-
1
-
-
84963144548
-
-
K. Nakagawa, T. Shinomiya, M. Koden, K. Tsubota, T. Kuratate, Y. Ishii, F. Funada, M. Matsuura, and K. Awane, Ferroelectrics 85, 39 (1988).
-
(1988)
Ferroelectrics
, vol.85
, pp. 39
-
-
Nakagawa, K.1
Shinomiya, T.2
Koden, M.3
Tsubota, K.4
Kuratate, T.5
Ishii, Y.6
Funada, F.7
Matsuura, M.8
Awane, K.9
-
3
-
-
0006830635
-
-
S.-D. Lee, J. S. Patel, and J. W. Goodby, Phys. Rev. A 44, 2749 (1991); S.-D. Lee, J.-H. Kim, J. S. Patel, and J. W. Goodby, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. Sci. Technol., Sect. A 227, 39 (1993).
-
(1991)
Phys. Rev. A
, vol.44
, pp. 2749
-
-
Lee, S.-D.1
Patel, J.S.2
Goodby, J.W.3
-
4
-
-
84921687875
-
-
S.-D. Lee, J. S. Patel, and J. W. Goodby, Phys. Rev. A 44, 2749 (1991); S.-D. Lee, J.-H. Kim, J. S. Patel, and J. W. Goodby, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. Sci. Technol., Sect. A 227, 39 (1993).
-
(1993)
Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. Sci. Technol., Sect. A
, vol.227
, pp. 39
-
-
Lee, S.-D.1
Kim, J.-H.2
Patel, J.S.3
Goodby, J.W.4
-
5
-
-
4043122105
-
-
W. Chen, Y. Ouchi, T. Moses, Y. R. Shen, and K. H. Yang, Phys. Rev. Lett. 68, 1547 (1992).
-
(1992)
Phys. Rev. Lett.
, vol.68
, pp. 1547
-
-
Chen, W.1
Ouchi, Y.2
Moses, T.3
Shen, Y.R.4
Yang, K.H.5
-
6
-
-
0031341836
-
-
M. Kimura, M. Yamada, H. Ishihara, and T. Akahane, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. Sci. Technol., Sect. A 302, 199 (1997).
-
(1997)
Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. Sci. Technol., Sect. A
, vol.302
, pp. 199
-
-
Kimura, M.1
Yamada, M.2
Ishihara, H.3
Akahane, T.4
-
7
-
-
0001048514
-
-
M. S. Spector, S. K. Prasad, B. T. Weslowski, R. D. Kamien, J. V. Selinger, B. R. Ratna, and R. Shashidhar, Phys. Rev. E 61, 3977 (2000).
-
(2000)
Phys. Rev. E
, vol.61
, pp. 3977
-
-
Spector, M.S.1
Prasad, S.K.2
Weslowski, B.T.3
Kamien, R.D.4
Selinger, J.V.5
Ratna, B.R.6
Shashidhar, R.7
-
8
-
-
33645759867
-
-
T3, a mixture of three homologous materials notable for showing V shaped switching, is described in A. Fukuda, Y. Takanishi, T. Isozaki, K. Ishikawa, and H. Takezoe, J. Mater. Chem. 4, 997 (1994).
-
(1994)
J. Mater. Chem.
, vol.4
, pp. 997
-
-
Fukuda, A.1
Takanishi, Y.2
Isozaki, T.3
Ishikawa, K.4
Takezoe, H.5
-
10
-
-
0004738336
-
-
W415 compound 3 in F. Stevens, D. J. Dyer, D. M. Walba, R. Shao, and N. A. Clark, Liq. Cryst. 22, 531 (1997).
-
(1997)
Liq. Cryst.
, vol.22
, pp. 531
-
-
Stevens, F.1
Dyer, D.J.2
Walba, D.M.3
Shao, R.4
Clark, N.A.5
-
11
-
-
0035145441
-
-
R.-F. Shao, J. E. Maclennan, N. A. Clark, D. J. Dyer, and D. M. Walba, Liq. Cryst. 28, 117 (2001).
-
(2001)
Liq. Cryst.
, vol.28
, pp. 117
-
-
Shao, R.-F.1
Maclennan, J.E.2
Clark, N.A.3
Dyer, D.J.4
Walba, D.M.5
-
13
-
-
24844446239
-
-
S. Garoff and R. B. Meyer, Phys. Rev. Lett. 38, 848 (1977), S. Garoff and R. B. Meyer, Phys. Rev. A 19, 338 (1979).
-
(1979)
Phys. Rev. A
, vol.19
, pp. 338
-
-
Garoff, S.1
Meyer, R.B.2
-
15
-
-
33645063126
-
-
Nakagawa et al. predicted a field effect but did not successfully demonstrate this experimentally (see Ref. [1])
-
Nakagawa et al. predicted a field effect but did not successfully demonstrate this experimentally (see Ref. [1]).
-
-
-
-
16
-
-
33645055278
-
-
note
-
In virgin T3 cells 2.2 μm thick with polyimide alignment layers, ψ=-13°. A field E= +13 V/μm changes the deviation to ψ≈ +2°, and E= + 26 V/μm to ψ≈ + 5°.
-
-
-
-
18
-
-
0035364378
-
-
Similar optical observations have been made in cells of T3, as reported in S. Ikeda, T. Ogasawara, M. Nakata, Y. Takanishi, K. Ishikawa, and H. Takezoe, Phys. Rev. E 63, 061703 (2001). These authors offered a rather different interpretation, however, suggesting that near the surface of their cell the smectic-C cone angle was decreasing and the layer normal simultaneously twisting towards the rubbing direction.
-
(2001)
Phys. Rev. E
, vol.63
, pp. 061703
-
-
Ikeda, S.1
Ogasawara, T.2
Nakata, M.3
Takanishi, Y.4
Ishikawa, K.5
Takezoe, H.6
-
19
-
-
33645059083
-
-
note
-
The angular coordinates are consistent with the rather nonintuitive convention introduced by Nakagawa [1] and shown in Fig. 2(b): ψ>0 corresponds to ẑ rotated clockwise from R̂, while θ>0 corresponds to n̂ rotated counterclockwise from ẑ, i.e., ψ and θ have opposite senses of positive rotation.
-
-
-
-
20
-
-
33645064741
-
-
note
-
In a fundamentally different effect, the smectic layers in W415 cells can be rotated within the Sm-A* phase by unipolar, pulsed fields, a phenomenon previously observed (in a different material) using asymmetric bipolar pulses [19]. In W415 the rotation can be reversed by changing the sign of E over the range -24° < ψ < +24°. In the Sm-C* phase, the layers can be rotated in either direction, depending on the bias of the applied pulsed field (the range of reorientation is limited to -24° < δψ< +24°). The rotation in the Sm-C* is reversible and occurs more readily than in the Sm-A* phase but is only metastable, the layers returning to their original orientation within 10 h of the applied field being removed. Layer rotation in Sm-C* materials has been studied extensively [20-22]. It has been suggested that the origins of this effect lie in an asymmetric ratcheting of the molecules around the tilt cone [23].
-
-
-
-
21
-
-
0030398669
-
-
K. Nakayama, M. Ozaki, and K. Yoshino, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., Part 2 35, 6200 (1996).
-
(1996)
Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., Part 2
, vol.35
, pp. 6200
-
-
Nakayama, K.1
Ozaki, M.2
Yoshino, K.3
-
22
-
-
33645075942
-
-
Vancouver, Canada
-
G. Andersson, I. Dahl, L. Komitov, S. T. Lagerwall, M. Matuszczyk, and K. Skarp, presented at the 13th International Liquid Crystal Conference, Vancouver, Canada, 1990; G. Andersson, T. Carlsson, S. T. Lagerwall, M. Matuszczyk, and T. Matuszczyk, presented at the 4th International Conference on Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals, Tokyo, Japan, 1993.
-
(1990)
13th International Liquid Crystal Conference
-
-
Andersson, G.1
Dahl, I.2
Komitov, L.3
Lagerwall, S.T.4
Matuszczyk, M.5
Skarp, K.6
-
23
-
-
33645062590
-
-
Tokyo, Japan
-
G. Andersson, I. Dahl, L. Komitov, S. T. Lagerwall, M. Matuszczyk, and K. Skarp, presented at the 13th International Liquid Crystal Conference, Vancouver, Canada, 1990; G. Andersson, T. Carlsson, S. T. Lagerwall, M. Matuszczyk, and T. Matuszczyk, presented at the 4th International Conference on Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals, Tokyo, Japan, 1993.
-
(1993)
4th International Conference on Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals
-
-
Andersson, G.1
Carlsson, T.2
Lagerwall, S.T.3
Matuszczyk, M.4
Matuszczyk, T.5
-
24
-
-
0028539309
-
-
M. Ozaki, H. Moritake, K. Nakayama, and K. Yoshino, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., Part 2 33, 1620 (1994); K. Nakayama, H. Moritake, M. Ozaki, and K. Yoshino, ibid. 34, 1599 (1995); K. Nakayama, M. Ozaki, and K. Yoshino, Appl. Phys. Lett. 70, 2117 (1997); S. V. Yablonskii, K. Nakayama, M. Ozaki, and K. Yoshino, JETP Lett. 67, 978 (1998).
-
(1994)
Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., Part 2
, vol.33
, pp. 1620
-
-
Ozaki, M.1
Moritake, H.2
Nakayama, K.3
Yoshino, K.4
-
25
-
-
0029507562
-
-
M. Ozaki, H. Moritake, K. Nakayama, and K. Yoshino, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., Part 2 33, 1620 (1994); K. Nakayama, H. Moritake, M. Ozaki, and K. Yoshino, ibid. 34, 1599 (1995); K. Nakayama, M. Ozaki, and K. Yoshino, Appl. Phys. Lett. 70, 2117 (1997); S. V. Yablonskii, K. Nakayama, M. Ozaki, and K. Yoshino, JETP Lett. 67, 978 (1998).
-
(1995)
Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., Part 2
, vol.34
, pp. 1599
-
-
Nakayama, K.1
Moritake, H.2
Ozaki, M.3
Yoshino, K.4
-
26
-
-
0031118238
-
-
M. Ozaki, H. Moritake, K. Nakayama, and K. Yoshino, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., Part 2 33, 1620 (1994); K. Nakayama, H. Moritake, M. Ozaki, and K. Yoshino, ibid. 34, 1599 (1995); K. Nakayama, M. Ozaki, and K. Yoshino, Appl. Phys. Lett. 70, 2117 (1997); S. V. Yablonskii, K. Nakayama, M. Ozaki, and K. Yoshino, JETP Lett. 67, 978 (1998).
-
(1997)
Appl. Phys. Lett.
, vol.70
, pp. 2117
-
-
Nakayama, K.1
Ozaki, M.2
Yoshino, K.3
-
27
-
-
4043151714
-
-
M. Ozaki, H. Moritake, K. Nakayama, and K. Yoshino, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., Part 2 33, 1620 (1994); K. Nakayama, H. Moritake, M. Ozaki, and K. Yoshino, ibid. 34, 1599 (1995); K. Nakayama, M. Ozaki, and K. Yoshino, Appl. Phys. Lett. 70, 2117 (1997); S. V. Yablonskii, K. Nakayama, M. Ozaki, and K. Yoshino, JETP Lett. 67, 978 (1998).
-
(1998)
JETP Lett.
, vol.67
, pp. 978
-
-
Yablonskii, S.V.1
Nakayama, K.2
Ozaki, M.3
Yoshino, K.4
-
28
-
-
0033661706
-
-
and references therein
-
See I. Dierking and G. Scalia, Liq. Cryst. 27, 1059 (2000), and references therein.
-
(2000)
Liq. Cryst.
, vol.27
, pp. 1059
-
-
Dierking, I.1
Scalia, G.2
-
30
-
-
33645072129
-
-
note
-
s might show some variation depending on the magnitude of the layer deviation.
-
-
-
-
33
-
-
33645055293
-
-
T. D. Wilkinson, W. A. Crossland, and A. B. Davey, Ferroelectrics 278, 227 (2002); W. A. Crossland, T. D. Wilkinson, I. G. Manolis, M. M. Redmond, and A. B. Davey, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. Sci. Technol., Sect. A 375, 1 (2002).
-
(2002)
Ferroelectrics
, vol.278
, pp. 227
-
-
Wilkinson, T.D.1
Crossland, W.A.2
Davey, A.B.3
-
34
-
-
4043157324
-
-
T. D. Wilkinson, W. A. Crossland, and A. B. Davey, Ferroelectrics 278, 227 (2002); W. A. Crossland, T. D. Wilkinson, I. G. Manolis, M. M. Redmond, and A. B. Davey, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. Sci. Technol., Sect. A 375, 1 (2002).
-
(2002)
Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. Sci. Technol., Sect. A
, vol.375
, pp. 1
-
-
Crossland, W.A.1
Wilkinson, T.D.2
Manolis, I.G.3
Redmond, M.M.4
Davey, A.B.5
|