메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 104, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 806-817

The effects of local perfusion of DAMGO on extracellular GABA and glutamate concentrations in the rostral ventromedial medulla

Author keywords

Analgesia; GABA; Glutamate; Microdialysis; Rostral ventromedial medulla

Indexed keywords

2,4 PYRROLIDINEDICARBOXYLIC ACID; 4 AMINOBUTYRIC ACID; DEXTRO PHENYLALANYLCYSTEINYLTYROSYL DEXTRO TRYPTOPHYLARGINYLTHREONYLPENICILLAMINYLTHREONINAMIDE 2,7 DISULFIDE; ENKEPHALIN[2 DEXTRO ALANINE 4 METHYLPHENYLALANINE 5 GLYCINE]; GLUTAMIC ACID; MU OPIATE RECEPTOR;

EID: 38049125301     PISSN: 00223042     EISSN: 14714159     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.05017.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (12)

References (64)
  • 1
    • 0027376769 scopus 로고
    • Nonvesicular release of neurotransmitter
    • Attwell D., Barbour B. Szatkowski M. (1993) Nonvesicular release of neurotransmitter. Neuron 11, 401 407.
    • (1993) Neuron , vol.11 , pp. 401-407
    • Attwell, D.1    Barbour, B.2    Szatkowski, M.3
  • 2
    • 0021288912 scopus 로고
    • Endogenous pain control systems: Brainstem spinal pathways and endorphin circuitry
    • Basbaum A. I. Fields H. L. (1984) Endogenous pain control systems: brainstem spinal pathways and endorphin circuitry. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 7, 309 338.
    • (1984) Annu. Rev. Neurosci. , vol.7 , pp. 309-338
    • Basbaum, A.I.1    Fields, H.L.2
  • 3
    • 0025096103 scopus 로고
    • Relationship of glutamate and aspartate to the periaqueductal gray-raphe magnus projection: Analysis using immunocytochemistry and microdialysis
    • Beitz A. J. (1990) Relationship of glutamate and aspartate to the periaqueductal gray-raphe magnus projection: analysis using immunocytochemistry and microdialysis. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 38, 1755 1765.
    • (1990) J. Histochem. Cytochem. , vol.38 , pp. 1755-1765
    • Beitz, A.J.1
  • 4
    • 0026080845 scopus 로고
    • Conformationally defined neurotransmitter analogues. Selective inhibition of glutamate uptake by one pyrrolidine-2,4-dicarboxylate diastereomer
    • Bridges R. J., Stanley M. S., Anderson M. W., Cotman C. W. Chamberlin A. R. (1991) Conformationally defined neurotransmitter analogues. Selective inhibition of glutamate uptake by one pyrrolidine-2,4-dicarboxylate diastereomer. J. Med. Chem. 34, 717 725.
    • (1991) J. Med. Chem. , vol.34 , pp. 717-725
    • Bridges, R.J.1    Stanley, M.S.2    Anderson, M.W.3    Cotman, C.W.4    Chamberlin, A.R.5
  • 5
    • 0018358829 scopus 로고
    • Role of the nucleus raphe magnus in opiate analgesia as studied by the microinjection technique in the rat
    • Dickenson A. H., Oliveras J. L. Besson J. M. (1979) Role of the nucleus raphe magnus in opiate analgesia as studied by the microinjection technique in the rat. Brain Res. 170, 95 111.
    • (1979) Brain Res. , vol.170 , pp. 95-111
    • Dickenson, A.H.1    Oliveras, J.L.2    Besson, J.M.3
  • 6
    • 0024440320 scopus 로고
    • Opioid peptides (DAGO-enkephalin, dynorphin A(1-13), BAM 22P) microinjected into the rat brainstem: Comparison of their antinociceptive effect and their effect on neuronal firing in the rostral ventromedial medulla
    • Fang F. G., Haws C. M., Drasner K., Williamson A. Fields H. L. (1989) Opioid peptides (DAGO-enkephalin, dynorphin A(1-13), BAM 22P) microinjected into the rat brainstem: comparison of their antinociceptive effect and their effect on neuronal firing in the rostral ventromedial medulla. Brain Res. 501, 116 128.
    • (1989) Brain Res. , vol.501 , pp. 116-128
    • Fang, F.G.1    Haws, C.M.2    Drasner, K.3    Williamson, A.4    Fields, H.L.5
  • 7
    • 0021058319 scopus 로고
    • The activity of neurons in the rostral medulla of the rat during withdrawal from noxious heat
    • Fields H. L., Bry J., Hentall I. Zorman G. (1983) The activity of neurons in the rostral medulla of the rat during withdrawal from noxious heat. J. Neurosci. 3, 2545 2552.
    • (1983) J. Neurosci. , vol.3 , pp. 2545-2552
    • Fields, H.L.1    Bry, J.2    Hentall, I.3    Zorman, G.4
  • 8
  • 9
    • 0028843805 scopus 로고
    • Dorsal horn projection targets of on and off cells in the rostral ventromedial medulla
    • Fields H. L., Malick A. Burstein R. (1995) Dorsal horn projection targets of ON and OFF cells in the rostral ventromedial medulla. J. Neurophysiol. 74, 1742 1759.
    • (1995) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.74 , pp. 1742-1759
    • Fields, H.L.1    Malick, A.2    Burstein, R.3
  • 10
    • 2142761550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of mu-opioid receptors inhibits synaptic inputs to spinally projecting rostral ventromedial medulla neurons
    • Finnegan T. F., Li D. P., Chen S. R. Pan H. L. (2004) Activation of mu-opioid receptors inhibits synaptic inputs to spinally projecting rostral ventromedial medulla neurons. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 309, 476 483.
    • (2004) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , vol.309 , pp. 476-483
    • Finnegan, T.F.1    Li, D.P.2    Chen, S.R.3    Pan, H.L.4
  • 11
    • 0037008257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of descending fibers from the rostral ventromedial medulla in opioid analgesia in rats
    • Gilbert A. K. Franklin K. B. (2002) The role of descending fibers from the rostral ventromedial medulla in opioid analgesia in rats. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 449, 75 84.
    • (2002) Eur. J. Pharmacol. , vol.449 , pp. 75-84
    • Gilbert, A.K.1    Franklin, K.B.2
  • 12
    • 0024459590 scopus 로고
    • Multiple opioid receptors: Ligand selectivity profiles and binding site signatures
    • Goldstein A. Naidu A. (1989) Multiple opioid receptors: ligand selectivity profiles and binding site signatures. Mol. Pharmacol. 36, 265 272.
    • (1989) Mol. Pharmacol. , vol.36 , pp. 265-272
    • Goldstein, A.1    Naidu, A.2
  • 13
    • 0038161060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammation-induced upregulation of AMPA receptor subunit expression in brain stem pain modulatory circuitry
    • Guan Y., Guo W., Zou S. P., Dubner R. Ren K. (2003) Inflammation-induced upregulation of AMPA receptor subunit expression in brain stem pain modulatory circuitry. Pain 104, 401 413.
    • (2003) Pain , vol.104 , pp. 401-413
    • Guan, Y.1    Guo, W.2    Zou, S.P.3    Dubner, R.4    Ren, K.5
  • 14
    • 0019974839 scopus 로고
    • The location of brainstem neurones tonically inhibiting dorsal horn neurones of the cat
    • Hall J. G., Duggan A. W., Morton C. R. Johnson S. M. (1982) The location of brainstem neurones tonically inhibiting dorsal horn neurones of the cat. Brain Res. 244, 215 222.
    • (1982) Brain Res. , vol.244 , pp. 215-222
    • Hall, J.G.1    Duggan, A.W.2    Morton, C.R.3    Johnson, S.M.4
  • 15
    • 0019395141 scopus 로고
    • Analogues of beta-LPH61-64 possessing selective agonist activity at mu-opiate receptors
    • Handa B. K., Land A. C., Lord J. A., Morgan B. A., Rance M. J. Smith C. F. (1981) Analogues of beta-LPH61-64 possessing selective agonist activity at mu-opiate receptors. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 70, 531 540.
    • (1981) Eur. J. Pharmacol. , vol.70 , pp. 531-540
    • Handa, B.K.1    Land, A.C.2    Lord, J.A.3    Morgan, B.A.4    Rance, M.J.5    Smith, C.F.6
  • 16
    • 0023924046 scopus 로고
    • A new and sensitive method for measuring thermal nociception in cutaneous hyperalgesia
    • Hargreaves K., Dubner R., Brown F., Flores C. Joris J. (1988) A new and sensitive method for measuring thermal nociception in cutaneous hyperalgesia. Pain 32, 77 88.
    • (1988) Pain , vol.32 , pp. 77-88
    • Hargreaves, K.1    Dubner, R.2    Brown, F.3    Flores, C.4    Joris, J.5
  • 17
    • 0000977039 scopus 로고
    • Some Narcotic Antagonists in the Benzomorphan Series
    • Harris L. S. Pierson A. K. (1964) Some Narcotic Antagonists in the Benzomorphan Series. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 143, 141 148.
    • (1964) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , vol.143 , pp. 141-148
    • Harris, L.S.1    Pierson, A.K.2
  • 18
    • 0025951375 scopus 로고
    • GABA-mediated inhibition in rostral ventromedial medulla: Role in nociceptive modulation in the lightly anesthetized rat
    • Heinricher M. M. Kaplan H. J. (1991) GABA-mediated inhibition in rostral ventromedial medulla: role in nociceptive modulation in the lightly anesthetized rat. Pain 47, 105 113.
    • (1991) Pain , vol.47 , pp. 105-113
    • Heinricher, M.M.1    Kaplan, H.J.2
  • 19
    • 0027943806 scopus 로고
    • Interference with GABA transmission in the rostral ventromedial medulla: Disinhibition of off-cells as a central mechanism in nociceptive modulation
    • Heinricher M. M. Tortorici V. (1994) Interference with GABA transmission in the rostral ventromedial medulla: disinhibition of off-cells as a central mechanism in nociceptive modulation. Neuroscience 63, 533 546.
    • (1994) Neuroscience , vol.63 , pp. 533-546
    • Heinricher, M.M.1    Tortorici, V.2
  • 20
    • 0025943630 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for GABA-mediated control of putative nociceptive modulating neurons in the rostral ventromedial medulla: Iontophoresis of bicuculline eliminates the off-cell pause
    • Heinricher M. M., Haws C. M. Fields H. L. (1991) Evidence for GABA-mediated control of putative nociceptive modulating neurons in the rostral ventromedial medulla: iontophoresis of bicuculline eliminates the off-cell pause. Somatosens. Mot. Res. 8, 215 225.
    • (1991) Somatosens. Mot. Res. , vol.8 , pp. 215-225
    • Heinricher, M.M.1    Haws, C.M.2    Fields, H.L.3
  • 21
    • 0026576472 scopus 로고
    • Direct and indirect actions of morphine on medullary neurons that modulate nociception
    • Heinricher M. M., Morgan M. M. Fields H. L. (1992) Direct and indirect actions of morphine on medullary neurons that modulate nociception. Neuroscience 48, 533 543.
    • (1992) Neuroscience , vol.48 , pp. 533-543
    • Heinricher, M.M.1    Morgan, M.M.2    Fields, H.L.3
  • 22
    • 0027968011 scopus 로고
    • Disinhibition of off-cells and antinociception produced by an opioid action within the rostral ventromedial medulla
    • Heinricher M. M., Morgan M. M., Tortorici V. Fields H. L. (1994) Disinhibition of off-cells and antinociception produced by an opioid action within the rostral ventromedial medulla. Neuroscience 63, 279 288.
    • (1994) Neuroscience , vol.63 , pp. 279-288
    • Heinricher, M.M.1    Morgan, M.M.2    Tortorici, V.3    Fields, H.L.4
  • 23
    • 0031415767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circuitry underlying antiopioid actions of orphanin FQ in the rostral ventromedial medulla
    • Heinricher M. M., McGaraughty S. Grandy D. K. (1997) Circuitry underlying antiopioid actions of orphanin FQ in the rostral ventromedial medulla. J. Neurophysiol. 78, 3351 3358.
    • (1997) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.78 , pp. 3351-3358
    • Heinricher, M.M.1    McGaraughty, S.2    Grandy, D.K.3
  • 24
    • 0032952998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of excitatory amino acid transmission within the rostral ventromedial medulla in the antinociceptive actions of systemically administered morphine
    • Heinricher M. M., McGaraughty S. Farr D. A. (1999) The role of excitatory amino acid transmission within the rostral ventromedial medulla in the antinociceptive actions of systemically administered morphine. Pain 81, 57 65.
    • (1999) Pain , vol.81 , pp. 57-65
    • Heinricher, M.M.1    McGaraughty, S.2    Farr, D.A.3
  • 25
    • 0035056184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of brainstem N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors is required for the analgesic actions of morphine given systemically
    • Heinricher M. M., Schouten J. C. Jobst E. E. (2001) Activation of brainstem N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors is required for the analgesic actions of morphine given systemically. Pain 92, 129 138.
    • (2001) Pain , vol.92 , pp. 129-138
    • Heinricher, M.M.1    Schouten, J.C.2    Jobst, E.E.3
  • 26
    • 0034143366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The analgesic effects of supraspinal mu and delta opioid receptor agonists are potentiated during persistent inflammation
    • Hurley R. W. Hammond D. L. (2000) The analgesic effects of supraspinal mu and delta opioid receptor agonists are potentiated during persistent inflammation. J. Neurosci. 20, 1249 1259.
    • (2000) J. Neurosci. , vol.20 , pp. 1249-1259
    • Hurley, R.W.1    Hammond, D.L.2
  • 27
    • 22544467758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Involvement of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors and nitric oxide in the rostral ventromedial medulla in modulating morphine pain-inhibitory signals from the periaqueductal grey matter in rats
    • Javanmardi K., Parviz M., Sadr S. S., Keshavarz M., Minaii B. Dehpour A. R. (2005) Involvement of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors and nitric oxide in the rostral ventromedial medulla in modulating morphine pain-inhibitory signals from the periaqueductal grey matter in rats. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 32, 585 589.
    • (2005) Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. , vol.32 , pp. 585-589
    • Javanmardi, K.1    Parviz, M.2    Sadr, S.S.3    Keshavarz, M.4    Minaii, B.5    Dehpour, A.R.6
  • 28
    • 0022560622 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of antinociceptive action of morphine in the periaqueductal gray, medial and paramedial medulla in rat
    • Jensen T. S. Yaksh T. L. (1986) Comparison of antinociceptive action of morphine in the periaqueductal gray, medial and paramedial medulla in rat. Brain Res. 363, 99 113.
    • (1986) Brain Res. , vol.363 , pp. 99-113
    • Jensen, T.S.1    Yaksh, T.L.2
  • 29
    • 0024490543 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the antinociceptive effect of morphine and glutamate at coincidental sites in the periaqueductal gray and medial medulla in rats
    • Jensen T. S. Yaksh T. L. (1989) Comparison of the antinociceptive effect of morphine and glutamate at coincidental sites in the periaqueductal gray and medial medulla in rats. Brain Res. 476, 1 9.
    • (1989) Brain Res. , vol.476 , pp. 1-9
    • Jensen, T.S.1    Yaksh, T.L.2
  • 30
    • 0034698821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Opioid- and GABA(A)-receptors are co-expressed by neurons in rat brain
    • Kalyuzhny A. E., Dooyema J. Wessendorf M. W. (2000) Opioid- and GABA(A)-receptors are co-expressed by neurons in rat brain. Neuroreport 11, 2625 2628.
    • (2000) Neuroreport , vol.11 , pp. 2625-2628
    • Kalyuzhny, A.E.1    Dooyema, J.2    Wessendorf, M.W.3
  • 31
    • 0032562462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determination of glutamate and aspartate in microdialysis samples by reversed-phase column liquid chromatography with fluorescence and electrochemical detection
    • Kehr J. (1998a) Determination of glutamate and aspartate in microdialysis samples by reversed-phase column liquid chromatography with fluorescence and electrochemical detection. J. Chromatogr. B Biomed. Sci. Appl. 708, 27 38.
    • (1998) J. Chromatogr. B Biomed. Sci. Appl. , vol.708 , pp. 27-38
    • Kehr, J.1
  • 32
    • 0032562415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determination of gamma-aminobutyric acid in microdialysis samples by microbore column liquid chromatography and fluorescence detection
    • Kehr J. (1998b) Determination of gamma-aminobutyric acid in microdialysis samples by microbore column liquid chromatography and fluorescence detection. J. Chromatogr. B Biomed. Sci. Appl. 708, 49 54.
    • (1998) J. Chromatogr. B Biomed. Sci. Appl. , vol.708 , pp. 49-54
    • Kehr, J.1
  • 33
    • 0027221176 scopus 로고
    • Medullary mu and delta opioid receptors modulate mesencephalic morphine analgesia in rats
    • Kiefel J. M., Rossi G. C. Bodnar R. J. (1993) Medullary mu and delta opioid receptors modulate mesencephalic morphine analgesia in rats. Brain Res. 624, 151 161.
    • (1993) Brain Res. , vol.624 , pp. 151-161
    • Kiefel, J.M.1    Rossi, G.C.2    Bodnar, R.J.3
  • 35
    • 0018773313 scopus 로고
    • Analgesia produced by microinjection of baclofen and morphine at brain stem sites
    • Levy R. A. Proudfit H. K. (1979) Analgesia produced by microinjection of baclofen and morphine at brain stem sites. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 57, 43 55.
    • (1979) Eur. J. Pharmacol. , vol.57 , pp. 43-55
    • Levy, R.A.1    Proudfit, H.K.2
  • 36
    • 0020601424 scopus 로고
    • A comparison of the sites at which pentazocine and morphine act to produce analgesia
    • Llewelyn M. B., Azami J., Gibbs M. Roberts M. H. (1983) A comparison of the sites at which pentazocine and morphine act to produce analgesia. Pain 16, 313 331.
    • (1983) Pain , vol.16 , pp. 313-331
    • Llewelyn, M.B.1    Azami, J.2    Gibbs, M.3    Roberts, M.H.4
  • 37
    • 1642400398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nerve injury induces a tonic bilateral mu-opioid receptor-mediated inhibitory effect on mechanical allodynia in mice
    • Mansikka H., Zhao C., Sheth R. N., Sora I., Uhl G. Raja S. N. (2004) Nerve injury induces a tonic bilateral mu-opioid receptor-mediated inhibitory effect on mechanical allodynia in mice. Anesthesiology 100, 912 921.
    • (2004) Anesthesiology , vol.100 , pp. 912-921
    • Mansikka, H.1    Zhao, C.2    Sheth, R.N.3    Sora, I.4    Uhl, G.5    Raja, S.N.6
  • 38
    • 0029077507 scopus 로고
    • Experimental mononeuropathy reduces the antinociceptive effects of morphine: Implications for common intracellular mechanisms involved in morphine tolerance and neuropathic pain
    • Mao J., Price D. D. Mayer D. J. (1995) Experimental mononeuropathy reduces the antinociceptive effects of morphine: implications for common intracellular mechanisms involved in morphine tolerance and neuropathic pain. Pain 61, 353 364.
    • (1995) Pain , vol.61 , pp. 353-364
    • Mao, J.1    Price, D.D.2    Mayer, D.J.3
  • 39
    • 0027508776 scopus 로고
    • Investigating the role of anaesthetics on the rostral ventromedial medulla: Implications for a GABAergic link between on and off cells
    • McGaraughty S., Reinis S. Tsoukatos J. (1993) Investigating the role of anaesthetics on the rostral ventromedial medulla: implications for a GABAergic link between On and Off cells. Neurosci. Lett. 149, 119 122.
    • (1993) Neurosci. Lett. , vol.149 , pp. 119-122
    • McGaraughty, S.1    Reinis, S.2    Tsoukatos, J.3
  • 40
    • 0025774072 scopus 로고
    • Changes in rat brain extracellular glutamate concentration during seizures induced by systemic picrotoxin or focal bicuculline injection: An in vivo dialysis study with on-line enzymatic detection
    • Millan M. H., Obrenovitch T. P., Sarna G. S., Lok S. Y., Symon L. Meldrum B. S. (1991) Changes in rat brain extracellular glutamate concentration during seizures induced by systemic picrotoxin or focal bicuculline injection: an in vivo dialysis study with on-line enzymatic detection. Epilepsy Res. 9, 86 91.
    • (1991) Epilepsy Res. , vol.9 , pp. 86-91
    • Millan, M.H.1    Obrenovitch, T.P.2    Sarna, G.S.3    Lok, S.Y.4    Symon, L.5    Meldrum, B.S.6
  • 41
    • 0028236283 scopus 로고
    • Regional differences in the inhibition of L-glutamate and L-aspartate sodium-dependent high affinity uptake systems in rat CNS synaptosomes by L-trans-pyrrolidine-2,4-dicarboxylate, threo-3-hydroxy-D-aspartate and D-aspartate
    • Mitrovic A. D. Johnston G. A. (1994) Regional differences in the inhibition of L-glutamate and L-aspartate sodium-dependent high affinity uptake systems in rat CNS synaptosomes by L-trans-pyrrolidine-2,4-dicarboxylate, threo-3-hydroxy-D-aspartate and D-aspartate. Neurochem. Int. 24, 583 588.
    • (1994) Neurochem. Int. , vol.24 , pp. 583-588
    • Mitrovic, A.D.1    Johnston, G.A.2
  • 42
    • 0023087077 scopus 로고
    • Effects of dihydrokainic acid on extracellular amino acids and neuronal excitability in the in vivo rat hippocampus
    • Munoz M. D., Herreras O., Herranz A. S., Solis J. M., Martin del Rio R. Lerma J. (1987) Effects of dihydrokainic acid on extracellular amino acids and neuronal excitability in the in vivo rat hippocampus. Neuropharmacology 26, 1 8.
    • (1987) Neuropharmacology , vol.26 , pp. 1-8
    • Munoz, M.D.1    Herreras, O.2    Herranz, A.S.3    Solis, J.M.4    Martin Del Rio, R.5    Lerma, J.6
  • 43
    • 0035783701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The projections of the midbrain periaqueductal grey to the pons and medulla oblongata in rats
    • Odeh F. Antal M. (2001) The projections of the midbrain periaqueductal grey to the pons and medulla oblongata in rats. Eur. J. Neurosci. 14, 1275 1286.
    • (2001) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.14 , pp. 1275-1286
    • Odeh, F.1    Antal, M.2
  • 44
    • 0037427806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heterogeneous synaptic inputs from the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray matter to neurons responding to somatosensory stimuli in the rostral ventromedial medulla of rats
    • Odeh F., Antal M. Zagon A. (2003) Heterogeneous synaptic inputs from the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray matter to neurons responding to somatosensory stimuli in the rostral ventromedial medulla of rats. Brain Res. 959, 287 294.
    • (2003) Brain Res. , vol.959 , pp. 287-294
    • Odeh, F.1    Antal, M.2    Zagon, A.3
  • 45
    • 0025141063 scopus 로고
    • Opioid actions on single nucleus raphe magnus neurons from rat and guinea-pig in vitro
    • Pan Z. Z., Williams J. T. Osborne P. B. (1990) Opioid actions on single nucleus raphe magnus neurons from rat and guinea-pig in vitro. J. Physiol. 427, 519 532.
    • (1990) J. Physiol. , vol.427 , pp. 519-532
    • Pan, Z.Z.1    Williams, J.T.2    Osborne, P.B.3
  • 47
    • 0023028494 scopus 로고
    • Design and synthesis of conformationally constrained somatostatin analogues with high potency and specificity for mu opioid receptors
    • Pelton J. T., Kazmierski W., Gulya K., Yamamura H. I. Hruby V. J. (1986) Design and synthesis of conformationally constrained somatostatin analogues with high potency and specificity for mu opioid receptors. J. Med. Chem. 29, 2370 2375.
    • (1986) J. Med. Chem. , vol.29 , pp. 2370-2375
    • Pelton, J.T.1    Kazmierski, W.2    Gulya, K.3    Yamamura, H.I.4    Hruby, V.J.5
  • 48
    • 0028047065 scopus 로고
    • Mu and delta opioid synergy between the periaqueductal gray and the rostro-ventral medulla
    • Rossi G. C., Pasternak G. W. Bodnar R. J. (1994) Mu and delta opioid synergy between the periaqueductal gray and the rostro-ventral medulla. Brain Res. 665, 85 93.
    • (1994) Brain Res. , vol.665 , pp. 85-93
    • Rossi, G.C.1    Pasternak, G.W.2    Bodnar, R.J.3
  • 49
    • 0020660790 scopus 로고
    • Analgesia produced by microinjection of L-glutamate into the rostral ventromedial bulbar nuclei of the rat and its inhibition by intrathecal alpha-adrenergic blocking agents
    • Satoh M., Oku R. Akaike A. (1983) Analgesia produced by microinjection of L-glutamate into the rostral ventromedial bulbar nuclei of the rat and its inhibition by intrathecal alpha-adrenergic blocking agents. Brain Res. 261, 361 364.
    • (1983) Brain Res. , vol.261 , pp. 361-364
    • Satoh, M.1    Oku, R.2    Akaike, A.3
  • 50
    • 0031034164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GABA-immunoreactive boutons contact identified off and on cells in the nucleus raphe magnus
    • Skinner K., Fields H. L., Basbaum A. I. Mason P. (1997) GABA-immunoreactive boutons contact identified OFF and ON cells in the nucleus raphe magnus. J. Comp. Neurol. 378, 196 204.
    • (1997) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.378 , pp. 196-204
    • Skinner, K.1    Fields, H.L.2    Basbaum, A.I.3    Mason, P.4
  • 51
    • 0026559951 scopus 로고
    • Opposing tonically active endogenous opioid systems modulate the mesolimbic dopaminergic pathway
    • Spanagel R., Herz A. Shippenberg T. S. (1992) Opposing tonically active endogenous opioid systems modulate the mesolimbic dopaminergic pathway. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 89, 2046 2050.
    • (1992) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.89 , pp. 2046-2050
    • Spanagel, R.1    Herz, A.2    Shippenberg, T.S.3
  • 52
    • 0030008946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Excitatory amino acid antagonists in the rostral ventromedial medulla inhibit mesencephalic morphine analgesia in rats
    • Spinella M., Cooper M. L. Bodnar R. J. (1996) Excitatory amino acid antagonists in the rostral ventromedial medulla inhibit mesencephalic morphine analgesia in rats. Pain 64, 545 552.
    • (1996) Pain , vol.64 , pp. 545-552
    • Spinella, M.1    Cooper, M.L.2    Bodnar, R.J.3
  • 53
    • 0029901490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Local administration of morphine decreases the extracellular level of GABA in the periaqueductal gray matter of freely moving rats
    • Stiller C. O., Bergquist J., Beck O., Ekman R. Brodin E. (1996) Local administration of morphine decreases the extracellular level of GABA in the periaqueductal gray matter of freely moving rats. Neurosci. Lett. 209, 165 168.
    • (1996) Neurosci. Lett. , vol.209 , pp. 165-168
    • Stiller, C.O.1    Bergquist, J.2    Beck, O.3    Ekman, R.4    Brodin, E.5
  • 54
    • 0027437336 scopus 로고
    • Amino acid neurotransmitters in nucleus tractus solitarius: An in vivo microdialysis study
    • Sved A. F. Curtis J. T. (1993) Amino acid neurotransmitters in nucleus tractus solitarius: an in vivo microdialysis study. J. Neurochem. 61, 2089 2098.
    • (1993) J. Neurochem. , vol.61 , pp. 2089-2098
    • Sved, A.F.1    Curtis, J.T.2
  • 55
    • 0036827560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Opioid receptor subtypes differentially modulate serotonin efflux in the rat central nervous system
    • Tao R. Auerbach S. B. (2002) Opioid receptor subtypes differentially modulate serotonin efflux in the rat central nervous system. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 303, 549 556.
    • (2002) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , vol.303 , pp. 549-556
    • Tao, R.1    Auerbach, S.B.2
  • 56
    • 0030955224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain microdialysis of GABA and glutamate: What does it signify?
    • Timmerman W. Westerink B. H. (1997) Brain microdialysis of GABA and glutamate: what does it signify? Synapse 27, 242 261.
    • (1997) Synapse , vol.27 , pp. 242-261
    • Timmerman, W.1    Westerink, B.H.2
  • 57
    • 0242636486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of acetylsalicylic acid and morphine on neurons of the rostral ventromedial medulla in rat
    • Ulucan C., Schnell C., Messlinger K. Ellrich J. (2003) Effects of acetylsalicylic acid and morphine on neurons of the rostral ventromedial medulla in rat. Neurosci. Res. 47, 391 397.
    • (2003) Neurosci. Res. , vol.47 , pp. 391-397
    • Ulucan, C.1    Schnell, C.2    Messlinger, K.3    Ellrich, J.4
  • 58
    • 0028332513 scopus 로고
    • Nuclei within the rostral ventromedial medulla mediating morphine antinociception from the periaqueductal gray
    • Urban M. O. Smith D. J. (1994) Nuclei within the rostral ventromedial medulla mediating morphine antinociception from the periaqueductal gray. Brain Res. 652, 9 16.
    • (1994) Brain Res. , vol.652 , pp. 9-16
    • Urban, M.O.1    Smith, D.J.2
  • 59
    • 0031033471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Presynaptic inhibitory action of opioids on synaptic transmission in the rat periaqueductal grey in vitro
    • Vaughan C. W. Christie M. J. (1997) Presynaptic inhibitory action of opioids on synaptic transmission in the rat periaqueductal grey in vitro. J. Physiol. 498 (Pt 2 463 472.
    • (1997) J. Physiol. , vol.498 , Issue.2 , pp. 463-472
    • Vaughan, C.W.1    Christie, M.J.2
  • 60
  • 61
    • 0030924275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Body temperature and analgesic effects of selective mu and kappa opioid receptor agonists microdialyzed into rat brain
    • Xin L., Geller E. B. Adler M. W. (1997) Body temperature and analgesic effects of selective mu and kappa opioid receptor agonists microdialyzed into rat brain. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 281, 499 507.
    • (1997) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , vol.281 , pp. 499-507
    • Xin, L.1    Geller, E.B.2    Adler, M.W.3
  • 62
    • 0032768231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of neurotransmitter release in the basal ganglia of the rat brain by dynorphin peptides
    • You Z. B., Herrera-Marschitz M. Terenius L. (1999) Modulation of neurotransmitter release in the basal ganglia of the rat brain by dynorphin peptides. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 290, 1307 1315.
    • (1999) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , vol.290 , pp. 1307-1315
    • You, Z.B.1    Herrera-Marschitz, M.2    Terenius, L.3
  • 63
    • 0020525719 scopus 로고
    • Ethical guidelines for investigations of experimental pain in conscious animals
    • Zimmermann M. (1983) Ethical guidelines for investigations of experimental pain in conscious animals. Pain 16, 109 110.
    • (1983) Pain , vol.16 , pp. 109-110
    • Zimmermann, M.1
  • 64
    • 0030568707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of uptake carrier blockers SK & F
    • 89976-A and L-trans-PDC on in vivo release of amino acids in rat hippocampus.
    • Zuiderwijk M., Veenstra E., Lopes da Silva F. H. Ghijsen W. E. (1996) Effects of uptake carrier blockers SK & F 89976-A and L-trans-PDC on in vivo release of amino acids in rat hippocampus. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 307, 275 282.
    • (1996) Eur. J. Pharmacol. , vol.307 , pp. 275-282
    • Zuiderwijk, M.1    Veenstra, E.2    Lopes Da Silva, F.H.3    Ghijsen, W.E.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.