메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 37, Issue 10, 2007, Pages 1808-1820

Testing the performance of a forest ecosystem model (FORECAST) against 29 years of field data in a Pseudotsuga menziesii plantation

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BIOMASS; ECOSYSTEMS; NUTRIENTS; PLANTS (BOTANY);

EID: 38149022483     PISSN: 00455067     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1139/X07-041     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (57)

References (83)
  • 1
    • 0000875891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why don't we believe the models?
    • Aber, J.D. 1997. Why don't we believe the models? Bull. Ecol. Soc. Am. 78: 232-233.
    • (1997) Bull. Ecol. Soc. Am , vol.78 , pp. 232-233
    • Aber, J.D.1
  • 2
    • 0022838860 scopus 로고
    • Above-ground biomass distribution within trees and stands in thinned and fertilized Douglas-fir
    • Barclay, H.J., Pang, P.C., and Pollard, D.F.W. 1986. Above-ground biomass distribution within trees and stands in thinned and fertilized Douglas-fir. Can. J. For. Res. 16: 438-442.
    • (1986) Can. J. For. Res , vol.16 , pp. 438-442
    • Barclay, H.J.1    Pang, P.C.2    Pollard, D.F.W.3
  • 3
    • 0037099773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictions of understorey light conditions in northern hardwood forests following parameterization, sensitivity analysis, and test of the SORTIE light model
    • Beaudet, M., Messier, C., and Canham, C.D. 2002. Predictions of understorey light conditions in northern hardwood forests following parameterization, sensitivity analysis, and test of the SORTIE light model. For. Ecol. Manag. 165: 235-248.
    • (2002) For. Ecol. Manag , vol.165 , pp. 235-248
    • Beaudet, M.1    Messier, C.2    Canham, C.D.3
  • 4
    • 20544440390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sustainability of forest management practices: Evaluation through a simulation model of nutrient cycling
    • Blanco, J.A., Zavala, M.A., Imbert, J.B., and Castillo, F.J. 2005. Sustainability of forest management practices: evaluation through a simulation model of nutrient cycling. For. Ecol. Manag. 213: 209-228.
    • (2005) For. Ecol. Manag , vol.213 , pp. 209-228
    • Blanco, J.A.1    Zavala, M.A.2    Imbert, J.B.3    Castillo, F.J.4
  • 5
    • 38149073570 scopus 로고
    • British Columbia Ministry of Forests, B.C. Forest Serice, Victoria, B.C
    • British Columbia Ministry of Forests. 1976. Whole-stem cubic metre volume equations and tables, 1976. B.C. Forest Serice, Victoria, B.C.
    • (1976) Whole-stem cubic metre , vol.equations and tables
  • 6
    • 0020666625 scopus 로고
    • Effects of thinning and nitrogen fertilization on growth of Douglas-fir: Relative contribution of foliage quantity and efficiency
    • Brix, H. 1983. Effects of thinning and nitrogen fertilization on growth of Douglas-fir: relative contribution of foliage quantity and efficiency. Can. J. For. Res. 13: 167-175.
    • (1983) Can. J. For. Res , vol.13 , pp. 167-175
    • Brix, H.1
  • 7
    • 0030468834 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validating models of complex, stochastic, biological systems
    • doi:10.1016/0304-3800(95)00039-9
    • Brown, T.N., and Kulasiri, D. 1996. Validating models of complex, stochastic, biological systems. Ecol. Model. 86: 129-134. doi:10.1016/0304-3800(95)00039-9.
    • (1996) Ecol. Model , vol.86 , pp. 129-134
    • Brown, T.N.1    Kulasiri, D.2
  • 8
    • 38149027346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutrients and their impact on the Canadian Environment. Agriculture and Agric
    • Environment Canada, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Health Canada and Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, Ont
    • Chambers, P.A., Guy, M., Roberts, E., Charlton, M.N., Kent, R., Gagnon, G., Grove, G., and Foster, N. 2001. Nutrients and their impact on the Canadian Environment. Agriculture and Agric.-Food Canada, Environment Canada, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Health Canada and Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, Ont.
    • (2001) Food Canada
    • Chambers, P.A.1    Guy, M.2    Roberts, E.3    Charlton, M.N.4    Kent, R.5    Gagnon, G.6    Grove, G.7    Foster, N.8
  • 9
    • 0035068983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring net primary production in forests: Concepts and field methods
    • doi:10.2307/3060894
    • Clark, D., Brown, S., Kicklighter, D.W., Chambers, J.Q., Thomlinson, J.R., and Ni, J. 2001. Measuring net primary production in forests: concepts and field methods. Ecol. Appl. 11: 356-370. doi:10.2307/3060894.
    • (2001) Ecol. Appl , vol.11 , pp. 356-370
    • Clark, D.1    Brown, S.2    Kicklighter, D.W.3    Chambers, J.Q.4    Thomlinson, J.R.5    Ni, J.6
  • 10
    • 0002639280 scopus 로고
    • Nutrient cycle in world forests
    • Edited by S.P. Gessel. Martinus Nijhoff, Dordrecht, the Netherlands. pp
    • Cole, D.W. 1986. Nutrient cycle in world forests. In Forest site and productivity. Edited by S.P. Gessel. Martinus Nijhoff, Dordrecht, the Netherlands. pp. 104-115.
    • (1986) Forest site and productivity , pp. 104-115
    • Cole, D.W.1
  • 11
    • 38149128742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crown, M., and Brett, C.P. 1975. Fertilization and thinning effects on a Douglas-fir ecosystem at Shawnigan Lake: an establishment report. Can. For. Serv. Pac. For. Res. Cent. Inf. Rep. BC-X-110.
    • Crown, M., and Brett, C.P. 1975. Fertilization and thinning effects on a Douglas-fir ecosystem at Shawnigan Lake: an establishment report. Can. For. Serv. Pac. For. Res. Cent. Inf. Rep. BC-X-110.
  • 13
    • 0001618836 scopus 로고
    • Performance and comparison of stand growth models based on individual tree and diameter-class growth
    • Ek, A.R., and Monserud, R.A. 1979. Performance and comparison of stand growth models based on individual tree and diameter-class growth. Can. J. For. Res. 9: 231-244.
    • (1979) Can. J. For. Res , vol.9 , pp. 231-244
    • Ek, A.R.1    Monserud, R.A.2
  • 14
    • 0001363555 scopus 로고
    • Testing accuracy
    • Freese, F. 1960. Testing accuracy. For. Sci. 6: 139-145.
    • (1960) For. Sci , vol.6 , pp. 139-145
    • Freese, F.1
  • 15
    • 85195906768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Model validation and testing: Past lessons, present concerns, future prospects
    • Edited by C.D. Canham, J.J. Cole, and W.K. Lauenroth. Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J. pp
    • Gardner, R.H., and Urban, D.L. 2003. Model validation and testing: past lessons, present concerns, future prospects. In Models in ecosystem science. Edited by C.D. Canham, J.J. Cole, and W.K. Lauenroth. Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J. pp. 184-203.
    • (2003) Models in ecosystem science , pp. 184-203
    • Gardner, R.H.1    Urban, D.L.2
  • 16
    • 0030923156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Basal area development in thinned and unthinned loblolly pine plantations
    • doi:10.1139/cjfr-27-2-265
    • Hasenauer, H., Burkhart, H.E., and Amateis, R.L. 1997. Basal area development in thinned and unthinned loblolly pine plantations. Can. J. For. Res. 27: 265-271. doi:10.1139/cjfr-27-2-265.
    • (1997) Can. J. For. Res , vol.27 , pp. 265-271
    • Hasenauer, H.1    Burkhart, H.E.2    Amateis, R.L.3
  • 17
    • 0033103278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutrition and bud removal affect biomass and nutrient allocation in Douglas-fir and western red cedar
    • Hawkins, B.J., and Henry, G. 1999. Nutrition and bud removal affect biomass and nutrient allocation in Douglas-fir and western red cedar. Tree Physiol. 19: 197-203.
    • (1999) Tree Physiol , vol.19 , pp. 197-203
    • Hawkins, B.J.1    Henry, G.2
  • 18
    • 0034051356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term response of understory plant species to thinning and fertilization in a Douglas-fir plantation on southern Vancouver Island, British Columbia
    • doi:10.1139/cjfr-30-4-566
    • He, F., and Barclay, H.J. 2000. Long-term response of understory plant species to thinning and fertilization in a Douglas-fir plantation on southern Vancouver Island, British Columbia. Can. J. For. Res. 30: 566-572. doi:10.1139/cjfr-30-4-566.
    • (2000) Can. J. For. Res , vol.30 , pp. 566-572
    • He, F.1    Barclay, H.J.2
  • 19
    • 0035138601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Process models as tools in forestry research and management
    • Johnsen, K., Samuelson, L., Teskey, R., McNulty, S., and Fox, T. 2001. Process models as tools in forestry research and management. For. Sci. 47: 2-8.
    • (2001) For. Sci , vol.47 , pp. 2-8
    • Johnsen, K.1    Samuelson, L.2    Teskey, R.3    McNulty, S.4    Fox, T.5
  • 20
    • 0035370529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reducing uncertainty in the use of allometric biomass equations for predictive above-ground tree biomass in mixed secondary forests
    • Ketterings, Q.M., Coe, R., van Noordwijk, M., Ambagau, Y., and Palm, C.A. 2001. Reducing uncertainty in the use of allometric biomass equations for predictive above-ground tree biomass in mixed secondary forests. For. Ecol. Manag. 146: 199-209.
    • (2001) For. Ecol. Manag , vol.146 , pp. 199-209
    • Ketterings, Q.M.1    Coe, R.2    van Noordwijk, M.3    Ambagau, Y.4    Palm, C.A.5
  • 21
    • 0033589350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modelling forest ecosystem net primary production: The hybrid simulation approach used in FORECAST
    • doi:10.1016/S0304-3800(99)00138-6
    • Kimmins, J.P., Mailly, D., and Seely, B. 1999. Modelling forest ecosystem net primary production: the hybrid simulation approach used in FORECAST. Ecol. Model. 122: 195-224. doi:10.1016/S0304-3800(99)00138-6.
    • (1999) Ecol. Model , vol.122 , pp. 195-224
    • Kimmins, J.P.1    Mailly, D.2    Seely, B.3
  • 22
    • 0033152502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CenW, a forest growth model with linked carbon, energy, nutrient and water cycles
    • doi:10.1016/S0304-3800(99)00020-4
    • Kirschbaum, M.U.F. 1999. CenW, a forest growth model with linked carbon, energy, nutrient and water cycles. Ecol. Model. 118: 17-59. doi:10.1016/S0304-3800(99)00020-4.
    • (1999) Ecol. Model , vol.118 , pp. 17-59
    • Kirschbaum, M.U.F.1
  • 23
    • 0036010314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Below-ground carbon pools and processes in different age stands of Douglas-fir
    • Klopatek, J.M. 2002. Below-ground carbon pools and processes in different age stands of Douglas-fir. Tree Physiol. 22: 197-204.
    • (2002) Tree Physiol , vol.22 , pp. 197-204
    • Klopatek, J.M.1
  • 24
    • 0030442321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Process versus empirical models: Which approach for forest management?
    • Korzukhin, M.D., Ter-Mikaelian, M.T., and Wagner, R. 1996. Process versus empirical models: which approach for forest management? Can. J. For. Res. 26: 879-887.
    • (1996) Can. J. For. Res , vol.26 , pp. 879-887
    • Korzukhin, M.D.1    Ter-Mikaelian, M.T.2    Wagner, R.3
  • 25
    • 0342473371 scopus 로고
    • Influence of site quality on tree resource allocation to fine roots and its effect on harvestable productivity of coastal Douglas-fir stands. For. Can. B.C. Minist. For
    • No. 034
    • Kurz, W.A., and Kimmins, J.P. 1987. Influence of site quality on tree resource allocation to fine roots and its effect on harvestable productivity of coastal Douglas-fir stands. For. Can. B.C. Minist. For. FRDA Rep. No. 034.
    • (1987) FRDA Rep
    • Kurz, W.A.1    Kimmins, J.P.2
  • 26
    • 0037518364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modelling forest ecosystems: State of the art, challenges, and future directions
    • doi:10.1139/x02-129
    • Landsberg, J.J. 2003. Modelling forest ecosystems: state of the art, challenges, and future directions. Can. J. For. Res. 33: 385-397. doi:10.1139/x02-129.
    • (2003) Can. J. For. Res , vol.33 , pp. 385-397
    • Landsberg, J.J.1
  • 27
    • 0037454780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Performance of the forest productivity model 3-PG applied to a wide range of forest types
    • Landsberg, J.J., Waring, R.H., and Coops, N.C. 2003. Performance of the forest productivity model 3-PG applied to a wide range of forest types. For. Ecol. Manag. 172: 199-214.
    • (2003) For. Ecol. Manag , vol.172 , pp. 199-214
    • Landsberg, J.J.1    Waring, R.H.2    Coops, N.C.3
  • 28
    • 14644386943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Model-based analysis of management alternatives at stand and regional level in Brandenburg (Germany)
    • Lasch, P., Badeck, F.-W., Suckow, F., Lindner, M., and Mohr, P. 2005. Model-based analysis of management alternatives at stand and regional level in Brandenburg (Germany). For. Ecol. Manag. 207: 59-74.
    • (2005) For. Ecol. Manag , vol.207 , pp. 59-74
    • Lasch, P.1    Badeck, F.-W.2    Suckow, F.3    Lindner, M.4    Mohr, P.5
  • 29
    • 0030905845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testing models of unthinned red pine plantation dynamics using a modified Bakuzis matrix of stand properties
    • Leary, R.A. 1997. Testing models of unthinned red pine plantation dynamics using a modified Bakuzis matrix of stand properties. Ecol. Model. 98: 35-46.
    • (1997) Ecol. Model , vol.98 , pp. 35-46
    • Leary, R.A.1
  • 30
    • 0343306726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improving the simulation of stand structure in a forest gap model
    • Linder, M., Sievänen, R., and Pretzsch, H. 1997. Improving the simulation of stand structure in a forest gap model. For. Ecol. Manag. 95: 183-195.
    • (1997) For. Ecol. Manag , vol.95 , pp. 183-195
    • Linder, M.1    Sievänen, R.2    Pretzsch, H.3
  • 31
    • 0030619006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A hypothesis testing framework for evaluating ecosystem model performance
    • doi:10.1016/S0304-3800(96) 01900-X
    • Loehle, C. 1997. A hypothesis testing framework for evaluating ecosystem model performance. Ecol. Model. 97: 153-165. doi:10.1016/S0304-3800(96) 01900-X.
    • (1997) Ecol. Model , vol.97 , pp. 153-165
    • Loehle, C.1
  • 32
    • 0034629212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating the stem carbon production of a coniferous forest using an ecosystem model driven by the remotely sensed red edge
    • Lucas, N.S., Curran, P.J., Plummer, S.E., and Danson, F.M. 2000. Estimating the stem carbon production of a coniferous forest using an ecosystem model driven by the remotely sensed red edge. Int. J. Remote Sens. 21: 619-631.
    • (2000) Int. J. Remote Sens , vol.21 , pp. 619-631
    • Lucas, N.S.1    Curran, P.J.2    Plummer, S.E.3    Danson, F.M.4
  • 33
    • 43949170124 scopus 로고
    • Statistical validation
    • doi:10.1016/0304-3800(93)90105-2
    • Mayer, D.G., and Butler, D.G. 1993. Statistical validation. Ecol. Model. 68: 21-32. doi:10.1016/0304-3800(93)90105-2.
    • (1993) Ecol. Model , vol.68 , pp. 21-32
    • Mayer, D.G.1    Butler, D.G.2
  • 34
    • 0034766963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Below-ground carbon allocation of Rocky Mountain Douglas-fir
    • doi:10.1139/cjfr-31-8-1425
    • McDowell, N.G., Blaster, N.K., and Marshall, J.D. 2001. Below-ground carbon allocation of Rocky Mountain Douglas-fir. Can. J. For. Res. 31: 1425-1436. doi:10.1139/cjfr-31-8-1425.
    • (2001) Can. J. For. Res , vol.31 , pp. 1425-1436
    • McDowell, N.G.1    Blaster, N.K.2    Marshall, J.D.3
  • 35
    • 0013674854 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fertilization and thinning effects on a Douglas-fir ecosystem at Shawnigan Lake: 24-year growth response. For. Can. B.C. Minist. For
    • No. 269
    • McWilliams, E.R.G., and Thérien, G. 1997. Fertilization and thinning effects on a Douglas-fir ecosystem at Shawnigan Lake: 24-year growth response. For. Can. B.C. Minist. For. FRDA Rep. No. 269.
    • (1997) FRDA Rep
    • McWilliams, E.R.G.1    Thérien, G.2
  • 36
    • 14644399891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testing mechanistic modeling to assess impacts of biomass removal
    • Merganicová, K., Pietsch, S.A., and Hasenauer, H. 2005. Testing mechanistic modeling to assess impacts of biomass removal. For. Ecol. Manag. 207: 37-57.
    • (2005) For. Ecol. Manag , vol.207 , pp. 37-57
    • Merganicová, K.1    Pietsch, S.A.2    Hasenauer, H.3
  • 37
    • 0028161953 scopus 로고
    • Effects of thinning in a 43-year-old Douglas-fir stand on above- and below-ground biomass allocation and leaf structure of understory Gaultheria shallon
    • Messier, C., and Mitchell, A.K. 1994. Effects of thinning in a 43-year-old Douglas-fir stand on above- and below-ground biomass allocation and leaf structure of understory Gaultheria shallon. For. Ecol. Manag. 68: 263-271.
    • (1994) For. Ecol. Manag , vol.68 , pp. 263-271
    • Messier, C.1    Mitchell, A.K.2
  • 38
    • 0029668340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biomass and nutrient element dynamics in Douglas-fir: Effects of thinning and nitrogen fertilization over 18 years
    • Mitchell, A.K., Barclay, H.J., Brix, H., Pollard, D.F.W., Benton, R., and deJong, R. 1996. Biomass and nutrient element dynamics in Douglas-fir: effects of thinning and nitrogen fertilization over 18 years. Can. J. For. Res. 26: 376-388.
    • (1996) Can. J. For. Res , vol.26 , pp. 376-388
    • Mitchell, A.K.1    Barclay, H.J.2    Brix, H.3    Pollard, D.F.W.4    Benton, R.5    deJong, R.6
  • 39
    • 2942712791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluating forest models in a sustainable forest management context
    • Monserud, R.A. 2003. Evaluating forest models in a sustainable forest management context. FBMIS, 1: 35-47.
    • (2003) FBMIS , vol.1 , pp. 35-47
    • Monserud, R.A.1
  • 40
    • 0030616948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of soil organic matter as a criterion of the relative sustainability of forest management alternatives: A modelling approach using FORECAST
    • Morris, D.M., Kimmins, J.P., and Duckert, D.R. 1997. The use of soil organic matter as a criterion of the relative sustainability of forest management alternatives: a modelling approach using FORECAST. For. Ecol. Manag. 94: 61-78.
    • (1997) For. Ecol. Manag , vol.94 , pp. 61-78
    • Morris, D.M.1    Kimmins, J.P.2    Duckert, D.R.3
  • 41
    • 0031853730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating regional forest productivity and water yield using an ecosystem model linked to a GIS
    • doi:10.1023/A:1008004423783
    • Ollinger, S.V., Aber, J.D., and Federer, C.A. 1998. Estimating regional forest productivity and water yield using an ecosystem model linked to a GIS. Landscape Ecol. 13: 323-334. doi:10.1023/A:1008004423783.
    • (1998) Landscape Ecol , vol.13 , pp. 323-334
    • Ollinger, S.V.1    Aber, J.D.2    Federer, C.A.3
  • 42
    • 0344698254 scopus 로고
    • Total and merchantable volume equations for small coastal Douglas-fir. For. Can. B.C. Minist. For
    • No. 010
    • Omule, S.A.Y., Fletcher, V.E., and Polsson, K.R. 1987. Total and merchantable volume equations for small coastal Douglas-fir. For. Can. B.C. Minist. For. FRDA Rep. No. 010.
    • (1987) FRDA Rep
    • Omule, S.A.Y.1    Fletcher, V.E.2    Polsson, K.R.3
  • 43
    • 38149101279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oreskes, N. 2003. The role of Quantitative models in science. In Models in ecosystem science. Edited by C.D. Canham, J.J. Cole, and W.K. Lauenroth. Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J. pp. 13-31.
    • Oreskes, N. 2003. The role of Quantitative models in science. In Models in ecosystem science. Edited by C.D. Canham, J.J. Cole, and W.K. Lauenroth. Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J. pp. 13-31.
  • 44
    • 0028763687 scopus 로고
    • Verification, validation and confirmation of numerical models in the earth sciences
    • doi:10.1126/science.263.5147.641
    • Oreskes, N., Shrader-Frechette, K., and Belitz, K. 1994. Verification, validation and confirmation of numerical models in the earth sciences. Science (Wash., D.C.), 263: 641-646. doi:10.1126/science.263.5147.641.
    • (1994) Science (Wash., D.C.) , vol.263 , pp. 641-646
    • Oreskes, N.1    Shrader-Frechette, K.2    Belitz, K.3
  • 45
    • 0023583276 scopus 로고
    • Aboveground nutrient distribution within trees and stands in thinned and fertilized Douglas-fir
    • Pang, P.C., Barclay, H.J., and McCullough, K. 1987. Aboveground nutrient distribution within trees and stands in thinned and fertilized Douglas-fir. Can. J. For. Res. 17: 1379-1384.
    • (1987) Can. J. For. Res , vol.17 , pp. 1379-1384
    • Pang, P.C.1    Barclay, H.J.2    McCullough, K.3
  • 46
    • 0032706042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing tree and stand biomass: A review with examples and critical comparisons
    • Parresol, B.R. 1999. Assessing tree and stand biomass: a review with examples and critical comparisons. For. Sci. 45: 573-593.
    • (1999) For. Sci , vol.45 , pp. 573-593
    • Parresol, B.R.1
  • 47
    • 0344074628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional and structural convergence of temperate grassland and shrubland ecosystems
    • doi:10.2307/2641321
    • Paruelo, J.M., Jobbagy, E.G., Sala, O.E., Lauenroth, W.K., and Burke, I.C. 1998. Functional and structural convergence of temperate grassland and shrubland ecosystems. Ecol. Appl. 8: 194-206. doi:10.2307/2641321.
    • (1998) Ecol. Appl , vol.8 , pp. 194-206
    • Paruelo, J.M.1    Jobbagy, E.G.2    Sala, O.E.3    Lauenroth, W.K.4    Burke, I.C.5
  • 49
    • 0027844167 scopus 로고
    • The predictive validation of ecological and environment models
    • doi:10.1016/0304-3800(93)90106-3
    • Power, M. 1993. The predictive validation of ecological and environment models. Ecol. Model. 68: 33-50. doi:10.1016/0304-3800(93)90106-3.
    • (1993) Ecol. Model , vol.68 , pp. 33-50
    • Power, M.1
  • 50
    • 85047679454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of clearcutting on decomposition rates of litter and forest floor in forests of British Columbia
    • doi:10.1139/cjfr-30- 11-1751
    • Prescott, C.E., Blevins, L.L., and Staley, C.L. 2000a. Effects of clearcutting on decomposition rates of litter and forest floor in forests of British Columbia. Can. J. For. Res. 30: 1751-1757. doi:10.1139/cjfr-30- 11-1751.
    • (2000) Can. J. For. Res , vol.30 , pp. 1751-1757
    • Prescott, C.E.1    Blevins, L.L.2    Staley, C.L.3
  • 51
    • 0033926978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitrogen turnover in forest floors of coastal Douglas-fir at sites differing in soil nitrogen capital
    • doi:10.2307/177278
    • Prescott, C.E., Chappell, H.N., and Vesterdal, L. 2000b. Nitrogen turnover in forest floors of coastal Douglas-fir at sites differing in soil nitrogen capital. Ecology, 81: 1878-1886. doi:10.2307/177278.
    • (2000) Ecology , vol.81 , pp. 1878-1886
    • Prescott, C.E.1    Chappell, H.N.2    Vesterdal, L.3
  • 52
    • 85047678793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decomposition of broadleaf and needle litter in forests of British Columbia: Influences of litter type, and litter mixtures
    • doi:10.1139/cjfr-30-11-1742
    • Prescott, C.E., Zabek, L.M., Staley, C.L., and Kabzems, R. 2000c. Decomposition of broadleaf and needle litter in forests of British Columbia: influences of litter type, and litter mixtures. Can. J. For. Res. 30: 1742-1750. doi:10.1139/cjfr-30-11-1742.
    • (2000) Can. J. For. Res , vol.30 , pp. 1742-1750
    • Prescott, C.E.1    Zabek, L.M.2    Staley, C.L.3    Kabzems, R.4
  • 53
    • 0034212548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A practical decision-analysis process for ecosystem management
    • doi:10.1016/S0168-1699(00)00108-3
    • Rauscher, H.M., Lloyd, F.T., Loftis, D.L., and Twery, M.J. 2000. A practical decision-analysis process for ecosystem management. Comput. Electron. Agric. 27: 195-226. doi:10.1016/S0168-1699(00)00108-3.
    • (2000) Comput. Electron. Agric , vol.27 , pp. 195-226
    • Rauscher, H.M.1    Lloyd, F.T.2    Loftis, D.L.3    Twery, M.J.4
  • 54
    • 0021569699 scopus 로고
    • Estimating the error in model predictions
    • Reynolds, M.R. 1984. Estimating the error in model predictions. For. Sci. 30: 454-469.
    • (1984) For. Sci , vol.30 , pp. 454-469
    • Reynolds, M.R.1
  • 55
    • 2942717231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Model validation using equivalence tests
    • doi:10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2004.01.013
    • Robinson, A.P., and Froese, R.E. 2004. Model validation using equivalence tests. Ecol. Model. 176: 349-358. doi:10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2004.01.013.
    • (2004) Ecol. Model , vol.176 , pp. 349-358
    • Robinson, A.P.1    Froese, R.E.2
  • 56
    • 22344437953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A regression-based equivalence test for model validation: Shifting the burden of proof
    • Robinson, A.P., Duursma, R., and Marshall, J.D. 2005. A regression-based equivalence test for model validation: shifting the burden of proof. Tree Physiol. 25: 903-913.
    • (2005) Tree Physiol , vol.25 , pp. 903-913
    • Robinson, A.P.1    Duursma, R.2    Marshall, J.D.3
  • 57
    • 0032032814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statistical assessment of model goodness-of-fit using permutation tests
    • doi:10.1016/S0304-3800(97)00188-9
    • Rose, K.A., and Smith, E.P. 1998. Statistical assessment of model goodness-of-fit using permutation tests. Ecol. Model. 106: 129-139. doi:10.1016/S0304-3800(97)00188-9.
    • (1998) Ecol. Model , vol.106 , pp. 129-139
    • Rose, K.A.1    Smith, E.P.2
  • 58
    • 0030274304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testing ecological models: The meaning of validation
    • doi:10.1016/0304-3800(95)00152-2
    • Rykiel, E.J. 1996. Testing ecological models: the meaning of validation. Ecol. Model. 90: 229-244. doi:10.1016/0304-3800(95)00152-2.
    • (1996) Ecol. Model , vol.90 , pp. 229-244
    • Rykiel, E.J.1
  • 59
    • 38149142973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sachs, D., and Trofymow, J.A. 1991. Testing the performance of FORCYTE-11 against results from the Shawnigan Lake thinning and fertilization trials in Douglas-Fir. Can. For. Serv. Pac. For. Res. Cent. Inf. Rep. BC-X-324.
    • Sachs, D., and Trofymow, J.A. 1991. Testing the performance of FORCYTE-11 against results from the Shawnigan Lake thinning and fertilization trials in Douglas-Fir. Can. For. Serv. Pac. For. Res. Cent. Inf. Rep. BC-X-324.
  • 60
    • 38149085603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SAS Institute Inc. 2002. JMP 5.0.1 user's manual. SAS Institute Inc., SAS Campus Drive, Cary, N.C.
    • SAS Institute Inc. 2002. JMP 5.0.1 user's manual. SAS Institute Inc., SAS Campus Drive, Cary, N.C.
  • 62
    • 38149004680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seely, B., and Welham, C. 2006. Towards the application of SOM as a measure of ecosystem productivity in the Quesnel Forest District: deriving thresholds, determining effective sampling regimes, and evaluating practices. Rep. FSP Y061143. Prepared for British Columbia Ministry of Forests Forest Sciences Program, Victoria, B.C.
    • Seely, B., and Welham, C. 2006. Towards the application of SOM as a measure of ecosystem productivity in the Quesnel Forest District: deriving thresholds, determining effective sampling regimes, and evaluating practices. Rep. FSP Y061143. Prepared for British Columbia Ministry of Forests Forest Sciences Program, Victoria, B.C.
  • 63
    • 0032838630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecosystem management models: Defining stand-level sustainability exploring stand-level stewardship
    • Seely, B., Kimmins, J.P., Welham, C., and Scoullar, K.A. 1999. Ecosystem management models: defining stand-level sustainability exploring stand-level stewardship. J. For. 97: 4-10.
    • (1999) J. For , vol.97 , pp. 4-10
    • Seely, B.1    Kimmins, J.P.2    Welham, C.3    Scoullar, K.A.4
  • 64
    • 0037105801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carbon sequestration in a boreal forest ecosystem: Results from the ecosystem simulation model, FORECAST
    • Seely, B., Welham, C., and Kimmins, H. 2002. Carbon sequestration in a boreal forest ecosystem: results from the ecosystem simulation model, FORECAST. For. Ecol. Manag. 169: 123-135.
    • (2002) For. Ecol. Manag , vol.169 , pp. 123-135
    • Seely, B.1    Welham, C.2    Kimmins, H.3
  • 65
    • 4444247404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The application of a hierarchical, decision-support system to evaluate multi-objective forest management strategies: A case study in northeastern British Columbia, Canada
    • Seely, B., Nelson, J., Wells, R., Peter, B., Meitner, M., Anderson, A., Harshaw, H., Sheppard, S., Bunnell, F.L., Kimmins, H., and Harrison, D. 2004. The application of a hierarchical, decision-support system to evaluate multi-objective forest management strategies: a case study in northeastern British Columbia, Canada. For. Ecol. Manag. 199: 283-305.
    • (2004) For. Ecol. Manag , vol.199 , pp. 283-305
    • Seely, B.1    Nelson, J.2    Wells, R.3    Peter, B.4    Meitner, M.5    Anderson, A.6    Harshaw, H.7    Sheppard, S.8    Bunnell, F.L.9    Kimmins, H.10    Harrison, D.11
  • 66
    • 0028992916 scopus 로고
    • Model goodness-of-fit analysis using regression and related techniques
    • Smith, E.P., and Rose, K.A. 1995. Model goodness-of-fit analysis using regression and related techniques. Ecol. Model. 77: 59-64.
    • (1995) Ecol. Model , vol.77 , pp. 59-64
    • Smith, E.P.1    Rose, K.A.2
  • 68
    • 0000243523 scopus 로고
    • Evaluating a growth model for forest management using continuous forest inventory data
    • Soares, P., Tomé, M., Skovsgaard, J.P., and Vanclay, J.K. 1995. Evaluating a growth model for forest management using continuous forest inventory data. For. Ecol. Manag. 71: 251-265.
    • (1995) For. Ecol. Manag , vol.71 , pp. 251-265
    • Soares, P.1    Tomé, M.2    Skovsgaard, J.P.3    Vanclay, J.K.4
  • 69
  • 70
    • 38149110731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Standish, J.T., Manning, G.H., and Demaershalk, J.P. 1985. Development of biomass equations for British Columbia tree species. Can. For. Serv. Pac. For. Res. Cent. Inf. Rep. BC-X-264.
    • Standish, J.T., Manning, G.H., and Demaershalk, J.P. 1985. Development of biomass equations for British Columbia tree species. Can. For. Serv. Pac. For. Res. Cent. Inf. Rep. BC-X-264.
  • 71
    • 0013692659 scopus 로고
    • Fertilization and thinning effects on a Douglas-fir ecosystem at Shawnigan Lake on Vancouver Island. Some observations on salal and Bracken Fern undergrowth. Can. For. Serv. Pac. For. Res. Cent. Inf
    • Rep. BC-R-1
    • Stanek, W., Beddows, D., and State, D. 1979. Fertilization and thinning effects on a Douglas-fir ecosystem at Shawnigan Lake on Vancouver Island. Some observations on salal and Bracken Fern undergrowth. Can. For. Serv. Pac. For. Res. Cent. Inf. Rep. BC-R-1.
    • (1979)
    • Stanek, W.1    Beddows, D.2    State, D.3
  • 72
    • 0030982334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Applicability of the forest stand growth simulator PROGNAUS for the Austrian part of the Bohemian Massif
    • doi:10.1016/S0304-3800(96)01934-5
    • Sterba, H., and Monserud, R.A. 1997. Applicability of the forest stand growth simulator PROGNAUS for the Austrian part of the Bohemian Massif. Ecol. Model. 98: 23-34. doi:10.1016/S0304-3800(96)01934-5.
    • (1997) Ecol. Model , vol.98 , pp. 23-34
    • Sterba, H.1    Monserud, R.A.2
  • 73
    • 0036983239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • All models are wrong: Reflections on becoming a systems scientist
    • Sterman, J. 2002. All models are wrong: reflections on becoming a systems scientist. Syst. Dyn. Rev. 18: 501-531.
    • (2002) Syst. Dyn. Rev , vol.18 , pp. 501-531
    • Sterman, J.1
  • 74
    • 0026270629 scopus 로고
    • Substrate control of litter decomposition in four Rock Mountain coniferous forests
    • Taylor, B.R., Prescott, C.E., Parsons, W.F.J., and Parkinson, D. 1991. Substrate control of litter decomposition in four Rock Mountain coniferous forests. Can. J. Bot. 69: 2242-2250.
    • (1991) Can. J. Bot , vol.69 , pp. 2242-2250
    • Taylor, B.R.1    Prescott, C.E.2    Parsons, W.F.J.3    Parkinson, D.4
  • 76
    • 0026312352 scopus 로고
    • Annual rates and elemental concentrations of litter fall in thinned and fertilized Douglas-fir
    • Trofymow, J.A., Barclay, H.J., and McCullough, K.M. 1991. Annual rates and elemental concentrations of litter fall in thinned and fertilized Douglas-fir. Can. J. For. Res. 21: 1601-1615.
    • (1991) Can. J. For. Res , vol.21 , pp. 1601-1615
    • Trofymow, J.A.1    Barclay, H.J.2    McCullough, K.M.3
  • 77
    • 0030988826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluating forest growth models
    • doi:10.1016/S0304-3800(96)01932-1
    • Vanclay, J.K., and Skovsgaard, J.P. 1997. Evaluating forest growth models. Ecol. Model. 98: 1-12. doi:10.1016/S0304-3800(96)01932-1.
    • (1997) Ecol. Model , vol.98 , pp. 1-12
    • Vanclay, J.K.1    Skovsgaard, J.P.2
  • 78
    • 0037840590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disturbances and the sustainability of long-term site productivity in lodgepole pine forests in the central interior of British Columbia - an ecosystem modeling approach
    • doi:10.1016/S0304-3800(03)00062-0
    • Wei, X., Kimmins, J.P., and Zhou, G. 2003. Disturbances and the sustainability of long-term site productivity in lodgepole pine forests in the central interior of British Columbia - an ecosystem modeling approach. Ecol. Model. 164: 239-256. doi:10.1016/S0304-3800(03)00062-0.
    • (2003) Ecol. Model , vol.164 , pp. 239-256
    • Wei, X.1    Kimmins, J.P.2    Zhou, G.3
  • 79
    • 0036443610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The utility of the two-pass harvesting system: An analysis using the ecosystem simulation model FORECAST
    • doi:10.1139/x02-029
    • Welham, C., Seely, B., and Kimmins, H. 2002. The utility of the two-pass harvesting system: an analysis using the ecosystem simulation model FORECAST. Can. J. For. Res. 32: 1071-1079. doi:10.1139/x02-029.
    • (2002) Can. J. For. Res , vol.32 , pp. 1071-1079
    • Welham, C.1    Seely, B.2    Kimmins, H.3
  • 80
    • 34547511228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Projected long-term productivity in Saskatchewan hybrid poplar plantations: Weed competition and fertilizer effects
    • Welham, C., Van Rees, K., Seely, B., and Kimmins, H. 2007. Projected long-term productivity in Saskatchewan hybrid poplar plantations: weed competition and fertilizer effects. Can. J. For. Res. 37: 356-370.
    • (2007) Can. J. For. Res , vol.37 , pp. 356-370
    • Welham, C.1    Van Rees, K.2    Seely, B.3    Kimmins, H.4
  • 82
    • 38149027976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrating socio-economic and ecological indicators of sustainability: Bridging boundaries between groups and fields of expertise. Sustainable Forest Management Network Workshop, 9-11 February 2001, Trois-Rivières
    • Sustainable Forest Management Network, Edmonton, Alta
    • Yamasaki, S.H., Kneeshaw, D.D., and Munson, A.D. 2001. Integrating socio-economic and ecological indicators of sustainability: bridging boundaries between groups and fields of expertise. Sustainable Forest Management Network Workshop, 9-11 February 2001, Trois-Rivières, Qué. Proceedings No. 2001-6. Sustainable Forest Management Network, Edmonton, Alta.
    • (2001) Qué. Proceedings , Issue.2001-2006
    • Yamasaki, S.H.1    Kneeshaw, D.D.2    Munson, A.D.3
  • 83
    • 2942724489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An evaluation of diagnostic tests and their roles in validating forest biometric models
    • doi:10.1139/x03-230
    • Yang, Y., Monserud, R.A., and Huang, S. 2004. An evaluation of diagnostic tests and their roles in validating forest biometric models. Can. J. For. Res. 34: 619-629. doi:10.1139/x03-230.
    • (2004) Can. J. For. Res , vol.34 , pp. 619-629
    • Yang, Y.1    Monserud, R.A.2    Huang, S.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.