Fossil angiosperm leaves and climate: From Wolfe and Dilcher to Burnham and Wilf

CFS Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg

Volumn , Issue 258, 2007, Pages 95-108

  Greenwood, David R ^a  

^a BRANDON UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

Australia; Cenozoic; Leaf physiognomy; North America; Paleobotany; Paleoclimate; Taphonomy

Indexed keywords

AIR TEMPERATURE; ANGIOSPERM; CLIMATE CHANGE; EOCENE; FOSSIL ASSEMBLAGE; FOSSIL RECORD; PALEOBOTANY; PALEOCLIMATE; PALEONTOLOGY; PRECIPITATION (CLIMATOLOGY); TAPHONOMY;

AUSTRALASIA; AUSTRALIA; NORTH AMERICA;

MAGNOLIOPHYTA;

EID: 37249010694     PISSN: 03414116     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (86)

1. BAILEY, I. W. & SINNOTT, E. W. (1915): A botanical index of Cretaceous and Tertiary climates. - Science, 41: 831-834.
2. BAILEY, I. W. & SINNOT, E. W. (1916): The climatic distribution of certain kinds of angiosperm leaves. - American Journal of Botany, 3: 24-39.
3. BERGGREN, W. A., KENT, D. V., SWISHER III, C. C. & AUBRY, M.-P. (1995): A revised Cenozoic geochronology and chronostratigraphy. - In: BERGGREN, W. A., KENT, D. V., AUBRY, M.-P. & HARDENBOL, J. (Eds.): Geochronology, Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation, SEPM Special Publication, 54: 129-202. Tulsa, Oklahoma (Society for Sedimentary Geology).
4. BURNHAM, R. J. (1989): Relationships between standing vegetation and leaf litter in a paratropical forest: implications for palaeobotany. - Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 58: 5-32.
5. BURNHAM, R. J., ELLIS, B. & JOHNSON, K. R. (2005): Modern tropical forest taphonomy: does high biodiversity affect paleoclimatic interpretations? - Palaios, 20: 440-452.
6. BURNHAM, R. J., WING, S. L. & PARKER, G. C. (1992): The reflection of deciduous forest communities in leaf litter: implications for autochthonous litter assemblages from the fossil record. - Paleobiology, 181: 30-49.
7. BURNHAM, R. J., PITMAN, N. C. A., JOHNSON, K. R. & WILF, P. (2001): Habitat-related error in estimating temperatures from leaf margins in a humid tropical forest. - American Journal of Botany, 88: 1096-1102.
8. CHANEY, R. W. (1924): Quantitative studies of the Bridge Creek flora. - American Journal of Science 5th series, 7: 127-145.
9. CHANEY, R. W. & SANBORN, E. I. (1933): The Goshen flora of west-central Oregon. - Carnegie Institution of Washington Contributions to Paleontology, 439: 1-103.
10. DILCHER, D. L. (1973): A Paleoclimatic Interpretation of the Eocene Floras of Southeastern North America. - In: GRAHAM, A. (Ed.): Vegetation and Vegetational History of Northern Latin America. - 39-59; Amsterdam (Elsevier Publ. Co.).
11. DOLPH. G. (1979): Variation in leaf margin with respect to climate in Costa Rica. - Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, 106: 104-109.
12. DOLPH, G. & DILCHER, D. L. (1979): Foliar physiognomy as an aid in determining paleoclimate. - Palaeontographica, Abteilung B, 170: 151-172.
13. DOLPH, G. E. & DILCHER, D. L. (1980a): Variation in leaf size with respect to climate in the Western Hemisphere. - Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, 107: 157-162.
14. DOLPH, G. E. & DILCHER, D. L. (1980b): Variation on leaf size with respect to climate in Costa Rica. - Biotropica, 12: 91-99.
15. FERGUSON, D. K. (1985): The origin of leaf assemblages -new light on an old problem. - Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 46: 117-188.
16. GREENWOOD, D. R. (1991): The Taphonomy of Plant Macrofossils. - In: DONOVAN, S. K. (Ed.): The Processes of Fossilization. - 141-169; London (Belhaven Press).
17. GREENWOOD, D. R. (1992): Taphonomic constraints on foliar physiognomic interpretations of Late Cretaceous and Tertiary palaeoclimates. - Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 71: 142-196.
18. GREENWOOD, D. R. (2005a): Leaf margin analysis: taphonomic constraints. - Palaios, 20: 499-506.
19. GREENWOOD, D. R. (2005b): Leaf form and the reconstruction of past climates. -New Phytologist, 166: 355-357.
20. GREENWOOD, D. R. & WING, S. L. (1995): Eocene continental climates and latitudinal temperature gradients. - Geology, 23: 1044-1048.
21. 2. - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 196: 375-393.
22. GREENWOOD, D. R., ARCHIBALD, S. B., MATHEWES, R. W. & MOSS, P. T. (2005): Fossil biotas from the Okanagan Highlands, southern British Columbia and northeastern Washington State: climates and ecosystems across an Eocene landscape. - Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 42: 167-185.
23. GREENWOOD, D. R., WILF, P., WING, S. L. & CHRISTOPHEL, D. C. (2004): Paleotemperature estimates using leaf margin analysis: Is Australia different? - Palaios, 19: 129-142.
24. GREENWOOD, D. R., MOSS P. T., ROWETT, A. I., VADALA, A. J. & KEEFE, R. L. (2003a): Plant communities and climate change in southeastern Australia during the early Paleogene. - In: WING, S. L., GINGERICH, P. D., SCHMITZ, B. & THOMAS, E. (Eds.): Causes and Consequences of Globally Warm Climates in the Early Paleogene. Special Paper, 369: 365-380; Boulder, Colorado (Geological Society of America).
25. GREGORY, K. M. (1994): Palaeoclimate and palaeoelevation of the 35 Ma Florissant flora, Front Range, Colorado. - Palaeoclimates, 1: 23-57.
26. GREGORY, K. & CHASE, C. G. (1992): Tectonic significance of paleobotanically estimated climate and altitude of the late Eocene erosion surface, Colorado. - Geology, 20: 581-585.
27. GREGORY, K. M. & MCINTOSH, W. C. (1996): Paleoclimate and paleoelevation of the Oligocene Pitch-Pinnacle flora, Sawatch Range, Colorado. - Geological Society of America Bulletin, 108: 545-561.
28. GREGORY-WODZICKI, K. M. (2000): Relationship between leaf morphology and climate, Bolivia: Implications for estimating paleoclimate from fossil floras. - Paleobiology, 26: 668-688.
29. HERMAN A. B. & SPICER, R. A. (1996): Palaeobotanical evidence for a warm Cretaceous Arctic Ocean. - Nature, 380: 330-333.
30. HERMAN, A. B. & SPICER, R. A. (1997): New quantitative palcoclimate data for the Late Cretaceous Arctic: Evidence for a warm polar ocean. - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 128: 227-251.
31. HOLDIUDGE, L. R. (1967): Life zone ecology - 1-206; San Jose, Costa Rica (Tropical Science Center).
32. HUFF, P. M., WILE, P. & AZUMAH, E. J. (2003): Digital future for paleo-climate estimation from fossil leaves? Preliminary results. - Palaios, 18: 266-274.
33. JACOBS, B. F. (1999): Estimation of rainfall variables from leaf characters in tropical Africa. - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 145: 231-250.
34. JACOBS, B. F. (2002): Estimation of low-latitude paleoclimates using fossil angiosperm leaves: Examples from the Miocene Tugen Hills, Kenya. - Paleobiology, 28: 399-421.
35. JACOBS, B. F. & DEINO, A. L. (1996): Test of climate-leaf physiognomy regression models, their application to two Miocene floras from Kenya, and 40Ar/39Ar dating of the Late Miocene Kapturo site. - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 123: 259-271.
36. JACOBS, B. F. & HERENDEEN, P. S. (2004): Eocene dry climate and woodland vegetation in tropical Africa reconstructed from fossil leaves from northern Tanzania. - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 213: 115-123.
37. JOHNSON, K. R. & ELLIS, B. (2002): A tropical rainforest in Colorado 1.4 million years after the Cretaceous-Tertiary Boundary. - Science, 296: 2379-2383.
38. KENNEDY, E. M. (2003): Late Cretaceous and Paleocene terrestrial climates of New Zealand: leaf fossil evidence from South Island assemblages. - New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, 46(2): 295-306.
39. KENNEDY, E. M., SPICER, R. A. & REES, P. M. (2002): Quantitative palaeoclimate estimates from Late Cretaceous and Paleocene leaf floras in the northwest of the South Island, New Zealand. - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 184(3-4): 321-345
40. KOVACH, W. L. & SPICER, R. A. (1995): Canonical Correspondence Analysis of leaf physiognomy: a contribution to the development of a new palaeoclimatological tool. - Palaeoclimates, 1: 125-138.
41. KOWALSKI, E. A. (2002): Mean annual temperature estimation based on leaf morphology: A test from tropical South America. - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 188: 141-165.
42. KOWALSKI, E. A. & DILCHER, D. L. (2003): Warmer paleotemperatures for terrestrial ecosystems. - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 100: 167-170.
43. MACGINITIE, H. D. (1953): Fossil plants of the Florissant beds, Colorado. - Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication, 599: 1-198.
44. MACGINITIE, H. D. (1969): The Eocene Green River flora of northwestern Colorado and northeastern Utah. - University of California Publications in Geological Science, 83: 1-140.
45. PAGANI, M., ZACHOS, J. C., FREEMAN, K. H., TIPPLE, B. & BOHATY, S. (2005): Marked decline in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations during the Paleogene. - Science, 308: 600-603.
46. RANDOM HOUSE. (2000): Random House Webster College Dictionary. - 1-1600; New York, NY (Random House Reference).
47. ROTH, J. L. & DILCHER, D. L. (1978): Some considerations in leaf size and leaf margin analysis of fossil leaves. - Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg, 30: 165-171.
48. 2 concentration. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 114: 1-28.
49. ROYER, D. L., WILF, P., JANESKO, D. A., KOWALSKI, E. A. & DILCHER, D. L. (2005): Correlations of climate and plant ecology to leaf size and shape: potential proxies for the fossil record. - American Journal of Botany, 92(7): 1141-1151.
50. SEWALL, J. O., SLOAN, L. C., HUBER, M. & WING, S. L. (2000): Climate sensitivity to changes in land surface characteristics. - Global and Planetary Change, 26: 445-465.
51. SHELLITO, C. J., SLOAN, L. C. & HUBER, M. (2003): Climate model sensitivity to atmospheric CO2 levels in the Early-Middle Paleogene. - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 193: 113-123.
52. SLOAN, L. C. & BARRON, E. J. (1990): 'Equable' climates during Earth history? - Geology, 18: 489-492.
53. SLOAN, L. C. & BARRON, E. J. (1992): A comparison of Eocene climate model results to quantified paleoclimatic interpretations. - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 93: 183-202.
54. SOANES, C. & STEVENSON, A. (2004): Concise Oxford English Dictionary. Eleventh Edition. - 1-1728; Oxford, UK (Oxford University Press).
55. SPICER, R. A. (1981): The sorting and deposition of allochthonous plant material in a modern environment at Silwood Lake, Silwood Park, Berkshire, England. - United States Geological Survey Professional Paper, 1143: 1-77.
56. SPICER, R. A. (1989): The formation and interpretation of plant fossil assemblages. - Advances in Botanical Research, 16: 95-191.
57. SPICER, R. A., HERMAN, A. B. & KENNEDY, E. M. (2005): The sensitivity of CLAMP to taphonomic loss of foliar physiognomic characters. - Palaios, 20(5): 429- 438.
58. STEART, D. C., BOON, P. I. & GREENWOOD, D. R. (2006): Overland transport of leaves in two forest types in southern Victoria, Australia and its implications for palaeobotanical studies. - Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, 118(1): 65-74.
59. STEART, D. C., BOON, P. I., GREENWOOD, D. R. & DIAMOND, N. T. (2002): Transport of leaf litter in upland streams of Eucalyptus and Nothofagus forests in south-eastern Australia. - Archiv für Hydrobiologie, 156: 43-61.
60. STEART, D. C., GREENWOOD, D. R. & BOON, P. I. (2005): Paleoecological implications of differential biomass and litter production in canopy trees in Australian Nothofagus and Eucalyptus forests. - Palaios, 20(5): 452-462.
61. STRANKS, L. & ENGLAND, P. (1997): The use of a resemblance function in the measurement of climatic parameters from the physiognomy of woody dicotyledons. - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 131: 15-28.
62. TRAISER, C., KLOTZ, S., UHL, D. & MOSBRUGGER, V. (2005): Environmental signals from leaves - A physiognomic analysis of European vegetation. -New Phytologist, 166: 465-484.
63. UPCHURCH, G. R. & WOLFE, J. A. (1987): Mid-Cretaceous to Early Tertiary vegetation and climate: Evidence from fossil leaves and woods. - In: FRIIS, E. M., CHALONER, W. G. & CRANE, P. R. (Eds.): The Origins of Angiosperms and their Biological Consequences. - 75-106; Cambridge (Cambridge University Press).
64. UPCHURCH, G. R. & WOLFE, J. A. (1993): Cretaceous vegetation of the western interior and adjacent regions of North America. - In: CALDWELL, W. G. E. & KAUFMAN, E. G. (Eds.): Evolution of the Western Interior Basin. Special Paper, 39: 243-281; Ottawa (Geological Association of Canada).
65. WIEMANN, M. C., DILCHER, D. L. & MANCHESTER, S. R. (2001): Estimation of mean annual temperature from leaf and wood physiognomy. - Forest Science, 47(2): 141-149.
66. WIEMANN, M. C., MANCHESTER, S. R., DILCHER, D. L., HINOJOSA, L. F. & WHEELER, E. A. (1998): Estimation of temperature and precipitation from morphological characters of dicotyledonous leaves. - American Journal of Botany, 85: 1796-1802.
67. WILF, P. (1997): When are leaves good thermometers? A new case for Leaf Margin Analysis. - Paleobiology, 23: 373-390.
68. WILF, P. (2000): Late Paleocene-early Eocene climate changes in south-western Wyoming: paleobotanical analysis. - Geological Society of America Bulletin, 112(2): 292-307.
69. WILF, P., JOHNSON, K. R. & HUBER, B. T. (2003): Correlated terrestrial and marine evidence for global climate changes before mass extinction at the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary. - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 100: 599-604.
70. WILF, P., WING, S. L., GREENWOOD, D. R. & GREENWOOD, C. L. (1998): Using fossil leaves as paleoprecipitation indicators. An Eocene example. - Geology, 26: 203-206
71. WING, S. L. & GREENWOOD, D. R. (1993): Fossils and fossil climates: the case for equable Eocene continental interiors. - Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, London series B, 341: 243-252.
72. WING, S. L., BAO, H. & KOCH, P. L. (2000): An early Eocene cool period? Evidence for continental cooling during the warmest part of the Cenozoic: - In: HUBER, B. T., MACCLEOD, K. & WING, S. L. (Eds.): Warm Climates in Earth History. - 197-237; Cambridge (Cambridge University Press).
73. WOLFE, J. A. (1971): Tertiary climatic fluctuations and methods of analysis of Tertiary floras. - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 9: 27-57.
74. WOLFE, J. A. (1978): A paleobotanical interpretation of Tertiary climates in the Northern Hemisphere. - American Science, 66: 694-703.
75. WOLFE, J. A. (1979): Temperature parameters of Humid to Mesic Forests of Eastern Asia and relation to forests of other regions of the Northern Hemisphere and Australasia. - United States Geological Survey Professional Paper, 1106: 1-37.
76. WOLFE, J. A. (1987a): An overview of the origins of the modern vegetation and flora of the Northern Rocky Mountains. - Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 74(4): 785-803.
77. WOLFE, J. A. (1987b): Late Cretaceous-Cenozoic history of deciduousness and the terminal Cretaceous event. - Paleobiology, 13(2): 215-226.
78. WOLFE, J. A. (1990): Palaeobotanical evidence for a marked temperature increase following the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary. - Nature, 343: 153-156.
79. WOLFE, J. A. (1993): A method of obtaining climatic parameters from leaf assemblages. - U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin, 2040: 1-73.
80. WOLFE, J. A. (1994): An analysis of Neogene climates in Beringia. - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palacoecology, 108: 207-216.
81. WOLFE, J. A. (1995): Paleoclimatic estimates from Tertiary leaf assemblages. - Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 23: 119-142.
82. WOLFE, J. A. (2001): Response By Jack A. Wolfe. For The Paleontological Society Medal, October 2000. - Journal of Paleontology, 75: 920-921.
83. WOLFE, J. A. & HOPKINS, D. M. (1967): Climatic changes recorded by Tertiary land floras in northwestern North America. - In: KOTORA HATAI (Ed.): Tertiary Correlations and Climatic Changes in the Pacific. - 67-76; Sendai, Japan (Sasaki Printing and Publishing Co. Ltd.).
84. WOLFE, J. A. & POORE, R. Z. (1982): Tertiary marine and non-marine climatic trends. - In: BERGER, W. H. & CROWELL, J. C. (Eds,): Climate in Earth History. - 154-158; Washington, DC (National Academy of Sciences).
85. WOLFE, J. A., SCHORN, H. E., FOREST, C. E. & MOLNAR, P. (1997): Paleobotanical evidence for high altitudes in Nevada during the Miocene. - Science, 276: 1672-1675.
86. ZACHOS, J. C., PAGANI, M., SLOAN, L., THOMAS, E. & BILLUPS, K. (2001): Trends, rhythms, and aberrations in global climate 65 Ma to present. - Science, 292: 686-693.