메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 39, Issue 4, 2007, Pages 668-685

A comparison of global and actual measures of perceived crowding of urban forest visitors

Author keywords

Crowding; Intra individual analysis; Past experience; Repeat users; Visitor counts

Indexed keywords

MEASUREMENT METHOD; TOURISM; URBAN FORESTRY; VARIANCE ANALYSIS;

EID: 36549032870     PISSN: 00222216     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/00222216.2007.11950127     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (27)

References (32)
  • 1
    • 33746184267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recreation use of urban forests: An inter-area comparison
    • Arnberger, A. (2006). Recreation use of urban forests: An inter-area comparison. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 4, 135-144.
    • (2006) Urban Forestry & Urban Greening , vol.4 , pp. 135-144
    • Arnberger, A.1
  • 2
    • 20144384742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social effects on crowding preferences of urban forest visitors
    • Arnberger, A., & Haider, W. (2005). Social effects on crowding preferences of urban forest visitors. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 3, 125-136.
    • (2005) Urban Forestry & Urban Greening , vol.3 , pp. 125-136
    • Arnberger, A.1    Haider, W.2
  • 3
    • 0000244750 scopus 로고
    • Crowding
    • D. Stokols & I. Altman Eds, 2nd ed, pp, Malabar, FL: Krieger Publishing
    • Baum, A., & Paulus, P. B. (1991). Crowding. In D. Stokols & I. Altman (Eds.), Handbook of Environmental Psychology (Vol. 1, 2nd ed., pp. 533-570). Malabar, FL: Krieger Publishing.
    • (1991) Handbook of Environmental Psychology , vol.1 , pp. 533-570
    • Baum, A.1    Paulus, P.B.2
  • 4
    • 24944569460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The problem of verbal reports in recreation research: Review, recommendations, and new directions
    • Borrie, W. T., Roggenbuck, J. W., & Hull, R. B. (1998). The problem of verbal reports in recreation research: Review, recommendations, and new directions. Tourism Analysis, 2, 175-183.
    • (1998) Tourism Analysis , vol.2 , pp. 175-183
    • Borrie, W.T.1    Roggenbuck, J.W.2    Hull, R.B.3
  • 5
    • 36549036754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visitor use density and wilderness experiences: A historical review of research
    • W. A. Wayne & D. N. Cole Eds, Ogden, UT: USDA Forest Service
    • Cole, D. N. (2001). Visitor use density and wilderness experiences: A historical review of research. In W. A. Wayne & D. N. Cole (Eds.), Visitor Use Density and Wilderness Experience (pp. 11-20). Ogden, UT: USDA Forest Service.
    • (2001) Visitor Use Density and Wilderness Experience , pp. 11-20
    • Cole, D.N.1
  • 6
    • 0036651441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variability of user-based evaluative standards for backcountry encounters
    • Cole, D. N., & Stewart, W. P. (2002). Variability of user-based evaluative standards for backcountry encounters. Leisure Sciences, 24, 313-324.
    • (2002) Leisure Sciences , vol.24 , pp. 313-324
    • Cole, D.N.1    Stewart, W.P.2
  • 7
    • 36549042512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measures of wilderness trip satisfaction and user perceptions of crowding
    • N. Cole, S. F. McCool,W. T. Borrie & J. O'Loughlin Eds, Ogden, UT: USDA Forest Service
    • Dawson, C. P., & Watson, A. E. (2000). Measures of wilderness trip satisfaction and user perceptions of crowding. In N. Cole, S. F. McCool,W. T. Borrie & J. O'Loughlin (Eds.), Wilderness Sciences in a Time of Change Conference (RMRS-P-15, Vol. 4, pp. 93-98). Ogden, UT: USDA Forest Service.
    • (2000) Wilderness Sciences in a Time of Change Conference (RMRS-P-15 , vol.4 , pp. 93-98
    • Dawson, C.P.1    Watson, A.E.2
  • 8
    • 0021086932 scopus 로고
    • Factors contributing to perceptions of recreational crowding
    • Ditton, R. B., Fedler, A. J., & Graefe, A. R. (1983). Factors contributing to perceptions of recreational crowding. Leisure Sciences, 5, 273-288.
    • (1983) Leisure Sciences , vol.5 , pp. 273-288
    • Ditton, R.B.1    Fedler, A.J.2    Graefe, A.R.3
  • 10
    • 0021349216 scopus 로고
    • Crowding perception determinants at intensively developed outdoor recreation sites
    • Gramann, J. H., & Burdge, R. (1984). Crowding perception determinants at intensively developed outdoor recreation sites. Journal for Leisure Research, 6, 167-186.
    • (1984) Journal for Leisure Research , vol.6 , pp. 167-186
    • Gramann, J.H.1    Burdge, R.2
  • 11
    • 0030518568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Who cares about encounters? Differences between those with and without norms
    • Hall, T., & Shelby, B. (1996): Who cares about encounters? Differences between those with and without norms. Leisure Sciences, 18, 7-22.
    • (1996) Leisure Sciences , vol.18 , pp. 7-22
    • Hall, T.1    Shelby, B.2
  • 12
    • 0036190388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Urban forests and parks as privacy refuges
    • Hammitt, W. E. (2002). Urban forests and parks as privacy refuges. Journal of Arboriculture, 28(1), 19-26.
    • (2002) Journal of Arboriculture , vol.28 , Issue.1 , pp. 19-26
    • Hammitt, W.E.1
  • 13
    • 4344615598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experience use history, place bonding and resource substitution of trout anglers during recreation engagements
    • Hammitt, W. E., Backlund, E. A., & Bixler, R. D. (2004). Experience use history, place bonding and resource substitution of trout anglers during recreation engagements. Journal of Leisure Research 36, 356-378.
    • (2004) Journal of Leisure Research , vol.36 , pp. 356-378
    • Hammitt, W.E.1    Backlund, E.A.2    Bixler, R.D.3
  • 15
    • 0032426335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resident perceptions of tourism in a resort town
    • Korça, P. (1998). Resident perceptions of tourism in a resort town. Leisure Sciences, 20, 193-212.
    • (1998) Leisure Sciences , vol.20 , pp. 193-212
    • Korça, P.1
  • 16
    • 0037307740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crowding at an arts festival: Extending crowding models to the frontcountry
    • Lee, H., & Graefe, A. R. (2003). Crowding at an arts festival: Extending crowding models to the frontcountry. Tourism Management, 24, 1-11.
    • (2003) Tourism Management , vol.24 , pp. 1-11
    • Lee, H.1    Graefe, A.R.2
  • 17
    • 0000731329 scopus 로고
    • Integrating public safety and use into planning urban greenways
    • Luymes, D. T., & Tamminga, K. (1995). Integrating public safety and use into planning urban greenways. Landscape and Urban Planning, 33, 391-400.
    • (1995) Landscape and Urban Planning , vol.33 , pp. 391-400
    • Luymes, D.T.1    Tamminga, K.2
  • 18
    • 0037578126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coping in outdoor recreation: Causes and consequences of crowding and conflict among community residents
    • Manning, R. E., & Valliere, W. A. (2001). Coping in outdoor recreation: causes and consequences of crowding and conflict among community residents. Journal of Leisure Research 33, 410-426.
    • (2001) Journal of Leisure Research , vol.33 , pp. 410-426
    • Manning, R.E.1    Valliere, W.A.2
  • 20
    • 0021055386 scopus 로고
    • Expectations, preferences, and feeling crowded in recreation activities
    • Shelby, B., Heberlein, T. A., Vaske, J. J., & Alfano, G. (1983). Expectations, preferences, and feeling crowded in recreation activities. Leisure Sciences 6, 1-14.
    • (1983) Leisure Sciences , vol.6 , pp. 1-14
    • Shelby, B.1    Heberlein, T.A.2    Vaske, J.J.3    Alfano, G.4
  • 21
    • 0024830133 scopus 로고
    • Comparative analysis of crowding in multiple locations: Results from fifteen years of research
    • Shelby, B., Vaske, J. J., & Heberlein, T. H. (1989). Comparative analysis of crowding in multiple locations: Results from fifteen years of research. Leisure Sciences, 11, 269-291.
    • (1989) Leisure Sciences , vol.11 , pp. 269-291
    • Shelby, B.1    Vaske, J.J.2    Heberlein, T.H.3
  • 22
    • 0033507974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In search of situational effects in outdoor recreation: Different methods, different results
    • Stewart, W. P., & Cole, D. N. (1999). In search of situational effects in outdoor recreation: Different methods, different results. Leisure Sciences, 21, 269-286.
    • (1999) Leisure Sciences , vol.21 , pp. 269-286
    • Stewart, W.P.1    Cole, D.N.2
  • 24
    • 0033391016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variability of the perceived crowding scale: A research note
    • Tarrant, M. A. (1999). Variability of the perceived crowding scale: A research note. Leisure Sciences, 21, 159-164.
    • (1999) Leisure Sciences , vol.21 , pp. 159-164
    • Tarrant, M.A.1
  • 25
    • 0031487872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring perceived crowding for high-density river recreation: The effects of situational conditions and personal factors
    • Tarrant, M., Cordell, H., & Kibler, T. (1997). Measuring perceived crowding for high-density river recreation: The effects of situational conditions and personal factors. Leisure Sciences, 19, 97-112.
    • (1997) Leisure Sciences , vol.19 , pp. 97-112
    • Tarrant, M.1    Cordell, H.2    Kibler, T.3
  • 27
    • 0033229492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonresponse and recall errors in a study of absence because of illness: An analysis of their effects on distributions and relationships
    • Van Goor, H., & Verhage, A. L. (1999). Nonresponse and recall errors in a study of absence because of illness: An analysis of their effects on distributions and relationships. Quality & Quantity, 33, 411-428.
    • (1999) Quality & Quantity , vol.33 , pp. 411-428
    • Van Goor, H.1    Verhage, A.L.2
  • 28
    • 0036651688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Generalizing the encounter-norm-crowding relationship
    • Vaske, J. J., & Donnelly, M. P. (2002). Generalizing the encounter-norm-crowding relationship. Leisure Sciences, 24, 255-269.
    • (2002) Leisure Sciences , vol.24 , pp. 255-269
    • Vaske, J.J.1    Donnelly, M.P.2
  • 29
    • 0019172487 scopus 로고
    • Perceptions of crowding and resource quality by early and more recent visitors
    • Vaske, J. J., Donnelly, M. P., & Heberlein, T. A. (1980). Perceptions of crowding and resource quality by early and more recent visitors. Leisure Sciences 3, 367-381.
    • (1980) Leisure Sciences , vol.3 , pp. 367-381
    • Vaske, J.J.1    Donnelly, M.P.2    Heberlein, T.A.3
  • 30
    • 0035097523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resident perceptions in the urban-rural fringe
    • Weaver, D. B., & Lawton, L. J. (2001). Resident perceptions in the urban-rural fringe. Annals of Tourism Research, 28, 439-458.
    • (2001) Annals of Tourism Research , vol.28 , pp. 439-458
    • Weaver, D.B.1    Lawton, L.J.2
  • 31
    • 0020460089 scopus 로고
    • Effects of user behavior on the perception of crowding in backcountry forest recreation
    • West, P. C. (1982). Effects of user behavior on the perception of crowding in backcountry forest recreation. Forest Science 28(1), 95-105.
    • (1982) Forest Science , vol.28 , Issue.1 , pp. 95-105
    • West, P.C.1
  • 32
    • 0023074535 scopus 로고
    • Perceived crowding in recreation settings: An urban case study
    • Westover, T. N., & Collins, J. R. (1987). Perceived crowding in recreation settings: An urban case study. Leisure Sciences, 9, 87-99.
    • (1987) Leisure Sciences , vol.9 , pp. 87-99
    • Westover, T.N.1    Collins, J.R.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.