메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 25, Issue 12, 2007, Pages 539-543

Patent border wars: defining the boundary between scientific discoveries and patentable inventions

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ENGINEERING RESEARCH; GENE ENCODING; METABOLITES;

EID: 36248986161     PISSN: 01677799     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2007.09.002     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (9)

References (40)
  • 1
    • 36248964359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 35 U.S.C. § 181. (For example, a cryptographic system used by U.S. security or military agencies). Clift v. U.S., 808 F.Supp. 101 (D. Conn. 1991)
  • 2
    • 36248945808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 35 U.S.C. § 183
  • 3
    • 36249029439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 35 U.S.C. § 287(c)
  • 4
    • 36248964877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 35 U.S.C. § 273
  • 5
    • 33646545704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The human use of humanoid beings: chimeras and patent law
    • Rabin S. The human use of humanoid beings: chimeras and patent law. Nat. Biotechnol. 24 (2006) 517-519
    • (2006) Nat. Biotechnol. , vol.24 , pp. 517-519
    • Rabin, S.1
  • 6
    • 0346905100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human Cloning Ban Sidetracked: Senate Vote Deals Amendment Second Setback in a Week
    • Dewar H. Human Cloning Ban Sidetracked: Senate Vote Deals Amendment Second Setback in a Week. Washington Post 19 (2002 June) A4
    • (2002) Washington Post , vol.19
    • Dewar, H.1
  • 7
    • 36248948236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European Patent Convention (EPC) Article 53
  • 8
    • 36249023898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Directive 98/44/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 6 July, 1998 on the legal protection of biotechnological inventions
  • 9
    • 0034690025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Politicians seek to block human-gene patents in Europe
    • Abbott A., and Hellerer U. Politicians seek to block human-gene patents in Europe. Nature 404 (2000) 802
    • (2000) Nature , vol.404 , pp. 802
    • Abbott, A.1    Hellerer, U.2
  • 10
    • 36249016521 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patents, I. (Amendment) Act 2005, § 4 (repealing Section 5 of the law then in effect, the Patents Act, 1970 (2002)), available at http://patentoffice.nic.in/ipr/patent/patent_2005.pdf) (last visited Sept. 1, 2007). The prior law had prohibited the grant of patents on substances capable of use as food, medicine, or drug: see India Patents Act, 1970 (2002) § 5(a)
  • 11
    • 36249013379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diamond v. Chakrabarty, 447 U.S. 303 (1980)
  • 12
    • 36248999640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • J.E.M. Ag Supply, Inc. v. Pioneer Hi-Bred Int' l, Inc., 534 U.S. 124, 143-46 (2001); Ex parte Allen, 2 USPQ2d 1425 (Bd. Pat. App. & Inter. 1987); and Animals - Patentability (April 21, 1987) 1077 Off. Gaz. Pat. Office 24
  • 13
    • 36248951330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • USPTO Utility Examination Guidelines, 66 Fed. Reg. 1092 (2001)
  • 14
    • 36249012717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diamond v. Diehr, 450 U.S. 175, 191-92 (1981), citing Parker v. Flook, 437 U.S. 584, 590 (1978)
  • 15
    • 36248957805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gottschalk v. Benson, 409 U.S. 63 (1972)
  • 16
    • 36248955742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crichton, M. (2007) Patenting Life, editorial, New York Times 23 February, p. A23
  • 17
    • 36248973872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Patent No 141,072
  • 18
    • 36248941665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parke-Davis & Co. v. H.K. Mulford Co., 189 F. 95, 103 (S.D.N.Y. 1911). In re Bergstrom, 427 F.2d 1394, 1397 (C.C.P.A. 1970)
  • 19
    • 36248985895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brief for Amicus Curiae Affymetrix, Inc. in Support of Appellee, In re Dane K. Fisher and Raghunath v. Lalgudi, 2004 WL 4996615 (2004)
  • 21
    • 33750102879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emerging patent issues in genomic diagnostics
    • Barton J.H. Emerging patent issues in genomic diagnostics. Nat. Biotechnol. 24 (2006) 939-941
    • (2006) Nat. Biotechnol. , vol.24 , pp. 939-941
    • Barton, J.H.1
  • 22
    • 36248978358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Holman, C.M. The impact of human gene patents on innovation and access: a survey of human gene patent litigation. University of Missouri-Kansas City Law Review (in press)
  • 23
    • 36248975472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • H.R. 977, 110th Cong. (2007)
  • 24
    • 36248980043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • As evidence of lack of support, note that there does not appear to be any move to include the ban in the more general patent reform legislation currently being considered by Congress. Patent Reform Act of 2007, H.R. 1908, 110th Cong. (2007). For criticism of the GRAA, see, e.g., Noonan, K. (2007) Science Fiction in the New York Times, http://www.patentdocs.us/patent_docs/2007/02/science_fiction.html (last visited Sept. 3, 2007)
  • 25
    • 36249011646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genomic Research and Diagnostic Accessibility Act of 2002, H.R. 3967, 107th Cong. (2002)
  • 26
    • 36249025357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Patent Nos 5,693,473; 5,709,999; 5,747,282 and 5,753,441
  • 28
    • 33748516792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence and anecdotes: an analysis of human gene patenting controversies
    • Caulfield T., et al. Evidence and anecdotes: an analysis of human gene patenting controversies. Nat. Biotechnol. 24 (2006) 1091-1094
    • (2006) Nat. Biotechnol. , vol.24 , pp. 1091-1094
    • Caulfield, T.1
  • 29
    • 36248977821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolite Labs v. LabCorp of America, 370 F.3d 1354 (Fed. Cir. 2004)
  • 30
    • 36248985894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Patent No 4,940,658 (claim 13)
  • 31
    • 36248992600 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • LabCorp of America v. Metabolite Labs, 126 S. Ct. 543 (2006)
  • 32
    • 36248940442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • LabCorp of America v. Metabolite Labs, 126 S. Ct. 2921 (2006)
  • 33
    • 36249011081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Classen Immunotherapies v. Biogen IDEC, 381 F.Supp.2d 452 (D. Md. 2005)
  • 34
    • 36248982869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ariad Pharmaceuticals v. Eli Lilly, 2007 WL 2011279 (D. Mass. 2007)
  • 35
    • 36248986403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Patent Nos 6,420,139; 6,638,739; 5,728,385 and 5,723,283
  • 36
    • 36248943267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Memorandum Order, Classen Immunotherapies v. Biogen IDEC, Civ. No. 04-2607 (D. Md., filed August 16, 2006)
  • 37
    • 36248992067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Patent No 6,410,516
  • 38
    • 36249030765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pollack, A. (2006) Lilly Loses Patent Case to Ariad, New York Times 5 May, p. C1
  • 39
    • 36248978786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The price of progress: are universities adding to the cost?
    • Ritchie de Larena L. The price of progress: are universities adding to the cost?. Houst. Law Rev. 43 (2007) 1373-1444
    • (2007) Houst. Law Rev. , vol.43 , pp. 1373-1444
    • Ritchie de Larena, L.1
  • 40
    • 36249028917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Patent Nos 5,843,780; 6,200,806 and 7,029,913


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.