메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 5, Issue 2, 2004, Pages 145-151

Gender and age effects on outcome after pediatric traumatic brain injury

Author keywords

Brain injuries; Length of stay; Mortality rate; Outcome assessment; Pediatrics; Sex factors

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; AGE; ARTICLE; BRAIN INJURY; CHILD; COHORT ANALYSIS; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CONVALESCENCE; FEMALE; HUMAN; INFANT; INTENSIVE CARE UNIT; LENGTH OF STAY; MALE; MORTALITY; NEWBORN; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PRESCHOOL CHILD; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; SEX DIFFERENCE; STATISTICS; TREATMENT OUTCOME; UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL;

EID: 3843066849     PISSN: 15297535     EISSN: 19473893     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/01.PCC.0000112373.71645.2A     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (74)

References (65)
  • 1
    • 0029302091 scopus 로고
    • Life-threatening injuries in children: What have we learned and what are the challenges?
    • 43
    • Haller JA Jr: Life-threatening injuries in children: What have we learned and what are the challenges? Bull Am Coll Surg 1995; 80: 8-18, 43
    • (1995) Bull Am Coll Surg , vol.80 , pp. 8-18
    • Haller Jr., J.A.1
  • 2
    • 0032758662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood trauma. Now and in the new millennium
    • Sanchez JI, Paidas CN: Childhood trauma. Now and in the new millennium. Surg Clin North Am 1999; 79:1503-1535
    • (1999) Surg Clin North Am , vol.79 , pp. 1503-1535
    • Sanchez, J.I.1    Paidas, C.N.2
  • 3
    • 0020666321 scopus 로고
    • Pediatric trauma. The No. 1 killer of children
    • Haller JA Jr: Pediatric trauma. The No. 1 killer of children. JAMA 1983; 249:47
    • (1983) JAMA , vol.249 , pp. 47
    • Haller Jr., J.A.1
  • 4
    • 84893183934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accessed March 2002
    • Centers for Disease Control. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/ncipc/ wisqars. Accessed March 2002
  • 5
    • 0019422652 scopus 로고
    • Causes of morbidity and mortality in severe pediatric trauma
    • Mayer T, Walker ML, Johnson DG, et al: Causes of morbidity and mortality in severe pediatric trauma. JAMA 1981; 245:719-721
    • (1981) JAMA , vol.245 , pp. 719-721
    • Mayer, T.1    Walker, M.L.2    Johnson, D.G.3
  • 6
    • 0035103289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictors of outcome in severely head-injured children
    • White JR, Farukhi Z, Bull C, et al: Predictors of outcome in severely head-injured children. Crit Care Med 2001; 29:534-540
    • (2001) Crit Care Med , vol.29 , pp. 534-540
    • White, J.R.1    Farukhi, Z.2    Bull, C.3
  • 7
    • 0036310012 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Survival and functional outcome in pediatric traumatic brain injury: A retrospective review and analysis of predictive factors
    • Hackbarth RM, Rzeszutko KM, Sturm G, et al: Survival and functional outcome in pediatric traumatic brain injury: A retrospective review and analysis of predictive factors. Crit Care Med 2002; 30:1630-1635
    • (2002) Crit Care Med , vol.30 , pp. 1630-1635
    • Hackbarth, R.M.1    Rzeszutko, K.M.2    Sturm, G.3
  • 9
    • 0034237128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotective effects of estrogens: Potential mechanisms of action
    • Green PS, Simpkins JW: Neuroprotective effects of estrogens: Potential mechanisms of action. Int J Dev Neurosci 2000; 18:347-358
    • (2000) Int J Dev Neurosci , vol.18 , pp. 347-358
    • Green, P.S.1    Simpkins, J.W.2
  • 10
    • 0032745934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The female sex hormone oestrogen as a neuroprotectant
    • Behl C, Holsboer F: The female sex hormone oestrogen as a neuroprotectant. Trends Pharmacol Sci 1999; 20:441-444
    • (1999) Trends Pharmacol Sci , vol.20 , pp. 441-444
    • Behl, C.1    Holsboer, F.2
  • 11
    • 0034128362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender differences in acute CNS trauma and stroke: Neuroprotective effects of estrogen and progesterone
    • Roof RL, Hall ED: Gender differences in acute CNS trauma and stroke: Neuroprotective effects of estrogen and progesterone. J Neurotrauma 2000; 17:367-388
    • (2000) J Neurotrauma , vol.17 , pp. 367-388
    • Roof, R.L.1    Hall, E.D.2
  • 12
    • 0033427418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrogens: Neuroprotective or neurotoxic?
    • Scallet AC: Estrogens: Neuroprotective or neurotoxic? Ann N Y Acad Sci 1999; 890: 121-132
    • (1999) Ann N y Acad Sci , vol.890 , pp. 121-132
    • Scallet, A.C.1
  • 13
    • 0031984050 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender-linked brain injury in experimental stroke
    • Alkayed NJ, Harukuni I, Kimes AS, et al: Gender-linked brain injury in experimental stroke. Stroke 1998; 29:159-165
    • (1998) Stroke , vol.29 , pp. 159-165
    • Alkayed, N.J.1    Harukuni, I.2    Kimes, A.S.3
  • 14
    • 0032487513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebral vasodilating capacity during forebrain ischemia: Effects of chronic estrogen depletion and repletion and the role of neuronal nitric oxide synthase
    • Pelligrino DA, Santizo R, Baughman VL, et al: Cerebral vasodilating capacity during forebrain ischemia: Effects of chronic estrogen depletion and repletion and the role of neuronal nitric oxide synthase. Neuroreport 1998; 9:3285-3291
    • (1998) Neuroreport , vol.9 , pp. 3285-3291
    • Pelligrino, D.A.1    Santizo, R.2    Baughman, V.L.3
  • 15
    • 0030700217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrogens may reduce mortality and ischemic damage caused by middle cerebral artery occlusion in the female rat
    • Simpkins JW, Rajakumar G, Zhang YQ, et al: Estrogens may reduce mortality and ischemic damage caused by middle cerebral artery occlusion in the female rat. J Neurosurg 1997; 87:724-730
    • (1997) J Neurosurg , vol.87 , pp. 724-730
    • Simpkins, J.W.1    Rajakumar, G.2    Zhang, Y.Q.3
  • 16
    • 0033178294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estradiol modulates bcl-2 in cerebral ischemia: A potential role for estrogen receptors
    • Dubal DB, Shughrue PJ, Wilson ME, et al: Estradiol modulates bcl-2 in cerebral ischemia: A potential role for estrogen receptors. J Neurosci 1999; 19:6385-6393
    • (1999) J Neurosci , vol.19 , pp. 6385-6393
    • Dubal, D.B.1    Shughrue, P.J.2    Wilson, M.E.3
  • 17
    • 0032587611 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 17betaestradiol reduces stroke injury in estrogendeficient female animals
    • Rusa R, Alkayed NJ, Crain BJ, et al: 17betaestradiol reduces stroke injury in estrogendeficient female animals. Stroke 1999; 30: 1665-1670
    • (1999) Stroke , vol.30 , pp. 1665-1670
    • Rusa, R.1    Alkayed, N.J.2    Crain, B.J.3
  • 18
    • 0031904678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrogen-mediated neuroprotection after experimental stroke in male rats
    • Toung TJ, Traystman RJ, Hurn PD: Estrogen-mediated neuroprotection after experimental stroke in male rats. Stroke 1998; 29: 1666-1670
    • (1998) Stroke , vol.29 , pp. 1666-1670
    • Toung, T.J.1    Traystman, R.J.2    Hurn, P.D.3
  • 19
    • 0033497678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotection by estrogens in a mouse model of focal cerebral ischemia and in cultured neurons: Evidence for a receptor-independent antioxidative mechanism
    • Culmsee C, Vedder H, Ravati A, et al: Neuroprotection by estrogens in a mouse model of focal cerebral ischemia and in cultured neurons: Evidence for a receptor-independent antioxidative mechanism. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 1999; 19:1263-1259
    • (1999) J Cereb Blood Flow Metab , vol.19 , pp. 1263-1259
    • Culmsee, C.1    Vedder, H.2    Ravati, A.3
  • 20
    • 0343684415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender difference in survival and cerebral blood flow following impactacceleration head injury in rats
    • Roof R, Hall E: Gender difference in survival and cerebral blood flow following impactacceleration head injury in rats. J Neurotrauma 1999; 16:988
    • (1999) J Neurotrauma , vol.16 , pp. 988
    • Roof, R.1    Hall, E.2
  • 21
    • 0027509746 scopus 로고
    • Estrogen improves biochemical and neurologic outcome following traumatic brain injury in male rats, but not in females
    • Emerson CS, Headrick JP, Vink R: Estrogen improves biochemical and neurologic outcome following traumatic brain injury in male rats, but not in females. Brain Res 1993; 608:95-100
    • (1993) Brain Res , vol.608 , pp. 95-100
    • Emerson, C.S.1    Headrick, J.P.2    Vink, R.3
  • 22
    • 0027522598 scopus 로고
    • Gender influences outcome of brain injury: Progesterone plays a protective role
    • Roof RL, Duvdevani R, Stein DG: Gender influences outcome of brain injury: Progesterone plays a protective role. Brain Res 1993; 607:333-336
    • (1993) Brain Res , vol.607 , pp. 333-336
    • Roof, R.L.1    Duvdevani, R.2    Stein, D.G.3
  • 23
    • 0034112161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence and mortality of severe sepsis in surgical intensive care patients: The influence of patient gender on disease process and outcome
    • Wichmann MW, Inthorn D, Andress HJ, et al: Incidence and mortality of severe sepsis in surgical intensive care patients: The influence of patient gender on disease process and outcome. Intensive Care Med 2000; 26: 167-172
    • (2000) Intensive Care Med , vol.26 , pp. 167-172
    • Wichmann, M.W.1    Inthorn, D.2    Andress, H.J.3
  • 24
    • 0032843844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Male gender is a risk factor for major infections after surgery
    • Offner PJ, Moore EE, Biffl WL: Male gender is a risk factor for major infections after surgery. Arch Surg 1999; 134:935-938
    • (1999) Arch Surg , vol.134 , pp. 935-938
    • Offner, P.J.1    Moore, E.E.2    Biffl, W.L.3
  • 25
    • 0033870714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of hormones on sex differences in infection: From genes to behavior
    • Klein SL: The effects of hormones on sex differences in infection: From genes to behavior. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2000; 24: 627-638
    • (2000) Neurosci Biobehav Rev , vol.24 , pp. 627-638
    • Klein, S.L.1
  • 26
    • 0034614322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural selection and sex differences in morbidity and mortality in early life
    • Wells JC: Natural selection and sex differences in morbidity and mortality in early life. J Theor Biol 2000; 202:65-76
    • (2000) J Theor Biol , vol.202 , pp. 65-76
    • Wells, J.C.1
  • 27
    • 0025368461 scopus 로고
    • Incidence of mortality in boys and girls after severe thermal burns
    • Barrow RE, Herndon DN: Incidence of mortality in boys and girls after severe thermal burns. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1990; 170: 295-298
    • (1990) Surg Gynecol Obstet , vol.170 , pp. 295-298
    • Barrow, R.E.1    Herndon, D.N.2
  • 28
    • 0024492789 scopus 로고
    • Determinants of head injury mortality: Importance of the low risk patient
    • Klauber MR, Marshall LF, Luerssen TG, et al: Determinants of head injury mortality: Importance of the low risk patient. Neurosurgery 1989; 24:31-36
    • (1989) Neurosurgery , vol.24 , pp. 31-36
    • Klauber, M.R.1    Marshall, L.F.2    Luerssen, T.G.3
  • 29
    • 0030819070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Longterm follow-up of post-acute traumatic brain injury rehabilitation: A statistical analysis to test for stability and predictability of outcome
    • Ashley MJ, Persel CS, Clark MC, et al: Longterm follow-up of post-acute traumatic brain injury rehabilitation: A statistical analysis to test for stability and predictability of outcome. Brain Inj 1997; 11:677-690
    • (1997) Brain Inj , vol.11 , pp. 677-690
    • Ashley, M.J.1    Persel, C.S.2    Clark, M.C.3
  • 30
    • 0020609827 scopus 로고
    • Chart for outcome prediction in severe head injury
    • Choi SC, Ward JD, Becker DP: Chart for outcome prediction in severe head injury. J Neurosurg 1983; 59:294-297
    • (1983) J Neurosurg , vol.59 , pp. 294-297
    • Choi, S.C.1    Ward, J.D.2    Becker, D.P.3
  • 31
    • 0033186831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rehabilitation outcome following traumatic brain injury the Singapore experience
    • Chua KS, Kong KH: Rehabilitation outcome following traumatic brain injury-the Singapore experience. Int J Rehabil Res 1999; 22: 189-197
    • (1999) Int J Rehabil Res , vol.22 , pp. 189-197
    • Chua, K.S.1    Kong, K.H.2
  • 32
    • 0030470464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Severe head injuries: An outcome prediction and survival analysis
    • Combes P, Fauvage B, Colonna M, et al: Severe head injuries: An outcome prediction and survival analysis. Intensive Care Med 1996; 22:1391-1395
    • (1996) Intensive Care Med , vol.22 , pp. 1391-1395
    • Combes, P.1    Fauvage, B.2    Colonna, M.3
  • 33
    • 0026731512 scopus 로고
    • Predictors of survival and severity of disability after severe brain injury in children
    • Michaud LJ, Rivara FP, Grady MS, et al: Predictors of survival and severity of disability after severe brain injury in children. Neurosurgery 1992; 31:254-264
    • (1992) Neurosurgery , vol.31 , pp. 254-264
    • Michaud, L.J.1    Rivara, F.P.2    Grady, M.S.3
  • 34
    • 0029915024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of demographics, injury severity, and trauma type on the likelihood of survival in child and adolescent trauma patients
    • Wan GJ, Neff-Smith M: The impact of demographics, injury severity, and trauma type on the likelihood of survival in child and adolescent trauma patients. J Trauma 1996; 40: 412-416
    • (1996) J Trauma , vol.40 , pp. 412-416
    • Wan, G.J.1    Neff-Smith, M.2
  • 35
    • 0034933943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rehabilitation outcomes for brain injured patients in Australia: Functional status, length of stay and discharge destination
    • Tooth L, McKenna K, Strong J, et al: Rehabilitation outcomes for brain injured patients in Australia: Functional status, length of stay and discharge destination. Brain Inj 2001; 15:613-631
    • (2001) Brain Inj , vol.15 , pp. 613-631
    • Tooth, L.1    McKenna, K.2    Strong, J.3
  • 36
    • 0034052493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multivariate analysis of patients with head injury using quantification theory type II-with special reference to prediction of patient outcome
    • Adachi S, Hirano N, Tanabe M, et al: Multivariate analysis of patients with head injury using quantification theory type II-with special reference to prediction of patient outcome. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2000; 40: 200-204
    • (2000) Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) , vol.40 , pp. 200-204
    • Adachi, S.1    Hirano, N.2    Tanabe, M.3
  • 37
    • 0031720131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Female TBI patients recover better than males
    • Groswasser Z, Cohen M, Keren O: Female TBI patients recover better than males. Brain Inj 1998; 12:805-808
    • (1998) Brain Inj , vol.12 , pp. 805-808
    • Groswasser, Z.1    Cohen, M.2    Keren, O.3
  • 38
    • 0034908062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors associated with perceived quality of life many years after traumatic brain injury
    • Steadman-Pare D, Colantonio A, Ratcliff G, et al: Factors associated with perceived quality of life many years after traumatic brain injury. J Head Trauma Rehabil 2001; 16: 330-342
    • (2001) J Head Trauma Rehabil , vol.16 , pp. 330-342
    • Steadman-Pare, D.1    Colantonio, A.2    Ratcliff, G.3
  • 39
    • 0032989451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting survival using simple clinical variables: A case study in traumatic brain injury
    • Signorini DF, Andrews PJ, Jones PA, et al: Predicting survival using simple clinical variables: A case study in traumatic brain injury. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1999; 66: 20-25
    • (1999) J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry , vol.66 , pp. 20-25
    • Signorini, D.F.1    Andrews, P.J.2    Jones, P.A.3
  • 40
    • 0034679279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disability in young people and adults one year after head injury: Prospective cohort study
    • Thornhill S, Teasdale GM, Murray GD, et al: Disability in young people and adults one year after head injury: Prospective cohort study. BMJ 2000; 320:1631-1635
    • (2000) BMJ , vol.320 , pp. 1631-1635
    • Thornhill, S.1    Teasdale, G.M.2    Murray, G.D.3
  • 41
    • 0030727736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictors and indicators of academic outcome in children 2 years following traumatic brain injury
    • Kinsella GJ, Prior M, Sawyer M, et al: Predictors and indicators of academic outcome in children 2 years following traumatic brain injury. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 1997; 3:608-616
    • (1997) J Int Neuropsychol Soc , vol.3 , pp. 608-616
    • Kinsella, G.J.1    Prior, M.2    Sawyer, M.3
  • 42
    • 0022452679 scopus 로고
    • Motor vehicle trauma in northeastern Ohio. I: Incidence and outcome by age, sex, and road-use category
    • Barancik JI, Chatterjee BF, Greene-Cradden YC, et al: Motor vehicle trauma in northeastern Ohio. I: Incidence and outcome by age, sex, and road-use category. Am J Epidemiol 1986; 123:846-861
    • (1986) Am J Epidemiol , vol.123 , pp. 846-861
    • Barancik, J.I.1    Chatterjee, B.F.2    Greene-Cradden, Y.C.3
  • 43
    • 0031656925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term survival of children and adolescents after traumatic brain injury
    • Strauss DJ, Shavelle RM, Anderson TW: Long-term survival of children and adolescents after traumatic brain injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1998; 79:1095-1100
    • (1998) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.79 , pp. 1095-1100
    • Strauss, D.J.1    Shavelle, R.M.2    Anderson, T.W.3
  • 44
    • 0028004071 scopus 로고
    • Late outcome of mild head injury: Results from a controlled postal survey
    • Bohnen N, Van Zutphen W, Twijnstra A, et al: Late outcome of mild head injury: Results from a controlled postal survey. Brain Inj 1994; 8:701-708
    • (1994) Brain Inj , vol.8 , pp. 701-708
    • Bohnen, N.1    Van Zutphen, W.2    Twijnstra, A.3
  • 45
    • 0023076590 scopus 로고
    • Late post-concussional symptoms in traumatic head injury. An analysis of frequency and risk factors
    • Edna TH, Cappelen J: Late post-concussional symptoms in traumatic head injury. An analysis of frequency and risk factors. Acta Neurochir 1987; 86:12-17
    • (1987) Acta Neurochir , vol.86 , pp. 12-17
    • Edna, T.H.1    Cappelen, J.2
  • 46
    • 0018352860 scopus 로고
    • Symptoms at one year following concussion from minor head injuries
    • Rutherford WH, Merrett JD, McDonald JR: Symptoms at one year following concussion from minor head injuries. Injury 1979; 10:225-230
    • (1979) Injury , vol.10 , pp. 225-230
    • Rutherford, W.H.1    Merrett, J.D.2    McDonald, J.R.3
  • 47
    • 8044239629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of brain injury on college academic performance
    • Gerberich SG, Gibson RW, Fife D, et al: Effects of brain injury on college academic performance. Neuroepidemiology 1997; 16:1-14
    • (1997) Neuroepidemiology , vol.16 , pp. 1-14
    • Gerberich, S.G.1    Gibson, R.W.2    Fife, D.3
  • 48
    • 0033868432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors influencing outcome following mild traumatic brain injury in adults
    • Ponsford J, Willmott C, Rothwell A, et al: Factors influencing outcome following mild traumatic brain injury in adults. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2000; 6:568-579
    • (2000) J Int Neuropsychol Soc , vol.6 , pp. 568-579
    • Ponsford, J.1    Willmott, C.2    Rothwell, A.3
  • 49
    • 0028061425 scopus 로고
    • Paediatric head trauma: Influence of age and sex. I. Epidemiology
    • Berney J, Favier J, Froidevaux AC: Paediatric head trauma: influence of age and sex. I. Epidemiology. Childs Nerv Syst 1994; 10: 509-516
    • (1994) Childs Nerv Syst , vol.10 , pp. 509-516
    • Berney, J.1    Favier, J.2    Froidevaux, A.C.3
  • 50
    • 0026661108 scopus 로고
    • Severe head injury in children: Experience of the traumatic coma data bank
    • Levin HS, Aldrich EF, Saydjari C, et al: Severe head injury in children: Experience of the Traumatic Coma Data Bank. Neurosurgery 1992; 31:435-443
    • (1992) Neurosurgery , vol.31 , pp. 435-443
    • Levin, H.S.1    Aldrich, E.F.2    Saydjari, C.3
  • 51
    • 0021911924 scopus 로고
    • Serious head injury in infants: Accident or abuse?
    • Billmire ME, Myers PA: Serious head injury in infants: Accident or abuse? Pediatrics 1985; 75:340-342
    • (1985) Pediatrics , vol.75 , pp. 340-342
    • Billmire, M.E.1    Myers, P.A.2
  • 52
    • 0021258055 scopus 로고
    • Head injury in the infant and toddler. Coma scoring and outcome scale
    • Raimondi AJ, Hirschauer J: Head injury in the infant and toddler. Coma scoring and outcome scale. Childs Brain 1984; 11:12-35
    • (1984) Childs Brain , vol.11 , pp. 12-35
    • Raimondi, A.J.1    Hirschauer, J.2
  • 53
    • 0023853052 scopus 로고
    • Outcome from head injury related to patient's age. A longitudinal prospective study of adult and pediatric head injury
    • Luerssen TG, Klauber MR, Marshall LF: Outcome from head injury related to patient's age. A longitudinal prospective study of adult and pediatric head injury. J Neurosurg 1988; 68:409-416
    • (1988) J Neurosurg , vol.68 , pp. 409-416
    • Luerssen, T.G.1    Klauber, M.R.2    Marshall, L.F.3
  • 54
    • 0030738742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Survival and functional outcome of children requiring endotracheal intubation during therapy for severe traumatic brain injury
    • Thakker JC, Splaingard M, Zhu J, et al: Survival and functional outcome of children requiring endotracheal intubation during therapy for severe traumatic brain injury. Crit Care Med 1997; 25:1396-1401
    • (1997) Crit Care Med , vol.25 , pp. 1396-1401
    • Thakker, J.C.1    Splaingard, M.2    Zhu, J.3
  • 55
    • 0035002671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variation in therapy and outcome for pediatric head trauma patients
    • Tilford JM, Simpson PM, Yeh TS, et al: Variation in therapy and outcome for pediatric head trauma patients. Crit Care Med 2001; 29:1056-1061
    • (2001) Crit Care Med , vol.29 , pp. 1056-1061
    • Tilford, J.M.1    Simpson, P.M.2    Yeh, T.S.3
  • 57
    • 0033770508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognostic value of trauma scores in pediatric patients with multiple injuries
    • Ott R, Kramer R, Martus P, et al: Prognostic value of trauma scores in pediatric patients with multiple injuries. J Trauma 2000; 49: 729-736
    • (2000) J Trauma , vol.49 , pp. 729-736
    • Ott, R.1    Kramer, R.2    Martus, P.3
  • 59
    • 0029155526 scopus 로고
    • The abbreviated injury scale as a predictor of outcome of severe head injury
    • Walder AD, Yeoman PM, Turnbull A: The abbreviated injury scale as a predictor of outcome of severe head injury. Intensive Care Med 1995; 21:606-609
    • (1995) Intensive Care Med , vol.21 , pp. 606-609
    • Walder, A.D.1    Yeoman, P.M.2    Turnbull, A.3
  • 60
    • 84940132662 scopus 로고
    • Factors affecting outcome in the pediatric patient with multiple trauma. Further experience with the modified injury severity scale
    • Walker ML, Storrs BB, Mayer T: Factors affecting outcome in the pediatric patient with multiple trauma. Further experience with the modified injury severity scale. Childs Brain 1984; 11:387-397
    • (1984) Childs Brain , vol.11 , pp. 387-397
    • Walker, M.L.1    Storrs, B.B.2    Mayer, T.3
  • 61
    • 0034846413 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluating the prognosis of multiple, severely traumatized children in the intensive care unit
    • Cantais E, Paut O, Giorgi R, et al: Evaluating the prognosis of multiple, severely traumatized children in the intensive care unit. Intensive Care Med 2001; 27: 1511-1517
    • (2001) Intensive Care Med , vol.27 , pp. 1511-1517
    • Cantais, E.1    Paut, O.2    Giorgi, R.3
  • 62
    • 0032995675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Pediatric Risk of Mortality (PRISM) Score and Injury Severity Score (ISS) for predicting resource utilization and outcome of intensive care in pediatric trauma
    • Castello FV, Cassano A, Gregory P, et al: The Pediatric Risk of Mortality (PRISM) Score and Injury Severity Score (ISS) for predicting resource utilization and outcome of intensive care in pediatric trauma. Crit Care Med 1999; 27:985-988
    • (1999) Crit Care Med , vol.27 , pp. 985-988
    • Castello, F.V.1    Cassano, A.2    Gregory, P.3
  • 63
    • 0036861515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Triage scoring systems, severity of illness measures, and mortality prediction models in pediatric trauma
    • Marcin JP, Pollack MM: Triage scoring systems, severity of illness measures, and mortality prediction models in pediatric trauma. Crit Care Med 2002; 30(Suppl): S457-S467
    • (2002) Crit Care Med , vol.30 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Marcin, J.P.1    Pollack, M.M.2
  • 64
    • 0032771230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using large-scale databases to measure outcomes in critical care
    • Pronovost P, Angus DC: Using large-scale databases to measure outcomes in critical care. Crit Care Clin 1999; 15:615-631
    • (1999) Crit Care Clin , vol.15 , pp. 615-631
    • Pronovost, P.1    Angus, D.C.2
  • 65
    • 0032783880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outcomes research in critical care: Results of the american thoracic society critical care assembly workshop on outcomes research. The members of the outcomes research workshop
    • Rubenfeld GD, Angus DC, Pinsky MR, et al: Outcomes research in critical care: Results of the American Thoracic Society Critical Care Assembly Workshop on Outcomes Research. The Members of the Outcomes Research Workshop. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999; 160:358-367
    • (1999) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.160 , pp. 358-367
    • Rubenfeld, G.D.1    Angus, D.C.2    Pinsky, M.R.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.