Influence of education level on breast cancer risk and survival in Sweden between 1990 and 2004

International Journal of Cancer

Volumn 122, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 165-169

  Hussain, Shehnaz K ^a   Altieri, Andrea ^a   Sundquist, Jan ^a   Hemminki, Kari ^a,b  

^a KAROLINSKA INSTITUTE   (Sweden)

^b GERMAN CANCER RESEARCH CENTER DKFZ   (Germany)

Author keywords

Breast cancer; Education; Incidence; Survival

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BREAST CANCER; CANCER DIAGNOSIS; CANCER SCREENING; CANCER SURVIVAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEMOGRAPHY; EDUCATION; FAMILY HISTORY; FEMALE; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MEDICAL RESEARCH; PARITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SWEDEN;

ADULT; BREAST NEOPLASMS; CARCINOMA, DUCTAL, BREAST; CARCINOMA, LOBULAR; EDUCATIONAL STATUS; FEMALE; HUMANS; MIDDLE AGED; REGISTRIES; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTORS; SURVIVAL RATE; SWEDEN;

EID: 36749011200     PISSN: 00207136     EISSN: 10970215     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/ijc.23007     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Heck KE, Pamuk ER. Explaining the relation between education and postmenopausal breast cancer. Am J Epidemiol 1997;145:366-72.
2. Bratten T, Weiderpass E, Kumle M, Adami HO, Lund E. Education and risk of breast cancer in the Norwegian-Swedish women's lifestyle and health cohort study. Int J Cancer 2004;110:579-83.
3. McTiernan A, Kooperberg C, White E, Wilcox S, Coates R, Adams-Campbell LL, Woods N, Ockene J. Recreational physical activity and the risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women - The Women's Health Initiative cohort study. J Am Med Assoc 2003;290:1331-6.
4. Freudenheim JL, Marshall JR, Vena JE, Laughlin R, Brasure JR, Swanson MK, Nemoto T, Graham S. Premenopausal breast cancer risk and intake of vegetables, fruits, and related nutrients. J Natl Cancer Inst 1996;88:340-8.
5. Coleman EA, O'Sullivan P. Racial differences in breast cancer screening among women from 65 to 74 years of age: trends from 1987-1993 and barriers to screening. J Women Aging 2001;13:23-39.
6. Davis TC, Williams MV, Marin E, Parker RM, Glass J. Health literacy and cancer communication. CA Cancer J Clin 2002;52:134-49.
7. Dalton SO, During M, Ross L, Carlsen K, Mortensen PB, Lynch J, Johansen C. The relation between socioeconomic and demographic factors and tumour stage in women diagnosed with breast cancer in Denmark. 1983-1999. Br J Cancer 2006;95:653-9.
8. Rutqvist LE, Bern A. Socioeconomic gradients in clinical stage at presentation and survival among breast cancer patients in the Stockholm area 1977-1997. Int J Cancer 2006;119:1433-9.
9. Griggs JJ, Culakova E, Sorbero MES, van Ryn M, Poniewierski MS, Wolff DA, Crawford J, Dale DC, Lyman GH. Effect of patient socioeconomic status and body mass index on the quality of breast cancer adjuvant chemotherapy. J Clin Oncol 2007;25:277-84.
10. Spiegel D, Kraemer HC, Bloom JR, Gottheil E. Effect of psychosocial treatment on survival of patients with metastatic breast-cancer. Lancet 1989;2:888-91.
11. Lehto US, Ojanen M, Dyba T, Aromaa A, Kellokumpu-Lehtinen P. Baseline psychosocial predictors of survival in localised breast cancer. Br J Cancer 2006;94:1245-52.
12. Colditz GA, Hankinson SE, Hunter DJ, Willett WC, Manson JE, Stampfer MJ, Hennekens C, Rosner B, Speizer FE. The use of estrogens and progestins and the risk of breast-cancer in postmenopausal women. N Engl J Med 1995;332:1589-93.
13. Fletcher AS, Erbas B, Kavanagh AM, Hart S, Rodger A, Gertig DM. Use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and survival following breast cancer diagnosis. Breast 2005;14:192-200.
14. Gordon NH. Association of education and income with estrogen-receptor status in primary breast-cancer. Am J Epidemiol 1995;142:796-803.
15. Hemminki K, Li XJ. Level of education and the risk of cancer in Sweden. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2003;12:796-802.
16. Pukkala E, Weiderpass E. Time trends in socio-economic differences in incidence rates of cancers of the breast and female genital organs (Finland, 1971-1995). Int J Cancer 1999;81:56-61.
17. Tavani A, Braga C, LaVecchia C, Negri E, Russo A, Franceschi S. Attributable risks for breast cancer in Italy: education, family history and reproductive and hormonal factors. Int J Cancer 1997;70:159-63.
18. Hemminki K, Li X. University and medical education and the risk of cancer in Sweden. Eur J Cancer Prev 2004;13:199-205.
19. Lund E, Jacobsen BK. Education and breast-cancer mortality-experience from a large Norwegian cohort study. Cancer Causes Control 1991;2:235-8.
20. Carter CL, Jones DY, Schatzkin A, Brinton LA. A prospective-study of reproductive, familial, and socioeconomic risk-factors for breast-cancer using Nhanes-I data. Public Health Rep 1989;104:45-50.
21. Heck KE, Wagener DK, Schatzkin A, Devesa SS, Breen N. Socioeconomic status and breast cancer mortality, 1989 through 1993: an analysis of education data from death certificates. Am J Publ Health 1997;87:1218-22.
22. Centre for Epidemiology. Cancer incidence in Sweden 2004. Stockholm: Centre for Epidemiology, The National Board of Health and Welfare, 2006.
23. Cox DR. Regression models and life-tables. J R Stat Soc Ser B Stat Methodol 1972;34:187-220.
24. Szklo M, Nieto FJ. Epidemiology: beyond the basics. Gaithersburg: Aspen, 2000.
25. Schoenfeld D. Partial residuals for the proportional hazards regression-model. Biometrika 1982;69:239-41.
26. Kerlikowske K, Barclay J, Grady D, Sickles EA, Emster V. Comparison of risk factors for ductal carcinoma in situ and invasive breast cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 1997;89:76-82.
27. Claus EB, Stowe M, Carter D. Breast carcinoma in situ: risk factors and screening patterns. J Natl Cancer Inst 2001;93:1811-7.
28. Clavel-Chapelon F, Gerber M. Reproductive factors and breast cancer risk. Do they differ according to age at diagnosis? Breast Cancer Res Treat 2002;72:107-15.
29. Tryggvadottir L, Tulinius H, Eyfjord JE, Sigurvinsson T. Breast cancer risk factors and age at diagnosis: an Icelandic cohort study. Int J Cancer 2002;98:604-8.
30. Hirose K, Tajima K, Hamajima N, Inoue M, Takezaki T, Kuroishi T, Yoshida M, Tokudome S. A large-scale, hospital-based case-control study of risk-factors of breast-cancer according to menopausal status. Jpn J Cancer Res 1995;86:146-54.
31. Hemminki K, Bermejo JL. Effects of screening for breast cancer on its age-incidence relationships and familial risk. Int J Cancer 2005;117:145-9.
32. Schrijvers CTM, Coebergh JWW, Vanderheijden LH, Mackenbach JP. Socioeconomic-status and breast-cancer survival in the Southeastem Netherlands, 1980-1989. Eur J Cancer 1995;31A:1660-4.
33. Schrijvers CTM, Mackenbach JP. Cancer-patient survival by socioeconomic-status in the Netherlands - a review for 6 common cancer sites. J Epidemiol Commun Health 1994;48:441-6.
34. Karjalainen S, Pukkala E. Social-class as a prognostic factor in breast-cancer survival. Cancer 1990;66:819-26.
35. Olsson S, Andersson I, Karlberg I, Bjurstam N, Frodis E, Hakansson S. Implementation of service screening with mammography in Sweden: from pilot study to nationwide programme. J Med Screen 2000;7:14-8.
36. Bjurstam N, Bjorneld L, Duffy SW, Smith TC, Cahlin E, Eriksson O, Hafstrom LO, Lingaas H, Mattsson J, Persson S, Rudenstam CM, SaveSoderbergh J. The Gothenburg breast screening trial - first results on mortality, incidence, and made of detection for women ages 39-49 years at randomization. Cancer 1997;80:2091-9.
37. Lagerlund M, Hedin A, Sparen P, Thurfjell E, Lambe M. Attitudes, beliefs, and knowledge as predictors of nonattendance in a Swedish population-based mammography screening program. Prev Med 2000;31:417-28.
38. Banks E, Beral V, Cameron R, Hogg A, Langley N, Barnes I, Bull D, Reeves G, English R, Taylor S, Elliman J, Harris CL. Comparison of various characteristics of women who do and do not attend for breast cancer screening. Breast Cancer Res 2002;4:6.
39. Cockburn J, Sutherland M, Cappiello M, Hevern M. Predictors of attendance at a relocatable mammography service for rural women. Aust N Z Publ Health 1997;21:739-42.
40. Sutton S, Bickler G, Sanchoaldridge J, Saidi G. Prospective-study of predictors of attendance for breast screening in inner London. J Epidemiol Commun Health 1994;48:65-73.
41. Vainio H, Bianchini F. IARC handbook of cancer prevention: breast cancer screening, Vol. 7. Lyon, France: IARC Press, 2002.
42. Duffy SW, Tabar L, Chen HH, Holmqvist M, Yen MF, Abdsalah S, Epstein B, Frodis E, Ljungberg E, Hedborg-Melander C, Sundbom A, Tholin M, et al. The impact of organized mammography service screening on breast carcinoma mortality in seven Swedish counties - a collaborative evaluation. Cancer 2002;95:458-69.
43. Blanks RG, Moss SM, Patnick J. Results from the UKNHS breast screening programme 1994-1999. J Med Screen 2000;7:195-8.
44. Poplack SP, Tosteson AN, Grove MR, Wells WA, Carney PA. Mammography in 53,803 women from the New Hampshire mammography network. Radiology 2000;217:832-40.
45. Fracheboud J, de Koning HJ, Beemsterboer PMM, Boer R, Hendriks J, Verbeek ALM, van Ineveld BM, de Bruyn AE, van der Maas PJ. Nation-wide breast cancer screening in the Netherlands: results of initial and subsequent screening 1990-1995. Int J Cancer 1998;75:694-8.