
    • Diesel engine combustion studies in a newly designed optical-access engine using high speed visualization and 2-D laser imaging
    • C. Espey and J. E. Dec, "Diesel engine combustion studies in a newly designed optical-access engine using high speed visualization and 2-D laser imaging," SAE Trans. 102, 703-723 (1993).
    • (1993) SAE Trans , vol.102 , pp. 703-723
    • Espey, C.1    Dec, J.E.2
  • 12
    • 85072410103 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative, planar soot measurements in a D. I. diesel engine using laserinduced incandescence and light scattering
    • SAE Paper No. 932650
    • J. A. Pinson, D. L. Mitchell, and R. J. Santoro, "Quantitative, planar soot measurements in a D. I. diesel engine using laserinduced incandescence and light scattering," Proc. SAE, SAE Paper No. 932650 (1993).
    • (1993) Proc. SAE
    • Pinson, J.A.1    Mitchell, D.L.2    Santoro, R.J.3
  • 13
    • 85072442771 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative imaging study of the effects of intake air temperature on soot evaluation in an optically-accessible D. I. diesel engine
    • J. A. Pinson, T. Ni, and T. A. Litzinger, "Quantitative imaging study of the effects of intake air temperature on soot evaluation in an optically-accessible D. I. diesel engine," SAE Trans. 103, 1773-1788 (1994).
    • (1994) SAE Trans , vol.103 , pp. 1773-1788
    • Pinson, J.A.1    Ni, T.2    Litzinger, T.A.3
  • 14
    • 85072411738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In-cylinder quantitative soot concentration measurement by laser-induced incandescence
    • K. Inagaki, S. Takasu, and K. Nakakita, "In-cylinder quantitative soot concentration measurement by laser-induced incandescence," SAE Trans. 108, 574-586 (1999).
    • (1999) SAE Trans , vol.108 , pp. 574-586
    • Inagaki, K.1    Takasu, S.2    Nakakita, K.3
  • 15
    • 85072444743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • D. Snelling, G. J. Smallwood, R. A. Sawchuk, W. S. Neill, D. Gareau, W. L. Chippior, F. Liu, and Ö. L. Guider, Particulate matter measurements in a diesel engine exhaust by laserinduced incandescence and the standard gravimetric procedure, SAE Trans. 108(4), 2156-2164 (1999).
    • D. Snelling, G. J. Smallwood, R. A. Sawchuk, W. S. Neill, D. Gareau, W. L. Chippior, F. Liu, and Ö. L. Guider, "Particulate matter measurements in a diesel engine exhaust by laserinduced incandescence and the standard gravimetric procedure," SAE Trans. 108(4), 2156-2164 (1999).
  • 16
    • 85072482926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • D. Snelling, G. J. Smallwood, R. A. Sawchuk, W. S. Neill, D. Gareau, D. J. Clavel, W. L. Chippior, F. Liu, Ö. L. Guider, and W. D. Bachalo, In situ real time characterization of particulate emissions from a diesel engine exhaust by laser-induced incandescence, SAE Trans. 109, 1914-1925 (2000).
    • D. Snelling, G. J. Smallwood, R. A. Sawchuk, W. S. Neill, D. Gareau, D. J. Clavel, W. L. Chippior, F. Liu, Ö. L. Guider, and W. D. Bachalo, "In situ real time characterization of particulate emissions from a diesel engine exhaust by laser-induced incandescence," SAE Trans. 109, 1914-1925 (2000).
  • 17
    • 85072486202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Real-time measurement of the volatile fraction of diesel particulate matter using laser-induced vaporization with elastic scattering (LIVES)
    • Ill
    • P. O. Witze, "Real-time measurement of the volatile fraction of diesel particulate matter using laser-induced vaporization with elastic scattering (LIVES)," SAE Trans. Ill, 661-672 (2002).
    • (2002) SAE Trans , pp. 661-672
    • Witze, P.O.1
  • 18
    • 0027710410 scopus 로고
    • PLIF imaging of fuel fraction in practical devices and LII imaging of soot
    • N. P. Tait and D. A. Greenhalgh, "PLIF imaging of fuel fraction in practical devices and LII imaging of soot," Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 97, 1619-1625 (1993).
    • (1993) Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem , vol.97 , pp. 1619-1625
    • Tait, N.P.1    Greenhalgh, D.A.2
  • 19
    • 0028494331 scopus 로고
    • Time-delayed detection of laser-induced incandescence for the two-dimensional visualization of soot in flames
    • F. Cignoli, S. Benecchi, and G. Zizak, "Time-delayed detection of laser-induced incandescence for the two-dimensional visualization of soot in flames," Appl. Opt. 33, 5778-5782 (1994).
    • (1994) Appl. Opt , vol.33 , pp. 5778-5782
    • Cignoli, F.1    Benecchi, S.2    Zizak, G.3
  • 20
    • 0028530031 scopus 로고
    • Laser-induced incandescence: Development and characterization towards a measurement of soot volume fraction
    • R. L. Vander Wal and K. J. Weiland, "Laser-induced incandescence: development and characterization towards a measurement of soot volume fraction," Appl. Phys. B 59, 445-452 (1994).
    • (1994) Appl. Phys. B , vol.59 , pp. 445-452
    • Vander Wal, R.L.1    Weiland, K.J.2
  • 21
    • 84975590958 scopus 로고
    • Two-dimensional imaging of soot volume fraction by the use of laser-induced incandescence
    • T. Ni, J. A. Pinson, S. Gupta, and R. J. Santoro, "Two-dimensional imaging of soot volume fraction by the use of laser-induced incandescence," Appl. Opt. 34, 7083-7091 (1995).
    • (1995) Appl. Opt , vol.34 , pp. 7083-7091
    • Ni, T.1    Pinson, J.A.2    Gupta, S.3    Santoro, R.J.4
  • 22
    • 0030560655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Laser-induced incandescence measurements of soot production in steady and flickering methane, propane, and ethylene diffusion flames
    • C. R. Shaddix and K. C. Smyth, "Laser-induced incandescence measurements of soot production in steady and flickering methane, propane, and ethylene diffusion flames," Combust. Flame 107, 418-452 (1996).
    • (1996) Combust. Flame , vol.107 , pp. 418-452
    • Shaddix, C.R.1    Smyth, K.C.2
  • 23
    • 0033325016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statistical analysis of soot volume fractions, particle number densities and particle radii in a turbulent diffusion flame
    • H. Geitlinger, T. Streibel, R. Suntz, and H. Bockhorn, "Statistical analysis of soot volume fractions, particle number densities and particle radii in a turbulent diffusion flame," Combust. Sci. Technol. 149, 115-134 (1999).
    • (1999) Combust. Sci. Technol , vol.149 , pp. 115-134
    • Geitlinger, H.1    Streibel, T.2    Suntz, R.3    Bockhorn, H.4
  • 24
    • 0000464466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative investigation of soot distribution by laser-induced incandescence
    • D. J. Bryce, N. Ladommatos, and H. Zhao, "Quantitative investigation of soot distribution by laser-induced incandescence," Appl. Opt. 39, 5012-5022 (2000).
    • (2000) Appl. Opt , vol.39 , pp. 5012-5022
    • Bryce, D.J.1    Ladommatos, N.2    Zhao, H.3
  • 25
    • 0034802231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Laser-induced incandescence for soot particle size and volume fraction measurements using on-line extinction calibration
    • B. Axelsson, R. Collin, and P.-E. Bengtsson, "Laser-induced incandescence for soot particle size and volume fraction measurements using on-line extinction calibration," Appl. Phys. B 72, 367-372 (2001).
    • (2001) Appl. Phys. B , vol.72 , pp. 367-372
    • Axelsson, B.1    Collin, R.2    Bengtsson, P.-E.3
  • 26
    • 0036001318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Laser-induced incandescence and Raman measurements in sooting methane and ethylene flames
    • T. Schittkowski, B. Mewes, and D. Brüggemann, "Laser-induced incandescence and Raman measurements in sooting methane and ethylene flames," Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 4, 2063-2071 (2002).
    • (2002) Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys , vol.4 , pp. 2063-2071
    • Schittkowski, T.1    Mewes, B.2    Brüggemann, D.3
  • 28
    • 33847152667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • J. P. Schwarz, R. S. Gao, D. W. Fahey, D. S. Thomson, L. A. Watts, J. C. Wilson, J. M. Reeves, M. Darbehshti, D. G. Baumgardner, G. L. Kok, S. H. Chung, M. Schulz, J. Hendricks, A. Lauer, B. Kärcher, J. G. Slowik, K. H. Rosenlof, T. L. Thompson, A. O. Langford, M. Loewenstein, and K. C. Aikin, Single-particle measurements of midlatitude black carbon and light-scattering aerosols from the boundary layer to the lower stratosphere, J. Geophys. Res. Ill, D16207 (2006).
    • J. P. Schwarz, R. S. Gao, D. W. Fahey, D. S. Thomson, L. A. Watts, J. C. Wilson, J. M. Reeves, M. Darbehshti, D. G. Baumgardner, G. L. Kok, S. H. Chung, M. Schulz, J. Hendricks, A. Lauer, B. Kärcher, J. G. Slowik, K. H. Rosenlof, T. L. Thompson, A. O. Langford, M. Loewenstein, and K. C. Aikin, "Single-particle measurements of midlatitude black carbon and light-scattering aerosols from the boundary layer to the lower stratosphere," J. Geophys. Res. Ill, D16207 (2006).
  • 29
    • 84962610052 scopus 로고
    • Two-dimensional sootparticle sizing by time-resolved laser-induced incandescence
    • S. Will, S. Schraml, and A. Leipertz, "Two-dimensional sootparticle sizing by time-resolved laser-induced incandescence," Opt. Lett. 20, 2342-2344 (1995).
    • (1995) Opt. Lett , vol.20 , pp. 2342-2344
    • Will, S.1    Schraml, S.2    Leipertz, A.3
  • 30
    • 0003267237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Performance characteristics of soot primary particle size measurements by time-resolved laser-induced incandescence
    • S. Will, S. Schraml, K. Bader, and A. Leipertz, "Performance characteristics of soot primary particle size measurements by time-resolved laser-induced incandescence," Appl. Opt. 37, 5647-5658 (1998).
    • (1998) Appl. Opt , vol.37 , pp. 5647-5658
    • Will, S.1    Schraml, S.2    Bader, K.3    Leipertz, A.4
  • 31
    • 0000654298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soot volume fraction and particle size measurements with laser-induced incandescence
    • B. Mewes and J. M. Seitzman, "Soot volume fraction and particle size measurements with laser-induced incandescence," Appl. Opt. 36, 709-717 (1997).
    • (1997) Appl. Opt , vol.36 , pp. 709-717
    • Mewes, B.1    Seitzman, J.M.2
  • 32
    • 0029874116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In situ ultrafine particle sizing by a combination of pulsed laser heatup and particle thermal emission
    • P. Roth and A. V. Filippov, "In situ ultrafine particle sizing by a combination of pulsed laser heatup and particle thermal emission," J. Aerosol. Sci. 27, 95-104 (1996).
    • (1996) J. Aerosol. Sci , vol.27 , pp. 95-104
    • Roth, P.1    Filippov, A.V.2
  • 33
    • 0032890298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In situ characterization of ultrafine particles by laser-induced incandescence: Sizing and particle structure determination
    • A. V. Filippov, M. W. Markus, and P. Roth, "In situ characterization of ultrafine particles by laser-induced incandescence: sizing and particle structure determination," J. Aerosol Sci. 30, 71-87 (1999).
    • (1999) J. Aerosol Sci , vol.30 , pp. 71-87
    • Filippov, A.V.1    Markus, M.W.2    Roth, P.3
  • 34
    • 0034695316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soot temperature measurements and implications for timeresolved laser-induced incandescence (TIRE-LII)
    • S. Schraml, S. Dankers, K. Bader, S. Will, and A. Leipertz, "Soot temperature measurements and implications for timeresolved laser-induced incandescence (TIRE-LII)," Combust. Flame 120, 439-450 (2000).
    • (2000) Combust. Flame , vol.120 , pp. 439-450
    • Schraml, S.1    Dankers, S.2    Bader, K.3    Will, S.4    Leipertz, A.5
  • 35
    • 0036501239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A possible radiative model for micronic carbonaceous particle sizing based on time-resolved laser-induced incandescence
    • C. Allouis, F. Rosano, F. Beretta, and A. D'Alessio, "A possible radiative model for micronic carbonaceous particle sizing based on time-resolved laser-induced incandescence," Meas. Sci. Technol. 13, 401-410 (2002).
    • (2002) Meas. Sci. Technol , vol.13 , pp. 401-410
    • Allouis, C.1    Rosano, F.2    Beretta, F.3    D'Alessio, A.4
  • 36
    • 0041464761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Size distributions of nanoscaled particles and gas temperatures from time-resolved laser-induced incandescence measurements
    • T. Lehre, B. Jungfleisch, R. Suntz, and H. Bockhorn, "Size distributions of nanoscaled particles and gas temperatures from time-resolved laser-induced incandescence measurements," Appl. Opt. 42, 2021-2030 (2003).
    • (2003) Appl. Opt , vol.42 , pp. 2021-2030
    • Lehre, T.1    Jungfleisch, B.2    Suntz, R.3    Bockhorn, H.4
  • 37
    • 21444452263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of laser-induced incandescence method with scanning mobility particle sizer technique: The influence of probe sampling and laser heating on soot particle size distribution
    • V. Krüger, C. Wahl, R. Hadef, K. P. Geigle, W. Stricker, and M. Aigner, "Comparison of laser-induced incandescence method with scanning mobility particle sizer technique: the influence of probe sampling and laser heating on soot particle size distribution," Meas. Sci. Technol. 16, 1477-1486 (2005).
    • (2005) Meas. Sci. Technol , vol.16 , pp. 1477-1486
    • Krüger, V.1    Wahl, C.2    Hadef, R.3    Geigle, K.P.4    Stricker, W.5    Aigner, M.6
  • 38
    • 33748974192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two-color time-resolved LII applied to soot particle sizing in the cylinder of a diesel engine
    • B. F. Kock, B. Tribalet, C. Schulz, and P. Roth, "Two-color time-resolved LII applied to soot particle sizing in the cylinder of a diesel engine," Combust. Flame 147, 79-92 (2006).
    • (2006) Combust. Flame , vol.147 , pp. 79-92
    • Kock, B.F.1    Tribalet, B.2    Schulz, C.3    Roth, P.4
  • 39
    • 0038549728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Laser-Induced Incandescence
    • K. KohseHöinghaus, and J. B. Jeffries, eds, Taylor and Francis
    • R. J. Santoro and C. R. Shaddix, "Laser-Induced Incandescence," in Applied Combustion Diagnostics, K. KohseHöinghaus, and J. B. Jeffries, eds. (Taylor and Francis, 2002), pp. 252-286.
    • (2002) Applied Combustion Diagnostics , pp. 252-286
    • Santoro, R.J.1    Shaddix, C.R.2
  • 41
    • 0001679546 scopus 로고
    • Soot particle measurements in diffusion flames
    • R. J. Santoro, H. G. Semerjian, and R. A. Dobbins, "Soot particle measurements in diffusion flames," Combust. Flame 51, 203-218 (1983).
    • (1983) Combust. Flame , vol.51 , pp. 203-218
    • Santoro, R.J.1    Semerjian, H.G.2    Dobbins, R.A.3
  • 42
    • 0023310887 scopus 로고
    • Soot particle formation in laminar diffusion flames
    • R. J. Santoro and J. H. Miller, "Soot particle formation in laminar diffusion flames," Langmuir 3, 244-254 (1987).
    • (1987) Langmuir , vol.3 , pp. 244-254
    • Santoro, R.J.1    Miller, J.H.2
  • 43
    • 0028457182 scopus 로고
    • Spatially resolved measurements of soot volume fraction using laserinduced incandescence
    • B. Quay, T.-W. Lee, T. Ni, and R. J. Santoro, "Spatially resolved measurements of soot volume fraction using laserinduced incandescence," Combust. Flame 97, 384-392 (1994).
    • (1994) Combust. Flame , vol.97 , pp. 384-392
    • Quay, B.1    Lee, T.-W.2    Ni, T.3    Santoro, R.J.4
  • 44
    • 33646767780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Laser-induced incandescence of flame-generated soot on a picosecond time scale
    • H. A. Michelsen, "Laser-induced incandescence of flame-generated soot on a picosecond time scale," Appl. Phys. B 83, 443-448 (2006).
    • (2006) Appl. Phys. B , vol.83 , pp. 443-448
    • Michelsen, H.A.1
  • 45
    • 0037870363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Laser-induced incandescence: Detection issues
    • R. L. Vander Wal, "Laser-induced incandescence: detection issues," Appl. Opt. 35, 6548-6559 (1996).
    • (1996) Appl. Opt , vol.35 , pp. 6548-6559
    • Vander Wal, R.L.1
  • 46
    • 15544375099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two-color laser-induced incandescence and cavity ring-down spectroscopy of sensitive and quantitative imaging of soot and PAHs in flames
    • C. Schoemaecker Moreau, E. Therssen, X. Mercier, J. F. Pauwels, and P. Desgroux, "Two-color laser-induced incandescence and cavity ring-down spectroscopy of sensitive and quantitative imaging of soot and PAHs in flames," Appl. Phys. B 78, 485-492 (2004).
    • (2004) Appl. Phys. B , vol.78 , pp. 485-492
    • Schoemaecker Moreau, C.1    Therssen, E.2    Mercier, X.3    Pauwels, J.F.4    Desgroux, P.5
  • 47
    • 12844282877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simultaneous planar laser-induced incandescence, OH planar laser-induced fluorescence, and droplet Mie scattering in swirl-stabilized spray flames
    • T. R. Meyer, S. Roy, V. M. Belovich, E. Corporan, and J. R. Gord, "Simultaneous planar laser-induced incandescence, OH planar laser-induced fluorescence, and droplet Mie scattering in swirl-stabilized spray flames," Appl. Opt. 44, 445-454 (2005).
    • (2005) Appl. Opt , vol.44 , pp. 445-454
    • Meyer, T.R.1    Roy, S.2    Belovich, V.M.3    Corporan, E.4    Gord, J.R.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.