Chemical, Thermal, and Biological Ocular Exposures

Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America

Volumn 26, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 125-136

  Spector, Jordan ^a,b   Fernandez, William G ^a  

^a BOSTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b ALBERT EINSTEIN MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALKALI; ANALGESIC AGENT; ANESTHETIC AGENT; CORTICOSTEROID; CYANOACRYLATE; CYCLOPENTOLATE; DEXAMETHASONE; ERYTHROMYCIN; HYDROFLUORIC ACID; NONSTEROID ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; PREDNISOLONE; PROXYMETACAINE; TETRACYCLINE;

ANALGESIA; CHEMICAL BURN; CHEMICAL ENVIRONMENT; CHEMICAL INJURY; DISEASE SEVERITY; EMERGENCY WARD; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; EYE INJURY; EYE SURGERY; HUMAN; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PLASTIC SURGERY; PREVENTION AND CONTROL; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RADIATION EXPOSURE; RADIATION INJURY; REVIEW; THERMAL EXPOSURE; THERMAL INJURY;

EID: 38849173185     PISSN: 07338627     EISSN: 07338627     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.emc.2007.11.002     Document Type: Review

References (35)

1. Schrage N.F., Langefeld S., Zschocke J., et al. Eye burns: an emergency and continuing problem. Burns 26 8 (2000) 689-699
2. Xiang H., Stallones L., Chen G., et al. Work-related eye injuries treated in hospital emergency departments in the US. Am J Ind Med 48 1 (2005) 57-62
3. Wagoner M.D. Chemical injuries of the eye: current concepts in pathophysiology and therapy. Surv Ophthalmol 41 4 (1997) 275-313
4. Farjo A.A., and Soong H.K. Corneal epithelium. In: Yanoff M., and Duker J.S. (Eds). Ophthalmology. 2nd edition (2004), Mosby, St. Louis (MO) 413-420
5. Charukamnoetkanok P., and Wagoner M. Facial and ocular injuries associated with methamphetamine production accidents. Am J Ophthalmol 138 5 (2004) 875-876
6. Belin M.W., Catalano R.A., and Scott J.L. Burns of the eye. In: Catalano R.A., and Belin M.W. (Eds). Ocular emergencies (1992), WB Saunders, Philadelphia 179-196
7. Salzman M., and O'Malley R.N. Updates on the evaluation and management of caustic exposures. Emerg Med Clin North Am 25 2 (2007) 459-476
8. Su M. Hydrofluoric acid and fluorides. In: Flomenbaum N.E., Goldfrank L.R., Hoffman R.S., et al. (Eds). Goldfrank's toxicologic emergencies. 8th edition (2002), McGraw-Hill Medical Publishing Division, New York 1417-1423
9. Fisher A.A. Reactions to cyanoacrylate adhesives: instant glue. Cutis 35 (1985) 18-24
10. Patel KC, Hussain U, Zia R. Cyanoacrylate injuries in the eye: a review of management. 2007. Available at: http://www.karnesh.com/downloads/documents/articles/cyanoacrylate.pdf. Accessed October 8, 2007.
11. Derespinis P.A. Cyanoacrylate nail glue mistaken for eye drops. JAMA 263 17 (1990) 2301
12. McClean C.J. Ocular superglue injury. J Accid Emerg Med 14 1 (1997) 40-41
13. Rihawi S., Frentz M., Becker J., et al. The consequences of delayed intervention when treating chemical eye burns. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 245 10 (2007) 1507-1513
14. Rihawi S., Frentz M., and Schrage N.F. Emergency treatment of eye burns: Which rinsing solution should we choose. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 244 7 (2006) 845-854
15. Ikeda N., Hayasaka S., Hayasaka Y., et al. Alkali burns of the eye: effect of immediate copious irrigation with tap water on their severity. Ophthalmologica 220 4 (2006) 225-228
16. Hall A.H., and Maibach H.I. Water decontamination of chemical skin/eye splashes: a critical review. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 25 2 (2006) 67-83
17. Grant W.M., and Schuman J.S. Treatment of chemical burns of the eye. In: Grant W.M., and Schulman J.S. (Eds). Toxicology of the eye. 4th edition (1993), Thomas Books, Springfield (MA)
18. Bertolini J.C. Hydrofluoric acid: a review of toxicity. J Emerg Med 10 2 (1992) 163-168
19. Bentur Y., Tannenbaum S., Yaffe Y., et al. The role of calcium gluconate in the treatment of hydrofluoric acid eye burn. Ann Emerg Med 22 9 (1993) 1488-1490
20. Chen A.I., Reenstra-Buras W.R., Rosen C., et al. Burns, occular. Emedicine (2006). http://www.emedicine.com/emerg/topic736.htm Accessed August 9, 2007
21. Kaiser P.K. A comparison of pressure patching versus no patching for corneal abrasions due to trauma or foreign body removal. Corneal Abrasion Patching Study Group. Ophthalmology 102 12 (1995) 1936-1942
22. Flynn C.A., D'Amico F., and Smith G. Should we patch corneal abrasions? A meta-analysis. J Fam Pract 47 4 (1998) 264-270
23. Le Sage N., Verreault R., and Rochette L. Efficacy of eye patching for traumatic corneal abrasions: a controlled clinical trial. Ann Emerg Med 38 2 (2001) 129-134
24. Stern J.D., Goldfarb I.W., and Slater H. Ophthalmological complications as a manifestation of burn injury. Burns 22 2 (1996) 135-136
25. Schubert W., Ahrenholz D.H., and Solem L.D. Burns from hot oil and grease: a public health hazard. J Burn Care Rehabil 11 6 (1990) 558-562
26. Allen S.R., and Kagan R.J. Grease fryers: a significant danger to children. J Burn Care Rehabil 25 5 (2004) 456-460
27. Pham T.N., and Gibran N.S. Thermal and electrical injuries. Surg Clin North Am 87 1 (2007) 185-206
28. Taylor H.R. The biological effects of UV-B on the eye. Photochem Photobiol 50 4 (1989) 489-492
29. Roberts J.E. Ocular phototoxicity. J Photochem Photobiol B 64 2-3 (2001) 136-143
30. Brozen R., and Fromm C. Ultraviolet keratitis. Emedicine (2006). http://www.emedicine.com/EMERG/topic759.htm Accessed August 9, 2007
31. Szucs P.A., Nashed A.H., Allegra J.R., et al. Safety and efficacy of diclofenac ophthalmic solution in the treatment of corneal abrasions. Ann Emerg Med 35 2 (2000) 131-137
32. Weaver C.S., and Terrell K.M. Evidence-based emergency medicine. Update: Do ophthalmic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs reduce the pain associated with simple corneal abrasions without delayed healing?. Ann Emerg Med 41 1 (2003) 134-140
33. Carley F., and Carley S. Towards evidence based emergency medicine: best BETs from the Manchester Royal Infirmary. Mydriatics in corneal abrasion. Emerg Med J 18 4 (2001) 273
34. Zaleznik D. Patient information: blood and body fluid exposure. 2007. Available at: http://patients.uptodate.com/topic.asp?file=inf_immu/8025. Accessed October 18, 2007.
35. CDC. Exposure to blood: what healthcare personnel need to know. 2003. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dhqp/pdf/bbp/Exp_to_Blood.pdf. Accessed October 18, 2007.