메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 46, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 255-264

Growth and pigment production on D-tryptophan medium by Cryptococcus gattii, Cryptococcus neoformans, and Candida albicans

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AGAR; CARBON; DOPA; FRUCTOSE; GLYCINE; MELANIN; METHANOL; PIGMENT; PROLINE; TRYPTOPHAN;

EID: 38149010299     PISSN: 00951137     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.01721-07     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (20)

References (58)
  • 1
    • 0014313796 scopus 로고
    • Ultraviolet microscopy of purines and amino acids in the vacuole of Candida albicans
    • Balish, E., and G. Svihla. 1968. Ultraviolet microscopy of purines and amino acids in the vacuole of Candida albicans. J. Bacteriol. 96:259-265.
    • (1968) J. Bacteriol , vol.96 , pp. 259-265
    • Balish, E.1    Svihla, G.2
  • 2
    • 2642615378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • First identification of autochthonous Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii isolated from goats with predominantly severe pulmonary disease in Spain
    • Baro, T., J. M. Torres-Rodriguez, M. H. De Mendoza, Y. Morera, and C. Alia. 1998. First identification of autochthonous Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii isolated from goats with predominantly severe pulmonary disease in Spain. J. Clin. Microbiol. 36:458-461.
    • (1998) J. Clin. Microbiol , vol.36 , pp. 458-461
    • Baro, T.1    Torres-Rodriguez, J.M.2    De Mendoza, M.H.3    Morera, Y.4    Alia, C.5
  • 3
    • 0344959575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serotyping of Cryptococcus neoformans isolates from clinical and environmental sources in Spain
    • Baro, T., J. M. Torres-Rodriguez, Y. Morera, C. Alia, O. Lopez, and R. Mendez. 1999. Serotyping of Cryptococcus neoformans isolates from clinical and environmental sources in Spain. J. Clin. Microbiol. 37:1170-1172.
    • (1999) J. Clin. Microbiol , vol.37 , pp. 1170-1172
    • Baro, T.1    Torres-Rodriguez, J.M.2    Morera, Y.3    Alia, C.4    Lopez, O.5    Mendez, R.6
  • 4
    • 0018142874 scopus 로고
    • Biochemical differences between serotypes of Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Bennett, J. E., K. J. Kwon-Chung, and T. S. Theodore. 1978. Biochemical differences between serotypes of Cryptococcus neoformans. Sabouraudia 16:167-174.
    • (1978) Sabouraudia , vol.16 , pp. 167-174
    • Bennett, J.E.1    Kwon-Chung, K.J.2    Theodore, T.S.3
  • 5
    • 0035504487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conserved tryptophan in cytochrome c: Importance of the unique side-chain features of the indole moiety
    • Black, K. M., I. Clark-Lewis, and C. J. Wallace. 2001. Conserved tryptophan in cytochrome c: importance of the unique side-chain features of the indole moiety. Biochem. J. 359:715-720.
    • (2001) Biochem. J , vol.359 , pp. 715-720
    • Black, K.M.1    Clark-Lewis, I.2    Wallace, C.J.3
  • 6
    • 0019406595 scopus 로고
    • A DL-DOPA drop test for the identification of Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Chaskes, S., S. C. Edberg, and J. M. Singer. 1981. A DL-DOPA drop test for the identification of Cryptococcus neoformans. Mycopathologia 74:143-148.
    • (1981) Mycopathologia , vol.74 , pp. 143-148
    • Chaskes, S.1    Edberg, S.C.2    Singer, J.M.3
  • 7
    • 0016231158 scopus 로고
    • Pigmentation and autofluorescence of Candida species after growth on tryptophan media
    • Chaskes, S., and A. W. Phillips. 1974. Pigmentation and autofluorescence of Candida species after growth on tryptophan media. Can. J. Microbiol. 20:595-603.
    • (1974) Can. J. Microbiol , vol.20 , pp. 595-603
    • Chaskes, S.1    Phillips, A.W.2
  • 8
    • 0018179218 scopus 로고
    • Pigment production by Cryptococcus neoformans and other Cryptococcus species from aminophenols and diaminobenzenes
    • Chaskes, S., and R. L. Tyndall. 1978. Pigment production by Cryptococcus neoformans and other Cryptococcus species from aminophenols and diaminobenzenes. J. Clin. Microbiol. 7:146-152.
    • (1978) J. Clin. Microbiol , vol.7 , pp. 146-152
    • Chaskes, S.1    Tyndall, R.L.2
  • 9
    • 0016835476 scopus 로고
    • Pigment production by Cryptococcus neoformans from para- and ortho-diphenols: Effect of the nitrogen source
    • Chaskes, S., and R. L. Tyndall. 1975. Pigment production by Cryptococcus neoformans from para- and ortho-diphenols: effect of the nitrogen source. J. Clin. Microbiol. 1:509-514.
    • (1975) J. Clin. Microbiol , vol.1 , pp. 509-514
    • Chaskes, S.1    Tyndall, R.L.2
  • 10
    • 0018172236 scopus 로고
    • Pigmentation and autofluorescence of Cryptococcus species after growth on tryptophan and anthranilic acid media
    • Chaskes, S., and R. L. Tyndall. 1978. Pigmentation and autofluorescence of Cryptococcus species after growth on tryptophan and anthranilic acid media. Mycopathologia 64:105-112.
    • (1978) Mycopathologia , vol.64 , pp. 105-112
    • Chaskes, S.1    Tyndall, R.L.2
  • 12
    • 0037881905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interfacial anchor properties of tryptophan residues in transmembrane peptides can dominate over hydrophobic matching effects in peptide-lipid interactions
    • de Planque, M. R., B. B. Bonev, J. A. Demmers, D. V. Greathouse, R. E. Koeppe II, F. Separovic, A. Watts, and J. A. Killian. 2003. Interfacial anchor properties of tryptophan residues in transmembrane peptides can dominate over hydrophobic matching effects in peptide-lipid interactions. Biochemistry 42:5341-5348.
    • (2003) Biochemistry , vol.42 , pp. 5341-5348
    • de Planque, M.R.1    Bonev, B.B.2    Demmers, J.A.3    Greathouse, D.V.4    Koeppe II, R.E.5    Separovic, F.6    Watts, A.7    Killian, J.A.8
  • 13
    • 0023423351 scopus 로고
    • Rapid identification of the two varieties of Cryptococcus neoformans by D-proline assimilation
    • Dufait, R., R. Velho, and C. De Vroey. 1987. Rapid identification of the two varieties of Cryptococcus neoformans by D-proline assimilation. Mykosen 30:483.
    • (1987) Mykosen , vol.30 , pp. 483
    • Dufait, R.1    Velho, R.2    De Vroey, C.3
  • 14
    • 0018854740 scopus 로고
    • Esculin-based medium for isolation and identification of Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Edberg, S. C., S. J. Chaskes, E. Alture-Werber, and J. M. Singer. 1980. Esculin-based medium for isolation and identification of Cryptococcus neoformans. J. Clin. Microbiol. 12:332-335.
    • (1980) J. Clin. Microbiol , vol.12 , pp. 332-335
    • Edberg, S.C.1    Chaskes, S.J.2    Alture-Werber, E.3    Singer, J.M.4
  • 15
    • 37449017469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcus neoformans laccase catalyzes melanin synthesis from both D- and L-DOPA
    • Eisenman, H. C., M. Mues, S. Weber, S. Frases, S. Chaskes, G. Gerten, and A. Casadevall. 2007. Cryptococcus neoformans laccase catalyzes melanin synthesis from both D- and L-DOPA. Microbiol. 153:3954-3962.
    • (2007) Microbiol , vol.153 , pp. 3954-3962
    • Eisenman, H.C.1    Mues, M.2    Weber, S.3    Frases, S.4    Chaskes, S.5    Gerten, G.6    Casadevall, A.7
  • 16
    • 0027565959 scopus 로고
    • A standard test for the identification and characterization of melanins using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy
    • Enochs, W. S., M. J. Nilges, and H. M. Swartz. 1993. A standard test for the identification and characterization of melanins using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Pigment Cell Res. 6:91-99.
    • (1993) Pigment Cell Res , vol.6 , pp. 91-99
    • Enochs, W.S.1    Nilges, M.J.2    Swartz, H.M.3
  • 17
    • 0033058352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii: Separate varietal status for Cryptococcus neoformans serotype A isolates
    • Franzot, S. P., I. F. Salkin, and A. Casadevall. 1999. Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii: separate varietal status for Cryptococcus neoformans serotype A isolates. J. Clin. Microbiol. 37:838-840.
    • (1999) J. Clin. Microbiol , vol.37 , pp. 838-840
    • Franzot, S.P.1    Salkin, I.F.2    Casadevall, A.3
  • 18
    • 33144454645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction by Klebsiella aerogenes of a melanin-like pigment in Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Frases, S., S. Chaskes, E. Dadachova, and A. Casadevall. 2006. Induction by Klebsiella aerogenes of a melanin-like pigment in Cryptococcus neoformans. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 72:1542-1550.
    • (2006) Appl. Environ. Microbiol , vol.72 , pp. 1542-1550
    • Frases, S.1    Chaskes, S.2    Dadachova, E.3    Casadevall, A.4
  • 19
    • 33846456260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcus neoformans can utilize the bacterial melanin precursor homogentisic acid for fungal melanogenesis
    • Frases, S., A. Salazar, E. Dadachova, and A. Casadevall. 2007. Cryptococcus neoformans can utilize the bacterial melanin precursor homogentisic acid for fungal melanogenesis. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 73:615-621.
    • (2007) Appl. Environ. Microbiol , vol.73 , pp. 615-621
    • Frases, S.1    Salazar, A.2    Dadachova, E.3    Casadevall, A.4
  • 20
    • 27844557343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative analysis of Cryptococcus neoformans acid-resistant particles generated from pigmented cells grown in different laccase substrates
    • Garcia-Rivera, J., H. C. Eisenman, J. D. Nosanchuk, P. Aisen, O. Zaragoza, T. Moadel, E. Dadachova, and A. Casadevall. 2005. Comparative analysis of Cryptococcus neoformans acid-resistant particles generated from pigmented cells grown in different laccase substrates. Fungal Genet. Biol. 42:989-998.
    • (2005) Fungal Genet. Biol , vol.42 , pp. 989-998
    • Garcia-Rivera, J.1    Eisenman, H.C.2    Nosanchuk, J.D.3    Aisen, P.4    Zaragoza, O.5    Moadel, T.6    Dadachova, E.7    Casadevall, A.8
  • 21
    • 4544251213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcus neoformans infections at Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre (1997-2002): Epidemiology, microbiology and histopathology
    • Hoang, L. M., J. A. Maguire, P. Doyle, M. Fyfe, and D. L. Roscoe. 2004. Cryptococcus neoformans infections at Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre (1997-2002): epidemiology, microbiology and histopathology. J. Med. Microbiol. 53:935-940.
    • (2004) J. Med. Microbiol , vol.53 , pp. 935-940
    • Hoang, L.M.1    Maguire, J.A.2    Doyle, P.3    Fyfe, M.4    Roscoe, D.L.5
  • 22
    • 0027491089 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of a phenol oxidase from Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans
    • Ikeda, R., T. Shinoda, T. Morita, and E. S. Jacobson. 1993. Characterization of a phenol oxidase from Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans. Microbiol. Immunol. 37:759-764.
    • (1993) Microbiol. Immunol , vol.37 , pp. 759-764
    • Ikeda, R.1    Shinoda, T.2    Morita, T.3    Jacobson, E.S.4
  • 24
    • 0018172841 scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcus bacillisporus sp. nov: Serotype B-C of Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Kwon-Chung, K. J., J. E. Bennett, and T. S. Theodore. 1978. Cryptococcus bacillisporus sp. nov: serotype B-C of Cryptococcus neoformans. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 28:616-620.
    • (1978) Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol , vol.28 , pp. 616-620
    • Kwon-Chung, K.J.1    Bennett, J.E.2    Theodore, T.S.3
  • 25
    • 0020059397 scopus 로고
    • Improved diagnostic medium for separation of Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans (serotypes A and D) and Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii (serotypes B and C)
    • Kwon-Chung, K. J., I. Polacheck, and J. E. Bennett. 1982. Improved diagnostic medium for separation of Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans (serotypes A and D) and Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii (serotypes B and C). J. Clin. Microbiol. 15:535-537.
    • (1982) J. Clin. Microbiol , vol.15 , pp. 535-537
    • Kwon-Chung, K.J.1    Polacheck, I.2    Bennett, J.E.3
  • 26
    • 0021067203 scopus 로고
    • Utilization of indole compounds by Cryptococcus neoformans to produce a melanin-like pigment
    • Kwon-Chung, K. J., W. K. Tom, and J. L. Costa. 1983. Utilization of indole compounds by Cryptococcus neoformans to produce a melanin-like pigment. J. Clin. Microbiol. 18:1419-1421.
    • (1983) J. Clin. Microbiol , vol.18 , pp. 1419-1421
    • Kwon-Chung, K.J.1    Tom, W.K.2    Costa, J.L.3
  • 27
    • 33646587331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do major species concepts support one, two or more species within Cryptococcus neoformans?
    • Kwon-Chung, K. J., and A. Varma. 2006. Do major species concepts support one, two or more species within Cryptococcus neoformans? FEMS Yeast Res. 6:574-587.
    • (2006) FEMS Yeast Res , vol.6 , pp. 574-587
    • Kwon-Chung, K.J.1    Varma, A.2
  • 28
    • 0032787129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of lipid exposure of tryptophan residues in membrane peptides and proteins
    • Ladokhin, A. S. 1999. Evaluation of lipid exposure of tryptophan residues in membrane peptides and proteins. Anal. Biochem. 276:65-71.
    • (1999) Anal. Biochem , vol.276 , pp. 65-71
    • Ladokhin, A.S.1
  • 29
    • 23944474612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of clinical isolates of Cryptococcus gattii serotype C among patients with AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa
    • Litvintseva, A. P., R. Thakur, L. B. Relier, and T. G. Mitchell. 2005. Prevalence of clinical isolates of Cryptococcus gattii serotype C among patients with AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa. J. Infect. Dis. 192:888-892.
    • (2005) J. Infect. Dis , vol.192 , pp. 888-892
    • Litvintseva, A.P.1    Thakur, R.2    Relier, L.B.3    Mitchell, T.G.4
  • 32
    • 0023847614 scopus 로고
    • Biology of asaccharolytic black-pigmented Bacteroides species
    • Mayrand, D., and S. C. Holt. 1988. Biology of asaccharolytic black-pigmented Bacteroides species. Microbiol. Rev. 52:134-152.
    • (1988) Microbiol. Rev , vol.52 , pp. 134-152
    • Mayrand, D.1    Holt, S.C.2
  • 33
    • 33750593614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population-based surveillance for cryptococcosis in an antiretroviral-naïve South African province with a high HIV seroprevalence
    • for the Gauteng Cryptococcal Surveillance Initiative Group
    • McCarthy, K. M., J. Morgan, K. A. Wannemuehler, S. A. Mirza, S. M. Gould, N. Mhlongo, P. Moeng, B. R. Maloba, H. H. Crew-Brown, M. E. Brandt, and R. A. Hajjeh for the Gauteng Cryptococcal Surveillance Initiative Group. 2006. Population-based surveillance for cryptococcosis in an antiretroviral-naïve South African province with a high HIV seroprevalence. AIDS 20:2199-2206.
    • (2006) AIDS , vol.20 , pp. 2199-2206
    • McCarthy, K.M.1    Morgan, J.2    Wannemuehler, K.A.3    Mirza, S.A.4    Gould, S.M.5    Mhlongo, N.6    Moeng, P.7    Maloba, B.R.8    Crew-Brown, H.H.9    Brandt, M.E.10    Hajjeh, R.A.11
  • 34
    • 33750282174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcus gattii infection: Characteristics and epidemiology of cases identified in a South African province with high HIV seroprevalence, 2002-2004
    • for the Guateng Cryptococcal Surveillance Iniative Group
    • Morgan, J., K. M. McCarthy, S. Gould, K. Fan, B. Arthington-Skaggs, N. Iqbal, K. Stamey, R. A. Hajjeh, and M. E. Brandt for the Guateng Cryptococcal Surveillance Iniative Group. 2006. Cryptococcus gattii infection: characteristics and epidemiology of cases identified in a South African province with high HIV seroprevalence, 2002-2004. Clin. Infect. Dis. 43:1077-1080.
    • (2006) Clin. Infect. Dis , vol.43 , pp. 1077-1080
    • Morgan, J.1    McCarthy, K.M.2    Gould, S.3    Fan, K.4    Arthington-Skaggs, B.5    Iqbal, N.6    Stamey, K.7    Hajjeh, R.A.8    Brandt, M.E.9
  • 35
    • 84907132974 scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii can be separated from var. neoformans by its ability to assimilate D-tryptophan
    • Mukamurangwa, P., C. Raes-Wuytack, and C. De Vroey. 1995. Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii can be separated from var. neoformans by its ability to assimilate D-tryptophan. J. Med. Vet. Mycol. 33:419-420.
    • (1995) J. Med. Vet. Mycol , vol.33 , pp. 419-420
    • Mukamurangwa, P.1    Raes-Wuytack, C.2    De Vroey, C.3
  • 36
    • 0014517559 scopus 로고
    • Ultaviolet red fluorescence of Bacteroides melaninogenicus
    • Myers, M. B., G. Cherry, B. B. Bornside, and G. H. Bornside. 1969. Ultaviolet red fluorescence of Bacteroides melaninogenicus. Appl. Microbiol. 17:760-762.
    • (1969) Appl. Microbiol , vol.17 , pp. 760-762
    • Myers, M.B.1    Cherry, G.2    Bornside, B.B.3    Bornside, G.H.4
  • 37
    • 33748493587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indole localization in lipid membranes revealed by molecular simulation
    • Norman, K. E., and H. Nymeyer. 2006. Indole localization in lipid membranes revealed by molecular simulation. Biophys. J. 91:2046-2054.
    • (2006) Biophys. J , vol.91 , pp. 2046-2054
    • Norman, K.E.1    Nymeyer, H.2
  • 38
    • 0030896419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular charge of Cryptococcus neoformans: Contributions from the capsular polysaccharide, melanin, and monoclonal antibody binding
    • Nosanchuk, J. D., and A. Casadevall. 1997. Cellular charge of Cryptococcus neoformans: contributions from the capsular polysaccharide, melanin, and monoclonal antibody binding. Infect. Immun. 65:1836-1841.
    • (1997) Infect. Immun , vol.65 , pp. 1836-1841
    • Nosanchuk, J.D.1    Casadevall, A.2
  • 39
    • 0037396440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The contribution of melanin to microbial pathogenesis
    • Nosanchuk, J. D., and A. Casadevall. 2003. The contribution of melanin to microbial pathogenesis. Cell Microbiol. 5:203-223.
    • (2003) Cell Microbiol , vol.5 , pp. 203-223
    • Nosanchuk, J.D.1    Casadevall, A.2
  • 40
    • 0032851212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence that Cryptococcus neoformans is melanized in pigeon excreta: Implications for pathogenesis
    • Nosanchuk, J. D., J. Rudolph, A. L. Rosas, and A. Casadevall. 1999. Evidence that Cryptococcus neoformans is melanized in pigeon excreta: implications for pathogenesis. Infect. Immun. 67:5477-5479.
    • (1999) Infect. Immun , vol.67 , pp. 5477-5479
    • Nosanchuk, J.D.1    Rudolph, J.2    Rosas, A.L.3    Casadevall, A.4
  • 41
    • 0018616480 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of melanin production by Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Nurudeen, T. A., and D. G. Ahearn. 1979. Regulation of melanin production by Cryptococcus neoformans. J. Clin. Microbiol. 10:724-729.
    • (1979) J. Clin. Microbiol , vol.10 , pp. 724-729
    • Nurudeen, T.A.1    Ahearn, D.G.2
  • 42
    • 0031018258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ferric iron reduction by Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Nyhus, K. J., A. T. Wilborn, and E. S. Jacobson. 1997. Ferric iron reduction by Cryptococcus neoformans. Infect. Immun. 65:434-438.
    • (1997) Infect. Immun , vol.65 , pp. 434-438
    • Nyhus, K.J.1    Wilborn, A.T.2    Jacobson, E.S.3
  • 43
    • 0017854303 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of a simplified Guizotia abyssinica seed medium for differentiation of Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Paliwal, D. K., and H. S. Randhawa. 1978. Evaluation of a simplified Guizotia abyssinica seed medium for differentiation of Cryptococcus neoformans. J. Clin. Microbiol. 7:346-348.
    • (1978) J. Clin. Microbiol , vol.7 , pp. 346-348
    • Paliwal, D.K.1    Randhawa, H.S.2
  • 44
    • 0020264515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polacheck, I., V. J. Hearing, and K. J. Kwon-Chung. 1982. Biochemical studies of phenoloxidase and utilization of catecholamines in Cryptococcus neoformans. J. Bacteriol. 150:1212-1220.
    • Polacheck, I., V. J. Hearing, and K. J. Kwon-Chung. 1982. Biochemical studies of phenoloxidase and utilization of catecholamines in Cryptococcus neoformans. J. Bacteriol. 150:1212-1220.
  • 45
    • 0023935125 scopus 로고
    • Melanogenesis in Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Polacheck, I., and K. J. Kwon-Chung. 1988. Melanogenesis in Cryptococcus neoformans. J. Gen. Microbiol. 134:1037-1041.
    • (1988) J. Gen. Microbiol , vol.134 , pp. 1037-1041
    • Polacheck, I.1    Kwon-Chung, K.J.2
  • 46
    • 0025002652 scopus 로고
    • Catecholamines and virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Polacheck, I., Y. Platt, and J. Aronovitch. 1990. Catecholamines and virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans. Infect. Immun. 58:2919-2922.
    • (1990) Infect. Immun , vol.58 , pp. 2919-2922
    • Polacheck, I.1    Platt, Y.2    Aronovitch, J.3
  • 48
    • 0020062063 scopus 로고
    • New medium for differentiation of Cryptococcus neoformans serotype pairs
    • Salkin, I. F., and N. J. Hurd. 1982. New medium for differentiation of Cryptococcus neoformans serotype pairs. J. Clin. Microbiol. 15:169-171.
    • (1982) J. Clin. Microbiol , vol.15 , pp. 169-171
    • Salkin, I.F.1    Hurd, N.J.2
  • 49
    • 33645173778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biophysical studies on melanin: Paramagnetic, ion-exchange and redox properties of melanin pigments and their photoreactivity
    • Springer, New York, NY
    • Sarna, T., and P. M. Plonka. 2005. Biophysical studies on melanin: paramagnetic, ion-exchange and redox properties of melanin pigments and their photoreactivity, p. 125-146. In Biomedical EPR, part A: free radical, metals, medicine, and physiology, vol. 23. Springer, New York, NY.
    • (2005) Biomedical EPR, part A: Free radical, metals, medicine, and physiology , vol.23 , pp. 125-146
    • Sarna, T.1    Plonka, P.M.2
  • 50
    • 0026557830 scopus 로고
    • The functions of tryptophan residues in membrane proteins
    • Schiffer, M., C. H. Chang, and F. J. Stevens. 1992. The functions of tryptophan residues in membrane proteins. Protein Eng. 5:213-214.
    • (1992) Protein Eng , vol.5 , pp. 213-214
    • Schiffer, M.1    Chang, C.H.2    Stevens, F.J.3
  • 51
    • 0020374737 scopus 로고
    • Long-wave UV light fluorescence for identification of black-pigmented Bacteroides spp
    • Slots, J., and H. S. Reynolds. 1982. Long-wave UV light fluorescence for identification of black-pigmented Bacteroides spp. J. Clin. Microbiol. 16:1148-1151.
    • (1982) J. Clin. Microbiol , vol.16 , pp. 1148-1151
    • Slots, J.1    Reynolds, H.S.2
  • 52
    • 0035039544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcus neoformans variety gattii
    • Sorrell, T. C. 2001. Cryptococcus neoformans variety gattii. Med. Mycol. 39:155-168.
    • (2001) Med. Mycol , vol.39 , pp. 155-168
    • Sorrell, T.C.1
  • 53
    • 0034061496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans (serotype D) and Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii (serotype A) isolates in New York City
    • Steenbergen, J. N., and A. Casadevall. 2000. Prevalence of Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans (serotype D) and Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii (serotype A) isolates in New York City. J. Clin. Microbiol. 38:1974-1976.
    • (2000) J. Clin. Microbiol , vol.38 , pp. 1974-1976
    • Steenbergen, J.N.1    Casadevall, A.2
  • 54
    • 34548670266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • First contemporary case of human infection with Cryptococcus gattii in Puget Sound: Evidence for spread of the Vancouver Island outbreak
    • Upton, A., J. A. Fraser, S. E. Kidd, C. Bretz, K. H. Bartlett, J. Heitman, and K. A. Marr. 2007. First contemporary case of human infection with Cryptococcus gattii in Puget Sound: evidence for spread of the Vancouver Island outbreak. J. Clin. Microbiol. 45:3086-3088.
    • (2007) J. Clin. Microbiol , vol.45 , pp. 3086-3088
    • Upton, A.1    Fraser, J.A.2    Kidd, S.E.3    Bretz, C.4    Bartlett, K.H.5    Heitman, J.6    Marr, K.A.7
  • 55
    • 0017707881 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of a caffeic acid-ferric citrate test for rapid identification of Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Wang, H. S., R. T. Zeimis, and G. D. Roberts. 1977. Evaluation of a caffeic acid-ferric citrate test for rapid identification of Cryptococcus neoformans. J. Clin. Microbiol. 6:445-449.
    • (1977) J. Clin. Microbiol , vol.6 , pp. 445-449
    • Wang, H.S.1    Zeimis, R.T.2    Roberts, G.D.3
  • 56
    • 0029883404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Melanin, melanin "ghosts," and melanin composition in Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Wang, Y., P. Aisen, and A. Casadevall. 1996. Melanin, melanin "ghosts," and melanin composition in Cryptococcus neoformans. Infect. Immun. 64:2420-2424.
    • (1996) Infect. Immun , vol.64 , pp. 2420-2424
    • Wang, Y.1    Aisen, P.2    Casadevall, A.3
  • 57
    • 0032552880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The preference of tryptophan for membrane interfaces
    • Yau, W. M., W. C. Wimley, K. Gawrisch, and S. H. White. 1998. The preference of tryptophan for membrane interfaces. Biochemistry 37:14713-14718.
    • (1998) Biochemistry , vol.37 , pp. 14713-14718
    • Yau, W.M.1    Wimley, W.C.2    Gawrisch, K.3    White, S.H.4
  • 58
    • 4644240769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of laccase in the biology and virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Zhu, X., and P. R. Williamson. 2004. Role of laccase in the biology and virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans. FEMS Yeast Res. 5:1-10.
    • (2004) FEMS Yeast Res , vol.5 , pp. 1-10
    • Zhu, X.1    Williamson, P.R.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.