Ecomorphology of orbit orientation and the adaptive significance of binocular vision in primates and other mammals

Brain, Behavior and Evolution

Volumn 71, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 54-67

  Heesy, Christopher P ^a  

^a MIDWESTERN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Binocular vision; Binocular visual field overlap; Mammals; Orbit orientation; Primate origins

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BINOCULAR VISION; CATHEMERAL ANIMAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DATA ANALYSIS; ECOLOGY; FORAGING; HUMAN; MARSUPIAL; NIGHT; ORBIT; PREDATION; PREY; PRIMATE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSIMIAN; STEREOSCOPIC VISION; VISUAL FIELD;

ADAPTATION, PHYSIOLOGICAL; ANIMALS; ECOLOGY; FIXATION, OCULAR; MAMMALS; ORBIT; PRIMATES; VISION, BINOCULAR; VISUAL FIELDS;

EUTHERIA; MAMMALIA; METATHERIA; PRIMATES;

EID: 37049036152     PISSN: 00068977     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1159/000108621     Document Type: Article

References (72)

1. Allman JM (1977) Evolution of the visual system in early primates. In: Progress in Psychobiology and Physiological Psychology (Sprague JM Epstein AN, eds), pp 1-53. New York: Academic Press.
2. Allman JM (1999) Evolving Brains. New York: WH Freeman and Company.
3. Campbell FW, Green DG (1965) Monocular versus binocular visual acuity. Nature 208:191-192.
4. Cartmill M (1970) The orbits of arboreal mammals: A reassessment of the arboreal theory of primate evolution. PhD dissertation, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
5. Cartmill M (1972) Arboreal adaptations and the origin of the order primates. In: The Functional and Evolutionary Biology of Primates (Tuttle R, ed), pp 97-122. Chicago: Aldine.
6. Cartmill M (1974) Rethinking primate origins. Science 184:436-443.
7. Cartmill M (1980) Morphology, function, and evolution of the anthropoid postorbital septum. In: Evolutionary Biology of the New World Monkeys and Continental Drift (Ciochon RL, Chiarelli AB, eds), pp 243-274. New York: Plenum.
8. Cartmill M (1992) New views on primate origins. Evol Anthropol 3:105-111.
9. Charman WN (1991) The vertebrate dioptric apparatus. In: Vision and Visual Dysfunction, Volume 2. Evolution of the Eye and Visual System (Cronly-Dillon JR, Gregory RL, eds), pp 82-117. Boca Raton FL: CRC Press.
10. Collett T (1977) Stereopsis in toads. Nature 267:349-351.
11. Collins ET (1921) Changes in the visual organs correlated with the adoption of arboreal life and with the assumption of the erect posture. Trans Ophthal Soc UK 41:10-90.
12. Crompton RH (1995) 'Visual predation,' habitat structure, and the ancestral primate niche. In: Creatures of the Dark the Nocturnal Prosimians (Alterman L, Doyle GA, Izard MK, eds), pp 11-30. New York: Plenum Press.
13. Crompton RH, Sellers WI, Gunther MM (1993) Energetic efficiency and ecology as selective factors in the saltatory adaptation of prosimian primates. Proc R Soc Lond, Series B 254:41-45.
14. Demes B, Forchap E, Herwig H (1991) They seem to glide: Are there aerodynamic effects in leaping prosimian primates? Z Morph Anthrop 78:373-385.
15. Derby A, Heesy CP, Ross CF (2003) Allometric and functional influences on orbit orientation in didelphid and phalangerid marsupials. Am J Phys Anthropol Suppl 36:88.
16. Felsenstein J (1985) Phylogenies and the comparative method. Am Nat 125:1-15.
17. Fisher NI (1993) Statistical Analysis of Circular Data. New York: Cambridge University Press.
18. Green SB, Salkind NJ, Akey TM (2000) Using SPSS for Windows. Analyzing and Understanding Data. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
19. Hair JF, Anderson RE, Tatham RL, Black WC (1998) Multivariate Data Analysis, Fifth edition. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
20. Hall MI, Ross CF (2007) Eye shape and activity pattern in birds. J Zool Lond 271:437-444.
21. Harvey PH, Pagel MD (1991) The Comparative Method in Evolutionary Biology. Oxford UK: Oxford University Press.
22. Hecht E (2002) Optics. Fourth edition. New York: Addison-Wesley.
23. Heesy CP (2003) The evolution of orbit orientation in mammals and the function of the primate postorbital bar. PhD dissertation, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York.
24. Heesy CP (2004) On the relationship between orbit orientation and binocular visual field overlap in mammals. Anat Rec 281A:1104-1110.
25. Heesy CP (2005) The function of the mammalian postorbital bar. J Morphol 264:363-380.
26. Howard IP, Rogers BJ (1995) Binocular Vision and Stereopsis. New York: Oxford University Press.
27. Hughes A (1972) A schematic eye for the rabbit. Vision Res 12:123-138.
28. Hughes A (1977) The topography of vision in mammals of contrasting lifestyle: Comparative optics and retinal organisation. In: The Visual System in Vertebrates (Crescitelli F, ed), pp. 613-756. New York: Springer-Verlag.
29. Hughes A (1979) A schematic eye for the rat. Vision Res 19:569-588.
30. Jones FW (1917) Arboreal Man. New York: Hafner Publishing Company.
31. Julesz B (1971) Foundations of Cyclopean Perception. Chicago IL: University of Chicago Press.
32. Kandel ER (1991) Perception of motion, depth, and form. In: Principles of Neural Science, third edition (Kandel ER, Schwartz JH Jessell TM, eds), pp. 440-466. Norwalk, CT: Appleton and Lange.
33. Land MF (1981) Optics and vision in invertebrates. In: Handbook of Sensory Physiology, VII/6B (Autrum H, ed), pp. 471-592. New York: Springer-Verlag.
34. Land MF, Nilsson D-E (2002) Animal Eyes. New York: Oxford University Press.
35. Lee DN (1994) An eye or ear for flying. In: Perception and Motor Control in Birds: An Ecological Approach (Davies MNO, Green PR, eds), pp 270-291. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
36. Lee DN, Reddish PE (1981) Plummeting gannets: a paradigm of ecological optics. Nature 293:293-294.
37. Le Gros Clark WE (1959) The Antecedents of Man. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
38. Lockwood CA, Lynch JM, Kimbel WH (2002) Quantifying temporal bone morphology of great apes and humans: An approach using geometric morphometrics. J Anat 201:447-464.
39. Lythgoe JN (1979) The Ecology of Vision. Oxford UK: Clarendon Press.
40. Martin GR (1990) Birds by Night. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
41. Martin GR (1999) Optical structure and visual fields in birds: Their relationship with foraging behaviour and ecology. In: Adaptive Mechanisms in the Ecology of Vision (Archer SN, Djamgoz MBA, Loew ER, Partridge JC Vallerga S, eds), pp 485-508. Norwell MA: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
42. Martin GR, Katzir G (1999) Visual fields in short-toed eagles, Circaetus gallicus (accipitridae), and the function of binocularity in birds. Brain Behav Evol 53:55-66.
43. Martin RD (1986) Are fruit bats primates? Nature 320:482-483.
44. Martins EP, Hansen TF (1997) Phylogenies and the comparative method: A general approach to incorporating phylogenetic information into the analysis of interspecific data. Am Nat 149:646-667.
45. McFadden SA (1987) The binocular stereoacuity of the pigeon and its relation to the anatomical resolving power of the eye. Vision Res 27:1741-1746.
46. McFadden SA (1994) Binocular depth perception. In: Perception and Motor Control in Birds: An Ecological Approach (Davies, MNO and Green PR, eds), pp 54-73. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
47. McKenna MC, Bell SK (1997) Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level. New York: Columbia University Press.
48. Merilaita S (2003) Visual background complexity facilitates the evolution of camouflage. Evolution 57:1248-1254.
49. Ni X, Wang Y, Hu Y, Li C (2004) A euprimate skull from the early Eocene of China. Nature 427:65-68.
50. Pariente G (1979) The role of vision in prosimian behavior. In: The Study of Prosimian Behavior (Doyle GA, Martin RD, eds), pp 411-459. London: Academic Press.
51. Pettigrew JD (1978) Comparison of the retinotopic organization of the visual wulst in nocturnal and diurnal raptors, with a note on the evolution of frontal vision. In: Frontiers of Visual Science (Cool SJ, Smith EL, eds), pp 328-335. New York: Springer Verlag.
52. Pettigrew JD (1986a) The evolution of binocular vision. In: Visual Neuroscience (Pettigrew JD, Sanderson KJ, Levick WR, eds), pp 208-222. London: Cambridge University Press.
53. Pettigrew JD (1986b) Flying primates? Megabats have the advanced pathway from eye to mid-brain. Science 231:1304-1306.
54. Pirenne MH (1943) Binocular and uniocular threshold of vision. Nature 152:698-699.
55. Purvis A, Rambaut A (1995) Comparative analysis by independent contrasts (CAIC): an Apple Macintosh application for analysing comparative data. Comp Appl Biosci 11:247-251.
56. Ravosa MJ, Savakova DG (2004) Euprimate origins: the eyes have it. J Hum Evol 46:355-362.
57. Rohlf FJ (2001) Comparative methods for the analysis of continuous variables: geometric interpretations. Evolution 55:2143-2160.
58. Ross CF (1995) Allometric and functional influences on primate orbit orientation and the origins of the anthropoidea. J Hum Evol 29:201-227.
59. Ross CF (1996) Adaptive explanation for the origins of the Anthropoidea (Primates). Am J Primatol 40:205-230.
60. Ross CF (2000) Into the light: The origin of anthropoidea. Ann Rev Anthropol 29:147-194.
61. Ross CF, Martin RD (2007) The role of vision in the origin and evolution of primates. In: Evolution of Nervous Systems. Volume 4: The Evolution of Primate Nervous Systems (Preuss TM, Kaas J, eds), pp 59-78. Oxford UK: Elsevier.
62. Ross CF, Ravosa M (1993) Basicranial flexion, relative brain size and facial kyphosis in nonhuman primates. Am J Phys Anthropol 91:305-324.
63. Ross CF, Henneberg M, Ravosa MJ, Richard S (2004) Curvilinear, geometric and phylogenetic modeling of basicranial flexion: Is it adaptive, is it constrained? J Hum Evol 46:185-213.
64. Schor C (2001) Binocular vision factors that influence optical design. In: Handbook of Optics, Volume III: Classical Optics, Vision Optics, X-Ray Optics (Bass M, Enoch JM, Van Stryland EW, Wolfe WL, eds), pp 12.1-12.39. New York: McGraw-Hill.
65. Smith GE (1924) The Evolution of Man. London: Oxford University Press.
66. Smith G, Atchison DA (1997) The Eye and Visual Optical Instruments. New York: Cambridge University Press.
67. Sokal RR, Rohlf FJ (1995) Biometry: Third edition. New York: W. H. Freeman and Co.
68. Strait DS, Ross CF (1999) Kinematic data on primate head and neck posture: Implications for the evolution of basicranial flexion and an evaluation of registration planes used in paleoanthropology. Am J Phys Anthropol 108:205-222.
69. Sussman RW (1991) Primate origins and the evolution of angiosperms. Am J Primatol 23:209-223.
70. van der Willigen CA, Frost BJ, Wagner H (1998) Stereoscopic depth perception in the owl. NeuroReport 9:1233-1237.
71. Walker A (1974) Locomotor adaptations in past and present prosimians. In: Primate Locomotion (Jenkins FA, ed), pp 349-381. New York: Academic Press.
72. Walls GL (1942) The Vertebrate Eye and its Adaptive Radiation. New York: Hafner.