Medical students' attitudes regarding the use of life-sustaining treatments for themselves and for elderly persons

Social Science and Medicine

Volumn 46, Issue 4-5, 1998, Pages 467-474

  Carmel, Sara ^a  

^a BEN GURION UNIVERSITY OF THE NEGEV   (Israel)

Author keywords

Doctor patient relations; Elderly; Life sustaining treatments; Medical education; Medical students; Will to live

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; ATTITUDE; DOCTOR PATIENT RELATION; DYING; FEAR; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; ISRAEL; MALE; MEDICAL EDUCATION; MEDICAL STUDENT; NORMAL HUMAN; QUALITY OF LIFE; QUESTIONNAIRE; RELIGION; RESUSCITATION; SELF ESTEEM; SENESCENCE;

DEATH AND EUTHANASIA; EMPIRICAL APPROACH;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; ATTITUDE; FEMALE; HUMANS; ISRAEL; LIFE SUPPORT CARE; MALE; PHYSICIAN-PATIENT RELATIONS; QUALITY OF LIFE; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; STUDENTS, MEDICAL; VOLITION;

EID: 0032007902     PISSN: 02779536     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0277-9536(97)00191-3     Document Type: Article

References (67)

1. Baume, P., O'Malley, E. and Bauman, A. (1995) Professed religious affiliation and the practice of euthanasia. Journal of Medical Ethics 21, 49-54.
2. Bedell, S. E. and Delbanco, T. L. (1984) Choices about cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the hospital: when do physicians talk to patients? New England Journal of Medicine 310, 1089-1093.
3. Beisecker, A. E., Murden, R. A., Moore, W. P., Graham, D. and Nelimig, L. (1996) Attitudes of medical students and primary care physicians regarding input of older and younger patients in medical decisions. Medical Care 34, 126-137.
4. Blanchard, C. G., Labrecque, M. S., Ruckdeschel, J. C. Blanchard, E. B. (1988) Information and decision-making preferences of hospitalized adult cancer patients. Social Science & Medicine 27, 1139-1145.
5. Caddell, D. P. and Newton, R. R. (1995) Education: American attitudes toward the physician's role. Social Science & Medicine 40, 1671-1681.
6. Carmel, S. (1996) Behavior, attitudes and expectations regarding the use of life-sustaining treatments among physicians in Israel: an exploratory study. Social Science & Medicine 43(6), 955-966.
7. Carmel, S. and Glick, S. M. (1996) Compassionate-empathic physicians: personality traits and social-organizational factors that enhance or inhibit this behavior pattern. Social Science & Medicine 43(8), 1253-1261.
8. Carmel, S. and Lazar, A. (in press) Giving Bad News: To What Extent Do Elderly Persons Want to Know, and to Participate in the Process of Medical Decision Making. Harefua.
9. Carmel, S. and Mutran, E. (1997) Preferences for different life-sustaining treatments among elderly persons in Israel. Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences 52B(2), S97-S102.
10. Carmel, S. and Mutran, E. (in press) Wishes regarding the use of life-sustaining treatments among elderly persons in Israel: an explanatory model. Social Science & Medicine.
11. Carmel, S., Galinsky, D. and Cwikel, J. (1990) Knowledge, attitudes and work preferences regarding the elderly among medical students and practicing physicians. Behavior, Health and Aging 1(2), 99-104.
12. Cartwright, A. (1991) Changes in life and care in the year before death 1969-1987. Journal of Public Health Medicine 13, 81-87.
13. Charlton, R., Dovey, S., Mizushima, Y. and Ford, E. (1995) Attitudes to death and dying in the UK, New Zealand, and Japan. Journal of Palliative Care 11(1), 42-47.
14. Cohen-Mansfield, J., Droge, J. A. and Billing, N. (1992) Factors influencing hospital patients' preferences in the utilization of life-sustaining treatments. Gerontologist 32, 89-95.
15. Connors, A. F., Dawson, N. V., Desbeins, N. A., Fulkerson, W. J., Goldman, L., Knaus, W. A., Lynn, J. Oye, K. (1995) A controlled trial to improve care for seriously ill hospitalized patients. Journal of the American Medical Association 274, 1591-1598.
16. Danis, M., Gerrity, M. S., Southerland, L. I. and Patrick, D. L. (1988) A comparison of patient, family, and physician assessments of the value of medical intensive care. Critical Medicine 16, 594-600.
17. Dickinson, G. E. and Pearson, A. A. (1980) Death education and physicians' attitudes toward dying patients. Omega 11, 167-174.
18. Druley, J. A., Ditto, P. H., Moore, K. A., Danks, J. H., Townsend, A. and Smucker, W. D. (1993) Physicians' predictors of elderly outpatients' preferences for life-sustaining treatment. Journal of Family Practice 37, 469-475.
19. Durand, R. P., Arotte, G. E., Sumner, E. D. and Lancaster, C. J. (1990) Family physicians' attitudes toward death and the terminally ill patient. Family Practice Research Journal 9, 123-129.
20. Ebell, M. H., Doukas, D. J. and Smith, M. A. (1991) The Do-Not-Resuscitate order: a comparison of physician and patient preferences and decision-making. American Journal of Medicine 91(3), 255-260.
21. Emanuel, E. J. and Emanuel, L. L. (1992) Four models of physician-patient relationship. Journal of the American Medical Association 267(16), 1124-1129.
22. Freidson, E. (1975) Doctoring Together: A Study of the Sociology of Applied Knowledge. Dodd, Mead and Company, New York.
23. Good, W. J. (1960) Encroachment, charlatanism and the emerging profession: Psychology, sociology and medicine. American Sociological Review 25, 902-914.
24. Gordon, G. H. and Tolle, S. W. (1991) Discussing life-sustaining treatment. A teaching program for residents. Archives of Internal Medicine 151(3), 567-570.
25. Greenfield, S., Kaplan, S. and Ware, J. E. (1985) Expanding patient involvement in care. Annals of Internal Medicine 102, 520-528.
26. Hanson, L., Danis, M. and Sumner, S. (1989) The use of CPR and intensive care for hospitalized elderly patients. Federation Proceedings 37, 786A.
27. Haug, M. R. (1996) Elements in physician/patient interactions in late life. Research On Aging 18(1), 32-51.
28. Haug, M. R. and Lavin, B. (1979) Public challenge of physician authority. Medical Care 17, 844-858.
29. Haug, M. R. and Lavin, B. (1983) Consumerism in Medicine: Challenging Physician Authority. Sage, Beverly Hills.
30. Haug, M. R. and Sussman, M. B. (1969) Professional autonomy and the revolt of the client. Social Problems 17(1), 153-161.
31. Henderson, M. (1990) Beyond the living will. Gerontologist 30, 480-485.
32. Hoge, D. R. (1972) A validated intrinsic religious motivation scale. Journal For the Scientific Study of Religion 11, 369-376.
33. Jorgenson, D. E. and Neubecker, R. C. (1980) Euthanasia: a national survey of attitudes toward voluntary termination of life. Omega 11, 281-291.
34. Kaplan, S. H., Greenfield, S. and Ware, J. E. (1989) Assessing the effects of physician-patient interactions on the outcomes of chronic disease. Medical Care 27(3), 110-127.
35. Katzman, R., Brown, T., Fuld, P., Peck, A., Schechter, R. Schimmel, H. (1983) Validation of a short orientation - Memory concentration test of cognitive impairment. American Journal of Psychiatry 6, 140-146.
36. Kelner, M. (1995) Activists and delegators: elderly patients' preferences about control at the end of life. Social Science & Medicine 41, 537-545.
37. Kelner, M. and Bourgeault, I. L. (1993) Patient control over dying: responses of health care professionals. Social Science & Medicine 36, 757-765.
38. Klenow, D. J. and Youngs, G. A. (1987) Changes in doctor-patient communication of a terminal prognosis: a selective review and critique. Death Studies 11, 263-277.
39. Krause, N. (1993) Measuring religiosity in later life. Research on Aging 15, 170-179.
40. Larsson, U. S., Svardsudd, K., Wedel, H. and Saljo, R. (1989) Patient involvement in decision-making in surgical and orthopaedic practice: the project perioperative risk. Social Science & Medicine 28, 829-835.
41. Lester, D. (1993) The structure of Templer's death anxiety scale among Egyptian students: a comment. Psychological Reports 72, 1378.
42. Lo, B., McLeod, G. A. and Saika, G. (1986) Patient attitudes to discussing life-sustaining treatment. Archives of Internal Medicine 146, 1613-1615.
43. Parsons, T. (1951) The Social System. Free Press, New York.
44. Pellegrino, E. D. (1992) Is truth telling to the patient a cultural artifact? Journal of the American Medical Association 268, 1734-1735.
45. Pfeiffer, E. (1975) A short portable mental status questionnaire for the assessment of organic brain deficit in elderly patients. American Geriatric Society 22, 433-441.
46. Preston, C. E. and Williams, R. H. (1971) Views of the aged on the timing of death. Gerontologist 1, 300-304.
47. Reeder, L. G. (1972) The patient-client as a consumer: some observations on the changing professional client relationship. Journal of Health and Social Behavior 13, 406-412.
48. Rosenberg, M. (1965) Society and Adolescent Self-image. Princeton University Press, Princeton.
49. Ruark, J. E. and Raffin, T. A. (1988) Initiating and withholding life support. New England Journal of Medicine 318(1), 25-30.
50. Scale, C. (1991) Communication and awareness about death: a study of a random sample of dying people. Social Science & Medicine 32, 943-952.
51. Shmerling, R. H., Bedell, S. E., Lilenfeld, A. and Delbanco, T. L. (1988) Discussing cardiopulmonary resuscitation: a study of elderly outpatients. Journal of Internal Medicine 3, 317-321.
52. Siegler, M. (1985) The progression of medicine from physician paternalism to patient autonomy to bureaucratic parsimony. Archives of Internal Medicine 145, 713-715.
53. Smith, D. G. and Pettegrew, L. (1986) Mutual persuasion as a model for doctor-patient communication. Theoretical Medicine 7, 127-146.
54. Sonnenblick, M., Friedlander, Y. and Steinberg, A. (1993) Dissociation between the wishes of terminally ill parents and decisions by their offspring. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 41, 599-604.
55. Statistical Abstracts of Israel (1994) No. 45. Central Bureau of Statistics, Jerusalem.
56. Steinbrook, R., Lo, B., Moulton, J., Saika, G., Hollander, H. and Volberding, P. A. (1986) Preferences of homosexual men with AIDS for life-sustaining treatment. New England Journal of Medicine 314, 457-460.
57. Swanson, J. W. and McCrary, V. (1996) Medical futility decisions and physicians' legal defensiveness: The impact of anticipated conflict on thresholds for end-of-life treatment. Social Science & Medicine 42, 125-132.
58. Szasz, T. S. and Rollender, M. H. (1956) A contribution to the philosophy of medicine: the basic models of Doctor-patient relationship. Archives of Internal Medicine 97(11), 585-592.
59. Templer, D. I. and Dotson, E. (1970) Religious correlates of death anxiety. Psychological Reports 26, 895-897.
60. Teno, J. M.et al. (1994) Do formal advance directives affect resuscitation decisions and the use of resources for seriously ill patients? Journal of Clinical Ethics 5, 23-30.
61. Teno, J. M., Hakim, R. B., Knaus, W. A., Wenger, N. S., Phillips, R. S., Wu, A. W., Layde, P., Connors, A. F., Dawson, N. V. and Lynn, J. (1995) Preferences for cardiopulmonary resuscitation: physician-patient agreement and hospital resource use. Journal of Internal Medicine 10, 186-197.
62. Thomsen, O., Wulff, H. R., Martin, A. and Singer, P. A. (1993) What do gastroenterologists in Europe tell cancer patients? Lancet 341, 473-476.
63. Thorson, J. A. (1992) A revised death anxiety scale. Death Studies 16, 507-521.
64. Thorson, J. A. and Powell, F. C. (1988) Elements of death anxiety and meanings of death. Journal of Clinical Psychology 44(5), 691-701.
65. Uhlmann, R. F., Pearlman, R. A. and Cain, K. C. (1988) Physicians' and spouses' predictions of elderly patients' resuscitation preferences. Medical Sciences 43, M115-M121.
66. Vertinsky, I. B., Thompson, W. A. and Uyeno, D. (1974) Measuring consumer desire for participation in clinical decision-making. Health Services Research 15, 121-134.
67. Wong, P. T. P., Reker, G. T. and Gesser, G. (1993) Death attitude profile-revised: a multidimensional measure of attitudes toward death. In Death Anxiety Handbook: Research, Instrumentation, and Application, ed. R. A. Neimeyer. Taylor & Francies, Washington, DC.