Air-trench splitters for ultra-compact ring resonators in low refractive index contrast waveguides

Optics Express

Volumn 16, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 456-465

  Rahmanian, Nazli ^a   Kim, Seunghyun ^b   Lin, Yongbin ^a   Nordin, Gregory P ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA IN HUNTSVILLE   (United States)

^b Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ETCHING; FINITE DIFFERENCE TIME DOMAIN METHOD; OPTICAL LOSSES; OPTICAL WAVEGUIDES; REFLECTION; REFRACTIVE INDEX; TWO DIMENSIONAL;

AIR TRENCH SPLITTERS; RING RESONATOR (RR); TRANSMISSION SPLITTING RATIO; TWO DIMENSIONAL FINITE DIFFERENCE TIME DOMAIN (2D-FDTD);

RESONATORS;

AIR; ARTICLE; ELECTRONICS; EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT DESIGN; FIBER OPTICS; INSTRUMENTATION; REFRACTOMETRY;

AIR; EQUIPMENT DESIGN; EQUIPMENT FAILURE ANALYSIS; FIBER OPTICS; MINIATURIZATION; REFRACTOMETRY;

EID: 38049170637     PISSN: None     EISSN: 10944087     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1364/OE.16.000456     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. D. -G. Sun, Y. Zlia, T. Liu, Y. Zhang, X. Li, and X. Fu, "Demonstration for rearrangeable nonblocking 8×8 matrix optical switches based on extended banyan networks," Opt. Express 15, 9347-9356 (2007).
2. W. Lin, C. J. Sun, and K. M. Schmidt, "Hybrid integration platform based on silica on silicon planar lightwave circuits," Proc. of SPIE 6476, (2007).
3. W. -Y. Chen, R. Grover, T. A. Ibrahim, V. Van, W. N. Herman, and P. -T. Ho, "High-Finesse Laterally Coupled Single-Mode Benzocyclobutene Microring Resonators," IEEE Photon. Tech. Lett. 16, 470-472, (2004).
4. A. Yeniay, R. Gao, K. Takayama, R. Gao, and A. F. Garito, "Ultra-low-loss polymer waveguides," J. Lightwave Technol. 22, 154-158, (2004).
5. L. Zuo, H. Suzuki, K. Kong, J. Si, M.M. Aye, A. Watabe and S. Takahashi, "Athermal silica based interferometer type planar lightewave circuits realized by a multicore fabrication method," Opt. Lett. 28, 1046-1048, (2003).
6. P. Rabiei, W. H. Steier, C. Zhang, and L. R. Dalton, "Polymer Micro-Ring Filters and Modulators," J. Lightwave. Technol., 20, 1968-1975, (2002).
7. L. A. Eldada, "Polymer integrated optics: promise versus practicality," Proc of. SPIE 4642, 11-22, (2002).
8. B. Schmidt, Q. Xu, J. Shakya, S. Manipatruni, and M. Lipson, "Compact electro-optic modulator on silicon-on-insulator substrates using cavities with ultra-small modal volumes," Opt. Express 15, 3140-3148 (2007).
9. H. Fukuda, K. Yamada, T. Tsuchizawa, T. Watanabe, H. Shinojima, and S. -i. Itabashi, "Ultrasmall polarization splitter based on silicon wire waveguides," Opt. Express 14, 12401-12408 (2006).
10. W. Bogaerts, R. Baets, P. Dumon, V. Wiaux, S. Beckx, D. Taillaert, B. Luyssaert, J. V. Campenhout, P. Bienstman, and D. V. Thourhout, "Nanophotonic Waveguides in Silicon-on-Insulator Fabricated With CMOS Technology," J. Lightwave Technol. 23, 401-412 (2005).
11. Almeida, V. R., Barrios, C. A., Panepucci, R. R., Lipson, M., "All-optical control of light on a silicon chip," Nature 431, 1081-1084, (2004).
12. Y. A. Vlasov and S. J. McNab, "Losses in single-mode silicon-on-insulator strip waveguides and bends," Opt. Express 12, 1622-1631 (2004).
13. S. Kim, J. Jiang, and G. P. Nordin, "Design of compact polymer Mach-Zender interferometer and ring resonator with air trench structures," Opt. Eng. 45, 54602-54609, (2005).
14. L. Li, G. P. Nordin, J. M. English and J. Jiang, "Small-area bends and beamsplitters for low index-contrast waveguides," Opt. Express 11, (2003).
15. J. Cardenas, L. Li, S. Kim and G. P. Nordin, "Compact low loss single air interface bends in polymer waveguides," Opt. Express 12, 5314-5324, (2004).
16. Y. Lin, J. Cardenas, S. Kim and G. P. Nordin, "Reduced loss through improved fabrication for single air interface bends in polymer waveguides," Opt. Express 14, (2006)
17. J. Ballato and S. H. Foulger and Dennis W. Smith, Jr., "Optical properties of perfluorocyclobutylpolymers. II. Theoretical and experimental attenuation," J. Opt. Soc. Am, B 21, (2004).
18. J. Ballato, D. W. Smith, Jr, S. Foulger, "Optical properties of perfluorocyclobutyl polymers," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 20 (9), 1838-1843 (2003).
19. D. W. Smith Jr, S. Chen, S. M. Kumar, J. Ballato, C. Topping, H. V. Shah, and S. H. Foulger, "Perfluorocyclobutyl. Copolymers for Microphonics," Adv. Mater 14 (21), 1585-1589 (2002)
20. Andrea Guarino, Gorazd Poberaj, Daniele Rezzonico, Riccardo Degl'Innocenti & Peter Günter, "Electro-opticaliy tunable microring resonators in lithium niobate," Nature Photonics 1, 407-410 (2007).
21. W. M. J. Green, R. K. Lee, G. A. DeRose, A. Scherer, and A. Yariv, "Hybrid InGaAsP-InP Mach-Zehnder Racetrack Resonator for Thermooptic Switching and Coupling Contro,".Opt. Express 13, 1651-1659, (2005).
22. T.P. White, C. M. de Streke, R.C. McPhedran, T. Huang, and L.C. Botton, "Recirculation enhanced switching in photonic crystal Mach-Zehnder interferometers," Opt. Express 12, 3035-3045, (2004).
23. M. Izutsu, Y. Nakai and T. Sueta, "Operation mechanism of the single-mode optical-waveguide Y junction," Opt. Lett. 17, 136-138, (1982).
24. D.L. Lee,Electromagnetic principles of integrated optics. (New York, John Wiley & Sons, 1986).
25. C.T. Lee and M.L. Wu, "Apexes-Linked circle grating for low-loss waveguide bends," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 13, 597-599, (2001).
26. N. Rahmanian, S. Kim, G. P. Nordin, "Anisotropic, high aspect, ratio etch for perflourocyclobutyl polymers with stress relief technique," J. Vac. Sci. Technol. 24, 2672-2677, (2006).
27. S. Kim, J. Cai, J. Jiang, and G. Nordin, "New ring resonator configuration, using hybrid photonic crystal and conventional waveguide structures," Opt. Express 12, 2356-2364 (2004).