Field based analysis of sediment entrainment in two high gradient streams located in Alpine and Andine environments

Geomorphology

Volumn 93, Issue 3-4, 2008, Pages 368-383

  Mao, Luca ^a   Uyttendaele, Geertrui Paula ^b   Iroumé, Andrés ^b   Lenzi, Mario Aristide ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PADOVA   (Italy)

^b UNIVERSIDAD AUSTRAL DE CHILE   (Chile)

Author keywords

Bedload transport; Critical shear stress; Step pools; Unit stream power

Indexed keywords

ALPINE ENVIRONMENT; BEDFORM; BEDLOAD; CRITICAL ANALYSIS; ENTRAINMENT; FIELD SURVEY; GRAIN SIZE; RIVER DISCHARGE; SEDIMENT TRANSPORT; SHEAR STRESS; THRESHOLD;

EID: 35848931248     PISSN: 0169555X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2007.03.008     Document Type: Article

References (68)

1. Aguirre-Pe J., and Fuentes R. Movement of big particles in steep, macro-rough streams. Proc. 24th Congress IAHR, Madrid, Spain (1991) 149-158
2. Andreoli, A., Comiti, F., Lenzi, M.A., in press. Geomorphic role of large woody debris in a mountain catchment of the Chilean Andes. Geomorphology.
3. Andrews E.D. Entrainment of gravel from naturally sorted riverbed material. Geol. Soc. Amer. Bull. 94 (1983) 1225-1231
4. Ashida K., and Bayazit M. Initiation of motion and roughness of flows in steep channels. Proc. 15th Congress IAHR, Delft, Netherlands (1973) 475-484
5. Ashworth P.J., and Ferguson R.I. Size-selective entrainment of bedload in gravel-bed streams. Water Resour. Res. 25 (1989) 627-634
6. Bagnold R.A. Bedload transport by natural rivers. Water Resour. Res. 13 (1977) 303-312
7. Bagnold R.A. An empirical correlation of bedload transport rates in flumes and natural rivers. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A 372 (1980) 453-473
8. Batalla R.J., and Martin-Vide J.P. Thresholds of particle entrainment in a poorly sorted sandy gravel-bed river. Catena 44 (2001) 223-243
9. Bathurst J.C. Flow resistance estimation in mountain rivers. J. Hydraul. Eng. 111 (1985) 625-643
10. Bathurst J.C., Graf W.H., and Cao H.H. Initiation of sediment transport in steep channels with coarse bed material. In: Sumer B.M., and Muller A. (Eds). Mechanics of Sediment Transport (1983), Balkema, Brookfield, VT 207-213
11. Bathurst J.C., Graf W.H., and Cao H.H. Bed load discharge equations for steep mountain rivers. In: Thorne C.R., Bathurst J.C., and Hey R.D. (Eds). Sediment Transport in Gravel-bed Rivers (1987), Wiley, Chichester, UK 453-491
12. Bettess R. Initiation of sediment transport in gravel streams. Proc. Institution of the Civil Engineers, Part 2 77 (1984) 79-88
13. Buffington J.M., and Montgomery D.R. A systematic analysis of eight decades of incipient motion studies, with special reference to gravel-bedded rivers. Water Resour. Res. 33 (1997) 1993-2029
14. Canovaro F., Paris E., and Solari L. Influence of macro-roughness arrangements on flow resistance. In: Greco M., Carravetta A., and Della Morte R. (Eds). River Flow 2004 Conference Proceedings (2004), Taylor and Francis, London 287-293
15. Carling P.A. Threshold of coarse sediment transport in broad and narrow natural streams. Earth Surf. Processes Landf. 8 (1983) 135-138
16. Chin A., and Wohl E.E. Toward a theory for step pools in stream channels. Prog. Phys. Geogr. 29 3 (2005) 275-296
17. Church M., and Hassan M.A. Mobility of bed material in Harris Creek. Water Resour. Res. 38 11 (2002) 10.1029/2001WR000753
18. Church M., McLean D.C., and Walcott J.F. River bed gravels: sampling and analysis. In: Thorne C.H., Bathurst J.C., and Hey R.D. (Eds). Sediment Transport in Gravel-Bed Rivers (1987), Wiley, Chichester 43-88
19. Costa J.E. Paleohydraulic reconstruction of flash-flood peaks from boulder deposits in the Colorado Front Range. Geol. Soc. Amer. Bull. 94 (1983) 986-1004
20. Curran J.H., and Wohl E.E. Large woody debris and flow resistance in step-pool channels, Cascade Range, Washington. Geomorphology 51 (2003) 141-157
21. Dalla Fontana G., and Marchi L. Slope-area relationship and sediment dynamics in two alpine streams. Hydrobiol. Processes 17 (2003) 73-87
22. Egiazaroff I.V. Calculation of nonuniform sediment concentrations. J. Hydraul. Div. ASCE 91 (1965) 225-247
23. Emmett W.W. A field calibration of the sediment-trapping characteristics of the Helley-Smith bedload sampler. Prof. Pap. vol. 1139 (1980), U.S. Geological Survey, Washington, D.C.
24. Emparan C., Suárez M., and Muñoz J. Curacautín, Carta Geológica de Chile (1992), SERNAGEOMIN, Chile
25. Ferguson R.I. Critical discharge for entrainment of poorly sorted gravel. Earth Surf. Processes Landf. 19 (1994) 179-186
26. Ferguson R.I. Estimating critical stream power for bedload transport calculations in gravel-bed rivers. Geomorphology 70 (2005) 33-41
27. Ferro V. Flow resistance in gravel-bed channels with large-scale roughness. Earth Surf. Processes Landf. 28 (2003) 1325-1339
28. Fonstad M.A. Spatial variation in the power of mountain streams in the Sangre de Cristo Mountains, New Mexico. Geomorphology 55 (2003) 75-96
29. Gintz D., Hassan M.A., and Schmidt K.H. Frequency and magnitude of bedload transport in a mountain river. Earth Surf. Processes Landf. 21 (1996) 433-455
30. Gomez B., Naff R.L., and Hubbell D.W. Temporal variations in bedload transport rates associated with the migration of bedforms. Earth Surf. Processes Landf. 14 (1989) 135-156
31. Hammond F.D.C., Heathershaw A.D., and Langhorne D.N. A comparison between Shields' threshold criterion and the movement of loosely packed gravel in a tidal channel. Sedimentology 31 (1984) 51-62
32. Hassan M.A., and Church M. Experiments on surface structure and partial sediment transport on a gravel bed. Water Resour. Res. 36 (2000) 1885-1895
33. Hassan M.A., Church M., and Ashworth P.J. Virtual rate and mean distance of travel of individual clasts in gravel bed channels. Earth Surf. Processes Landf. 17 (1992) 617-627
34. Iroumé A. Estudio de los procesos hidrológicos en una cuenca experimental andina de la IX Región, Chile. Bosque 18 1 (1997) 73-81
35. Iroumé A. Transporte de sedimentos en una cuenca de montaña en la Cordillera de los Andes de la Novena Región de Chile. Bosque 24 1 (2003) 125-136
36. Jacob, N., 2003. Les vallées en gorges de la Cévenne vivaraise, Montagne de sable et château d'eau. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Paris IV Sorbonne, France.
37. Kirchner J.W., Dietrich W.E., Iseya F., and Ikeda H. The variability of critical shear stress, friction angle, and grain protrusion in water worked sediments. Sedimentology 37 4 (1990) 647-672
38. Knighton A.D. Downstream variation in stream power. Geomorphology 29 (1999) 293-306
39. Komar P.D. Selective gravel entrainment and the empirical evaluation of flow competence. Sedimentology 34 (1987) 1165-1176
40. Kondolf G.M., and Wilcock P. The flushing flow problem. Eos Trans. AGU 73 (1992) 239
41. Lenzi M.A. Displacement and transport of marked pebbles, cobbles and boulders during floods in a steep mountain stream. Hydrobiol. Processes 18 10 (2004) 1899-1914
42. Lenzi M.A., Iroumé A., Mao L., and Palacios H. Analysis of sediment transport in experimental Alpine and Andean catchments. Proc. 10th Int. Symposium Interpraevent, Riva del Garda, TN vol. II (2004) 77-88 24-28 May
43. Lenzi M.A., Mao L., and Comiti F. Magnitude-frequency analysis of bed load data in an Alpine boulder bed stream. Water Resour. Res. 40 (2004) W07201 10.1029/2003WR002961
44. Lenzi M.A., Mao L., and Comiti F. When does bedload transport begin in steep boulder-bed streams?. Hydrobiol. Processes 20 (2006) 3517-3533
45. MacFarlane W.A., and Wohl E. Influence of step composition on step geometry and flow resistance in step-pool streams of the Washington Cascades. Water Resour. Res. 39 2 (2003) 10.1029/2001WR001238
46. Mao, L., 2004. Analisi comparativa del trasporto solido di corsi torrentizi in diversi ambiti geografici. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Padova, Italy.
47. Mao, L., Lenzi, M.A., in press. Sediment mobility and bedload transport conditions in an alpine stream. Hydrol. Process.
48. Mao L., Comiti F., and Lenzi M.A. La resistenza al flusso in un torrente montano ad elevata pendenza con morfologia a step-pool. Rivista di Ingegneria Agraria 3 (2006) 29-38
49. Marion D.A., and Weirich F. Equal-mobility bed load transport in a small, step-pool channel in the Ouachita Mountains. Geomorphology 55 (2003) 139-154
50. Maxwell A.R., and Papanicolaou A.N. Step-pool morphology in high-gradient streams. Int. J. Sediment Res. 16 3 (2001) 380-390
51. Millar R. Grain and form resistance in gravel-bed rivers. J. Hydraul. Res. 37 3 (1999) 303-312
52. Mizuyama, T., 1977. Bedload transport in steep channels. Ph.D. Thesis, Kyoto University, Japan.
53. Montgomery D.R., Buffington J.M., Peterson N.P., Schuett-Hames D., and Quinn T.P. Streambed scour, egg burial depths and the influence of salmonid spawning on bed surface mobility and embryo survival. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 53 (1996) 1061-1070
54. Parker G., Klingeman P.C., and McLean D.G. Bedload and size distribution in paved gravel-bed streams. J. Hydraul. Div. ASCE 108 4 (1982) 544-571
55. Petit F. The evaluation of grain shear stress from experiments in a pebble-bedded flume. Earth Surf. Processes Landf. 14 (1989) 499-508
56. Petit F. Evaluation of grain shear stresses required to initiate movement of particles in natural rivers. Earth Surf. Processes Landf. 15 (1990) 135-148
57. Petit F., Gob F., Houbrechts G., and Assani A.A. Critical specific stream power in gravel-bed rivers. Geomorphology 69 1-4 (2005) 92-101
58. Schoklitsch A. Handbuch des Wasserbaues (1962), Springer-Verlag, Wien, Austria
59. Shields A. Anwendung der Aehnlichkeitsmechanik und der Turbulenzforschung auf die Geschiebebewegung. Mitt. Preuss. der Versuchsanstalt für Wasserbau und Schiffbau. Berlin 26 (1936) 26
60. Shvidchenko A.B., and Pender G. Flume study of the effect of relative depth on the incipient motion of coarse uniform sediments. Water Resour. Res. 36 2 (2000) 619-628
61. Sterling S.M., and Church M. Sediment trapping characteristics of a pit trap and the Helley-Smith sampler in a cobble gravel bed river. Water Resour. Res. 38 8 (2002) 1144 10.1029/2000WR000052
62. Suszka L. Modification of transport rate formula for steep channels. In: Armanini A., and DiSilvio G. (Eds). Fluvial Hydraulics of Mountain Regions. Lecture Notes in Earth Sciences (1991), Springer-Verlag, Berlin 59-70
63. Uyttendaele, G.P., 2006. Procesos de transporte de sedimentos en áreas de montaña, comparación entre la cuenca del Río Cordón (Alpes, Italia) y el Estero los Tres Arroyos (Andes, Chile). Ph.D. Thesis, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia.
64. Vericat D., Church M., and Batalla R.J. Bed load bias: comparison of measurements obtained using two (76 and 152 mm) Helley-Smith samplers in a gravel bed river. Water Resour. Res. 42 (2006) W01402 10.1029/2005WR004025
65. Wathen S.J., Ferguson R.I., Hoey T.B., and Werritty A. Unequal mobility of gravel and sand in weakly bimodal river sediments. Water Resour. Res. 31 (1995) 2087-2096
66. Wilcock P.R. Entrainment, displacement and transport of tracer gravels. Earth Surf. Processes Landf. 22 12 (1997) 1125-1138
67. Wilcox A.C., and Wohl E.E. Flow resistance dynamics in step-pool stream channels: 1. Large woody debris and controls on total resistance. Water Resour. Res. 42 (2006) W05418 10.1029/2005WR004277
68. Williams G.P. Paleohydrological methods and some examples from Swedish fluvial environments. Geogr. Ann. 65A (1983) 227-243