How to use structural equation modeling in medical education research: A brief guide

Teaching and Learning in Medicine

Volumn 19, Issue 4, 2007, Pages 362-371

  Violate, Claudio ^a   Hecker, Kent G ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 35948940413     PISSN: 10401334     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/10401330701542685     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Bollen KA. Structural equations with latent variables. New York: Wiley, 1989.
2. Tremblay PF, Gardner RC. On the growth of structural equation modeling in psychological journals. Structural Equation Modeling 1996;3:93-104.
3. Hershberger SL. The growth of structural equation modeling: 1994-2001. Structural Equation Modeling 2003; 10:35-46.
4. MacCallum RC, Austin JT. Applications of structural equation modeling in psychological research. Annual Review of Psychology 2000;51:201-26.
5. Nachtigall C, Kroehne U, Funke F, Steyer R. (Why) should we use SEM? Pros and cons of structural equation modeling. Methods of Psychological Research 2003:8(2): 1-22.
6. Joreskog KG. The LISREL approach to causal model-building in the social sciences. In KG Joreskog, H Wold (Eds.), Systems under indirect observation causality-structure-prediction (pp. 81-99). New York: North-Holland, 1982.
7. Anderson JG. Structural equation modeling in the social and behavioral sciences: Model building. Child Development 1987;58:49-64.
8. Duncan OD. Introduction to structural equation models. New York: Academic Press, 1975.
9. Li CC. Path analysis: A primer. Pacific Grove, CA: Boxwood, 1975.
10. Stage FK, Carter HC, Nora A. Path analysis: An introduction and analysis of a decade of research. Journal of Educational Research 2004;98:5-12.
11. Kline RB. Latent variable path analysis in clinical research: A beginner's tour guide. Journal of Clinical Psychology 1991;47:471-84.
12. Bentler PM. Linear systems with multiple levels and types of latent variables. In KG Joreskog, H Wold (Eds.), Systems under indirect observation causality-structure-prediction (pp. 101 -3). New York: North-Holland, 1982.
13. Kline RB. Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (2nd ed.). New York: Guilford, 2005.
14. Fabrigar LR, Wegener DT, MacCullum RC, Strahan EJ. Evaluating the use of exploratory factor analysis in psychological research. Psychology Methods 1999;4:272-99.
15. Bollen KA, Long JS (Eds.). Testing structural equation models. Newbury Park, CA: Sage, 1993.
16. Collin VT, Violato C. Predictive validity study of the medical college admission test using multiple regression and latent variable path analysis. In: O'Sullivan P, ed. RIME 44th Annual Conference on Research in Medical Education. Washington, DC, 2005, p. 65.
17. Boomsma A. Reporting analyses of covariance structures. Structural Equation Modeling 2000;7:461-83.
18. Rigdon EE. A necessary and sufficient identification rule for structural models in practice. Multivariate Behavioral Research 1995;30:359-83.
19. Schermelleh-Engel K, Moosbrugger H, Müller H. Evaluating the fit of structural equation models: Tests of significance and descriptive goodness-of-fit measures. Methods of Psychological Research 2003;8:23-74.
20. Byrne BM, Crombie G. Modeling and testing change: An introduction to the latent growth curve model. Understanding Statistics 2003;2:177-203.
21. Bentler PM, Yuan K-H. Structural equation modeling with small samples: Test statistics. Multivariate Behavioral Research 1999;34:181-97.
22. Myung IJ. Tutorial on maximum likelihood estimation. Journal of Math Psychology 2003;47:90-100.
23. Hu L-T, Bentler PM. Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling 1999;6:1.
24. Anderson JG, Gerbing DW. Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach. Psychological Bulletin 1988; 103:411-23.
25. Bentler PM. EQS 6.1 structural equations program manual. Encino, CA: Multivariate Software, Inc., 2004.
26. de Bruin AB, Schmidt HG, Rikers RM. The role of basic science knowledge and clinical knowledge in diagnostic reasoning: a structural equation modeling approach. Academic Medicine 2005;80:765-73.
27. Donnon T, Violato C. Medical students' clinical reasoning skills as a function of basic science achievement and clinical competency measures: A structural equation model. Academic Medicine 2006;81(10, Suppl.):51-4.
28. Ferguson E, James D, O'Hehir F, Sanders A. Pilot study of the roles of personality, references, and personal statements in relation to performance over the five years of a medical degree. British Medical Journal 2003;326:429-32.
29. Williams GC, Saizow R, Ross L, Deci EL. Motivation underlying career choice for internal medicine and surgery. Social Science Medicine 1997;45:1705-13.
30. Williams GC, Wiener MW, Markakis KM, Reeve J, Deci EL. Medical students' motivation for internal medicine. Journal of General Intern Medicine 1994;9:327-33.
31. Schmidt HG, Moust JH. What makes a tutor effective? A structural-equations modeling approach to learning in problembased curricula. Academic Medicine 1995:70:708-14.
32. Berkel HJM, Schmidt HG. Motivation to commit oneself as a determinant of achievement in problem-based learning. Higher Education 2000;40:231 -42.
33. Hoban JD, Lawson SR, Mazmanian PE, Best AM, Seibel HR. The Self-Directed Learning Readiness Scale: A factor analysis study. Medical Education 2005;39:370-9.
34. Humphris GM. Communication skills knowledge, understanding and OSCE performance in medical trainees: A multivariate prospective study using structural equation modeling. Medical Education 2002:36:842-52.
35. Krasne S, Wimmers PF, Relan A, Drake TA. Differential effects of two types of formative assessment in predicting performance of first-year medical students. Advances in Health Sciences Education: Theory and Practice 2006; 11:155-71.
36. Wimmers PF, Schmidt HG, Splinter TAW. Influence of clerkship experiences on clinical competence. Medical Education 2006;40:450-58.
37. Schmidt HG, Boshuizen HP. On acquiring expertise in medicine. Education and Psychology Review 1993;5:205-21.