Attitudes toward euthanasia among Swedish medical students

Palliative Medicine

Volumn 21, Issue 7, 2007, Pages 615-622

  Karlsson, Marit ^a   Strang, Peter ^b   Milberg, Anna ^a  

^a LINKÖPING UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Sweden)

^b KAROLINSKA INSTITUTE   (Sweden)

Author keywords

Attitude; Death; Euthanasia; Medical students; Palliative care

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGE; ARTICLE; CONTENT ANALYSIS; CONTROLLED STUDY; EUTHANASIA; FEMALE; HOPELESSNESS; HUMAN; MALE; MEDICAL EDUCATION; MEDICAL STUDENT; MORALITY; PALLIATIVE THERAPY; PATIENT AUTONOMY; PHYSICIAN ATTITUDE; QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS; QUALITY OF LIFE; QUESTIONNAIRE; SOCIAL ASPECT; STUDENT ATTITUDE; SWEDEN;

ADULT; ATTITUDE TO DEATH; EUTHANASIA; HUMANS; PALLIATIVE CARE; QUESTIONNAIRES; STUDENTS, MEDICAL; SWEDEN;

EID: 36248972377     PISSN: 02692163     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0269216307081940     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. Unenacted bill: Australian Territories Rights of the Terminally III Bill 2007, The Senate, The Parliament of the Commonwealth of Australia. 8 February, 2007.
2. Unenacted bill: California Compassionate Choices Act, Assembly Bill No. 374, State of California, 14 May, 2007.
3. Unenacted bill: Death with dignity, Senate Bill No. 1995, The Senate, Twenty-fourth Legislature, State of Hawaii, 2007.
4. Unenacted bill: Death with dignity, Assembly Bill 298, Wisconsin state legislature, 30 April, 2007.
5. Unenacted bill: Assisted Dying for the Terminally III Bill [HL], United Kingdom Parliament, 24 November, 2004.
6. Unenacted bill: Bill C-407: An Act to amend the Criminal Code (right to die with dignity), First Session, Thirty-eighth Parliament, 53-54 Elizabeth II, House of Commons of Canada, 2004-2005.
7. Van der Maas PJ, Pijneborg L, Van Delden JJM. Changes in Dutch opinions on active euthanasia, 1966 through 1991. JAMA 1995; 273(18): 1411-4.
8. Forde R, Aasland OG, Nilsen TH. Medisinsk avslutning av liv. Er legenes holdninger forskellige fra befolkningens? (Medical end-of-life decisions. Do physicians' attitudes differ from the general publics'? Tids Nor Laegefor 1997; 117: 1135-7.
9. Emanuel EJ. Euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide: a review of the empirical data from the United States. Arch Intern Med 2002; 162(2): 142-52.
10. Kinsella T D, Verhoef M J. Alberta Euthanasia Survey: 1. Physicians' opinions about the morality and legalization of active euthanasia. CMAJ 1993; 148(11): 1921-6.
11. Materstvedt L, Kaasa S. Euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide in Scandinavia - with a conceptual suggestion regarding international research in relation to the phenomena. Palliat Med 2002; 16: 17-32.
12. Radulovic S, Mojsilovic S. Attitudes of oncologists, family doctors, medical students and lawyers to euthanasia. Support Care Cancer 1998; 6: 410-5.
13. Schioldborg P. Studenters holdninger til aktiv dödshjelp, assistert suicid og foreslått lovendring (Students' attitudes towards active euthanasia, assisted suicide and proposed law-change). Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 2000; 120: 2283-8.
14. Verhoef MJ, Kinsella TD. Alberta Euthanasia Survey: 3-year follow-up. CMAJ 1996; 155(7): 885-90.
15. Cohen J, Marcoux I, Bilsen J, et al. European public acceptance of euthanasia: socio-demographic and cultural factors associated with the acceptance of euthanasia in 33 European countries. Soc Sci Med 2006; 63: 743-56.
16. Breitbart W, Rosenfeld B, Pessin H, et al. Depression, hopelessness, and desire for hastened death in terminally ill patients with cancer. JAMA 2000, 284(22): 2907-11.
17. Emanuel EJ, Fairclough DL, Emanuel LL. Attitudes and desires related with euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide among terminally ill patients and their caregivers. JAMA 2000; 284(19): 2460-8.
18. Tiernan E, Casey P, O'Boyle C, et al. Relations between desire for early death, depressive symptoms and antidepressant prescribing in terminally ill patients with cancer. J R Soc Med 2002; 95(10): 386-90.
19. Wilson K, Scott J, Graham I, et al. Attitudes of terminally ill patients toward euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide. Arch Intern Med 2000; 160: 2454-60.
20. Chochinov HM, Wilson K, Enns M, et al. Depression, hopelessness, and suicidal ideation in the terminally ill. Psychosomatics 1998; 39: 366-70.
21. Chochinov HM, Hack T, Hassard T, et al. Understanding the will to live in patients nearing death. Psychosomatics 2005; 46: 7-10.
22. Johansen S, Holen JC, Kaasa S, Loge JH, Materstvedt LJ. Attitudes towards, and wishes for, euthanasia in advanced cancer patients at a palliative medicine unit. Palliat Med 2005; 19: 454-60.
23. Kelly B, Burnett P, Pelusi D, et al. Terminally ill cancer patients' wish to hasten death. Palliat Med 2002; 16(4): 339-45.
24. Kelly B, Burnett P, Pelusi D, et al. Factors associated with the wish to hasten death: a study of patients with terminal illness. Psychol Med 2003; 33(1): 75-81.
25. Kissane DW, Street A, Nitschke P. Seven deaths in Darwin: case studies under the rights of the terminally ill act, Northern Territory, Australia. Lancet 1998; 352(9134): 1097-102.
26. McClain C, Rosenfeld B, Breitbart W. Effect of spiritual well-being on end-of-life despair in terminally-ill cancer-patients. Lancet 2003; 361: 1603-7.
27. van der Lee ML, van der Bom JG, Swarte NB, et al. Euthanasia and depression: a prospective cohort study among terminally ill cancer patients. J Clin Oncol 2005; 23(27): 6607-12.
28. Wilson K, Curran D, McPherson CJ. A burden to others: a common source of distress for the terminally ill. Cogn Behav Ther 2005; 34(2): 115-123.
29. Kelly B, Burnett P, Pelusi D, et al. Association between clinician factors and a patient's wish to hasten death: terminally ill cancer patients and their doctors. Psychosomatics 2004; 45(4): 311-8.
30. Slotnick HB. How doctors learn: education and learning across the medical-school-to-practice trajectory. Acad Med 2001; 76: 1013-26.
31. Grassi L, Agostini M, Rossin P, Magnani K. Medical students' opinions of euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide in Italy. Arch Intern Med 2000; 160(14): 2226-7.
32. Schioldborg P. Studenters holdninger til aktiv dödshjelp (Students' attitudes towards active euthanasia). Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 1999; 119: 2515-9.
33. Vigeland K. Holdning til aktiv volontaer eutanasi (Attitude towards active voluntary euthanasia). Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 1991; 111: 460-3.
34. Warner TD, Roberts LW, Smithpeter M, et al. Uncertainty and opposition of medical students toward assisted death practices. J Pain Symptom Manage 2001; 22(2): 657-67.
35. Marton F, Dahlgren LO, Svensson L, Säljö R. Inlärning och om världsuppfattning (Learning and conception of the world). Stockholm: AWE/Gebers, 1977.
36. Karlsson M, Milberg A, Strang P. Dying with dignity according to Swedish medical students. Support Care Cancer 2006; 14: 334-9.
37. Graneheim UH, Lundman B. Qualitative content analysis in nursing research: concepts, procedures and measures to achieve trustworthiness. Nurse Educ Today 2004; 24: 105-12.
38. Hickey G, Kipping C. A multi-stage approach to the coding of data from open-ended questions. Nurse Res 1996; 4: 81-91.
39. Hermsen MA, Ten Have H. Euthanasia in palliative care journals. J Pain Symptom Manage 2002; 23: 517-25.
40. Haverkate I, van der Heide A, Onwuteaka-Philipsen BD, van der Maas PD, van der Wal G. The emotional impact on physicians of hastening the death of a patient. MJA 2001; 175: 519-22.
41. Stevens KR. Emotional and psychological effects of physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia on participating physicians. Issues Law Med 2006; 21: 187-200.
42. Muskin PR. The request to die: role for a psychodynamic perspective on physician-assisted suicide. JAMA 1998; 279: 323-8.
43. Mak YY, Elwyn G. Voices of the terminally ill: uncovering the meaning of desire for euthanasia. Palliat Med 2005; 19(4): 343-50.
44. Emanuel EJ, Fairclough DL, Slutsman J, Emanuel LL. Understanding economic and other burdens of terminal illness: the experience of patients and their caregivers. Ann Intern Med 2000; 132: 451-9.
45. Ganzini L, Silveira MJ, Johnston WS. Predictors and correlates of interest in assisted suicide in the final month of life among ALS patients in Oregon and Washington. J Pain Symptom Manage 2002; 24: 312-7.
46. State of Oregon (homepage on the Internet) Seventh annual report on Oregon's Death with Dignity Act. Available from http://egov.oregon.gov/ DHS/ph/pas/docs/year7.pdf
47. Public law: The Belgian Act on Euthanasia 28 May, 2002.
48. Public law: Termination of Life on Request and Assisted Suicide Act of 2002, nr 26691 The Netherlands, 1 April, 2002.
49. Public law: The Oregon death with dignity act, nr 127.800. Oregon laws chapter 423, 1999.
50. Materstvedt L, Clark D, Ellershaw J, et al. Euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide: a view from an EAPC Ethics task force. Palliat Med 2003; 17: 97-101.
51. Onwuteaka-Philipsen BD, van der Heide A, Koper D, et al. Euthanasia and other end-of-life decisions in The Netherlands in 1990, 1995 and 2001, Lancet 2003; 362: 395-9.
52. Carmel S. Medical students' attitudes regarding the use of life-sustaining treatments for themselves and for elderly persons. Soc Sci Med 1998; 46: 467-74.
53. Strang S, Strang P. Spiritual thoughts, coping and sense of coherence in brain tumour patients and their spouses. Palliat Med 2001; 15: 127-34.