Trampling tolerance of understorey vegetation in different hemiboreal urban forest site types in Finland

Urban Ecosystems

Volumn 11, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 1-16

  Malmivaara Lämsä, Minna ^a   Hamberg, Leena ^a   Löfström, Irja ^a   Vanha Majamaa, Ilkka ^a   Niemelä, Jari ^b  

^a FINNISH FOREST RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Finland)

^b UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI   (Finland)

Author keywords

Boreal forest vegetation; Recreational use; Trampling tolerance; Urban woodlands; Wear

Indexed keywords

BRYOPHYTA; SORBUS; SORBUS AUCUPARIA; VACCINIUM VITIS-IDAEA;

EID: 38849150949     PISSN: 10838155     EISSN: 15731642     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11252-007-0046-3     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. Ahti T, Hämet-Ahti L, Jalas J (1968) Vegetation zones and their sections in northwestern Europe. Ann Bot Fenn 5:169-211
2. Andren H, Angelstam P (1993) Moose browsing on Scots Pine in relation to stand size and distance to forest edge. J Appl Ecol 30(1):133-142
3. Arnberger A (2006) Recreation use of urban forests: An inter-area comparison. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening 4:135-144
4. Bobbink R, Hornung M, Roelofs JGM (1998) The effects of air-borne nitrogen pollutants on species diversity in natural and semi-natural European vegetation. J Ecol 86:717-738
5. Busby JR, Bliss LC, Hamilton CD (1978) Microclimate control of growth rate and habitats of the boreal forest mosses, Tomenthypnum nitens and Hylocomium splendens. Ecol Monogr 48:95-110
6. Cajander AK (1926) The theory of forest types. Acta For Fenn 29(3):108 pp
7. Callaghan TV, Collins NJ, Callaghan CH (1978) Photosynthesis, growth and reproduction of Hylocomium splendens and Polytrichum commune in Swedish Lapland. Oikos 31:73-88
8. Chen J, Franklin JF, Spies TA (1993) Contrasting microclimates among clearcut, edge and interior of old-growth Douglas-fir forest. Agric For Meteorol 63:219-237
9. Cole DN (1987) Effects of three seasons of experimental trampling on five montane forest communities and a grassland in Western Montana, USA. Biol Conserv 40:219-244
10. Cole DN (1995) Experimental trampling of vegetation. II. Predictors of resistance and resilience. J Veg Sci 32(1):215-224
11. Cole DN, Bayfield NG (1993) Recreational trampling of vegetation: standard experimental procedures. Biol Conserv 63:209-215
12. Dirkse GM, Martakis GFP (1992) Effects of fertilizer on bryophytes in Swedish experiments on forest fertilization. Biol Conserv 59:155-161
13. Florgård C (2000) Long-term changes in indigenous vegetation preserved in urban areas. Landscape Urban Planning 52:101-116
14. Florgård C, Forsberg O (2006) Residents' use of remnant natural vegetation in the residential area of Järvafältet, Stockholm. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening 5(2):83-92
15. Guirado M, Pino J, Rodà F (2006) Understorey plant species richness and composition in metropolitan forest archipelagos: effects of forest size, adjacent land use and distance to the edge. Global Ecol Biogeogr 15:50-62
16. Gundersen V, Frivold LH, Löfström I, Jørgensen BB, Falck J, Oyen B-H (2005) Urban woodland management - the case of 13 major Nordic cities. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening 3:189-202
17. Hamberg L, Lehvävirta S, Malmivaara-Lämsä M, Rita H, Kotze DJ (2008) The effects of habitat edges and trampling on understorey vegetation in urban forests in Helsinki, Finland. Appl Veg Sci (in press)
18. Hammitt WE, Cole DN (1998) Wildland recreation: ecology and management. John Wiley and Sons, New York, 361 pp
19. Hautala H, Tolvanen A, Nuortila C (2001) Regeneration strategies of dominant boreal forest dwarf shrubs in response to selective removal of understorey layers. J Veg Sci 12:503-510
20. Hämet-Ahti L, Suominen J, Ulvinen T, Uotila P (eds) (1998) Retkeilykasvio [Field flora of Finland]. Finnish Museum of Natural History, Botanical Museum, Helsinki
21. Hiirsalmi H (1969) Trientalis europaea L.: a study of the reproductive biology, ecology and variation in Finland. Ann Bot Fenn 6:119-173
22. Huggard DJ, Vyse A (2002) Edge effects in high-elevation forests at Sicamous Creek. Silviculture. Extension note 62, 1-8. Ministry of Forests, Forest Science Program, British Columbia
23. Jaatinen E (1973) Recreational use of Helsinki's forests. Folia For 186
24. Jonsson BG (1993) The bryophyte diaspore bank and its role after small-scale disturbance in a boreal forest. J Veg Sci 4:819-826
25. Kellomäki S (1973) Ground cover response to trampling in a spruce stand of Myrtillus type (in Finnish with English summary). Silva Fenn 7(2):96-113
26. Kellomäki S (1977) Deterioration of forest ground cover during trampling. Silva Fenn 11(3):153-161
27. Kellomäki S, Saastamoinen V-L (1975) Trampling tolerance of forest vegetation. Acta For Fenn 147:1-22
28. Kellomäki S, Wuorenrinne H (1979) On factors effecting on deterioration of urban forests (in Finnish with English summary). Silva Fenn 13(2):177-183
29. Koponen T (1994) Lehtisammalten määritysopas [Moss identification guide]. Helsingin yliopiston kasvitieteen laitoksen monisteita 139, Helsinki
30. Kullman L (1986) Temporal and spatial aspects of subalpine populations of Sorbus aucuparia in Sweden. Ann Bot Fenn 23:267-275
31. Kuuluvainen T (1994) Gap disturbance, ground microtopography, and the regeneration dynamics of boreal coniferous forests in Finland: a review. Ann Zool Fenn 31:35-51
32. Kuusipalo J (1983) Distribution of vegetation on mesic forest sites in relation to some characteristics of the tree stand and soil fertility. Silva Fenn 17(4):403-418
33. Kuusipalo J (1985) An ecological study of upland forest site classification in southern Finland. Acta For Fenn 192:1-77
34. Kuusipalo J (1996) Suomen metsätyypit [Forest site types of Finland]. Kirjayhtymä, Helsinki
35. Lahti T, Väisänen RA (1987) Ecological gradients of boreal forests in South Finland: an ordination test of Cajander's forest site type theory. Vegetatio 68:145-156
36. Lehtilä K, Syrjänen K (1995) Compensatory responses of two Melampyrum species after damage. Funct Ecol 9:511-517
37. Lehvävirta S (1999) Structural elements as barriers against wear in urban woodlands. Urban Ecosyst 3:45-56
38. Lehvävirta S, Rita H (2002) Natural regeneration of trees in urban woodlands. J Veg Sci 13:57-66
39. Liddle MJ (1975) A theoretical relationship between the primary productivity of vegetation and its ability to tolerate trampling. Biol Conserv 8:251-255
40. Liddle MJ (1997) Recreation ecology: The ecological impact of outdoor recreation and ecotourism. Chapman & Hall, London
41. Littlemore J, Barker S (2003) The ecological response of forest ground flora and soils to experimental trampling in British urban woodlands. Urban Ecosyst 5:257-276
42. Malmivaara-Lämsä M, Fritze H (2003) Effects of wear and above ground forest site type characteristics on the soil microbial community structure in an urban setting. Plant Soil 256:187-203
43. Malmivaara M, Löfström I, Vanha-Majamaa I (2002) Anthropogenic effects on understorey vegetation in Myrtillus type urban forests in southern Finland. Silva Fenn 36(1):367-381
44. Mäkipää R (2000a) Pleurozium schreberi. In: Reinikainen A, Mäkipää R, Vanha-Majamaa I, Hotanen J-P (eds) Kasvit muuttuvassa metsäluonnossa [Changes in the frequency and abundance of forest and mire plants in Finland since 1950], Tammi, Helsinki, pp 251-253
45. Mäkipää R (2000b) Hylocomium splendens. In: Reinikainen A, Mäkipää R, Vanha-Majamaa I, Hotanen J-P (eds) Kasvit muuttuvassa metsäluonnossa [Changes in the frequency and abundance of forest and mire plants in Finland since 1950], Tammi, Helsinki, pp 248-250
46. Mäkipää R (2000c) Brachythecium-suku. In: Reinikainen A, Mäkipää R, Vanha-Majamaa I, Hotanen J-P (eds) Kasvit muuttuvassa metsäluonnossa [Changes in the frequency and abundance of forest and mire plants in Finland since 1950], Tammi, Helsinki, pp 238-239
47. Mikola P (1985) The effect of tree species on the biological properties of forest soil. National Swedish Environmental Protection Board, Rapport 3017, 27 pp
48. Nylund M, Nylund L, Kellomäki S, Haapanen A (1979) Deterioration of forest ground vegetation and decrease of radial growth of trees on camping sites. Silva Fenn 13(4):343-356
49. R Development Core Team (2005) R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. ISBN 3-900051-07-0, URL http://www.R-project.org
50. Roovers P, Verheyen K, Hermy M, Gulinck H (2004) Experimental trampling and vegetation recovery in some common forest and heath communities. Appl Veg Sci 7:111-118
51. Rydgren K, Hestmark G, Okland R (1998) Revegetation following experimental disturbance in a boreal old-growth Picea abies forest. J Veg Sci 9:763-776
52. Sievänen T (1987) Experiences of forest recreation in another culture: A comparison between Finland and Minnesota. Scand For Econ 29:49-56
53. Thimonier A, Dupouey JL, Timbal J (1992) Floristic changes in the herb-layer vegetation of a deciduous forest in the Lorraine Plain under the influence of atmospheric deposition. For Ecol Manag 55:149-167
54. Tolvanen A, Laine K (1997) Effects of reproduction and artificial herbivory on vegetative growth and resource levels in deciduous and evergreen dwarf shrubs. Can J Bot 75:656-666
55. Tolvanen A, Forbes B, Rytkönen K, Laine K (2001) Regeneration of dominant plants after short-term pedestrian trampling in subarctic plant communities. In: FE Wielgolaski (ed) Nordic mountain birch ecosystems, pp 359-368. Man and the Biosphere Series Volume 27, UNESCO, Paris, and Parthenon Publishing, Carnforth
56. Tonteri T (2000) Melampyrum pratense. In: Reinikainen A, Mäkipää R, Vanha-Majamaa I, Hotanen J-P (eds) Kasvit muuttuvassa metsäluonnossa [Changes in the frequency and abundance of forest and mire plants in Finland since 1950]. Tammi, Helsinki, pp 202-204
57. Tonteri T, Hotanen J-P, Mäkipää R, Nousiainen H, Reinikainen A, Tamminen M (2005) Metsäkasvit kasvupaikoillaan- kasvupaikkatyypin, kasvillisuusvyöhykkeen, puuston kehitysluokan ja puulajin yhteys kasvilajien runsaussuhteisiin [Forest plants and forest site types]. Metsäntutkimuslaitoksen tiedonantoja 946:1-106
58. Tyrväinen L, Silvennoinen H, Kolehmainen O (2003) Ecological and aesthetic values in urban forest management. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening 1:135-149
59. Wade TG, Riitters KH, Wickham JD, Jones KB (2003) Distribution and causes of global forest fragmentation. Conserv Ecol 7(2):7. [online] URL: http://www.consecol.org/vol7/iss2/art7/
60. Weathers KC, Cadenasso ML, Pickett STA (2001) Forest edges as nutrient and pollutant concentrators: potential synergisms between fragmentation, forest canopies, and the atmosphere. Conserv Biol 15:1506-1514
61. Zerbe S (2001) On the ecology of Sorbus aucuparia (Rosaceae) with special regard to germination, establishment and growth. Polish Bot J 46:229-239