Arecibo radar observations of Rhea, Dione, Tethys, and Enceladus

Icarus

Volumn 191, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 702-711

  Black, G J ^a   Campbell, D B ^b   Carter, L M ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA   (United States)

^b Department of Obstetrics Gynecology   (United States)

^c DEPARTMENT OF PALEOBIOLOGY   (United States)

Author keywords

Enceladus; Radar observations; satellites; Saturn

Indexed keywords

EID: 35448994263     PISSN: 00191035     EISSN: 10902643     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.icarus.2007.06.009     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Atreya S.K., Donahue T.M., and Kuhn W.R. Evolution of a nitrogen atmosphere on Titan. Science 201 (1978) 611-613
2. Baron J.E., Tyler G.L., and Simpson R.A. Three-dimensional numerical modeling of refraction and reflection scattering from icy Galilean satellites. Icarus 164 (2003) 404-417
3. Benner L.A.M., and 12 colleagues. Radar detection of near-Earth Asteroids 2062 Aten, 2101 Adonis, 3103 Eger, 4544 Xanthus, and 1992 QN. Icarus 130 (1997) 296-312
4. Black G., and Campbell D. Rhea's surface: Ice properties measured by radar. Bull. Am. Astron. Soc. 36 (2004) Abstract 1123
5. Black G.J., Campbell D.B., and Nicholson P.D. Icy Galilean satellites: Modeling radar reflectivities as a coherent backscatter effect. Icarus 151 (2001) 167-180
6. Black G.J., Campbell D.B., and Ostro S.J. Icy Galilean satellites: 70 cm radar results from Arecibo. Icarus 151 (2001) 160-166
7. Black G.J., Campbell D.B., Carter L.M., and Ostro S.J. Radar detection of Iapetus. Science 304 (2004) 553
8. Brown R.H., and 24 colleagues. Composition and physical properties of Enceladus' surface. Science 311 (2006) 1425-1428
9. Buratti B., and Veverka J. Voyager photometry of Rhea, Dione, Tethys, Enceladus and Mimas. Icarus 58 (1984) 254-264
10. Buratti B.J., Mosher J.A., and Johnson T.V. Albedo and color maps of the saturnian satellites. Icarus 87 (1990) 339-357
11. Campbell D.B., Chandler J.F., Ostro S.J., Pettengill G.H., and Shapiro I.I. Galilean satellites-1976 radar results. Icarus 34 (1978) 254-267
12. Campbell D.B., Black G.J., Carter L.M., and Ostro S.J. Radar evidence for liquid surfaces on Titan. Science 302 (2003) 431-434
13. Clark, R.N., Fanale, F.P., Gaffey, M.J., 1986. Surface composition of natural satellites. In: IAU Colloq. 77: Some Background about Satellites, pp. 437-491
14. Clark R.N., Steele A., Brown R.H., and Owensby P.D. Saturn's satellites-Near-infrared spectrophotometry (0.65-2.5 microns) of the leading and trailing sides and compositional implications. Icarus 58 (1984) 265-281
15. de Pater I., and Dickel J.R. Multi-frequency radio observations of Saturn at ring inclination angles between 5 and 26 degrees. Icarus 94 (1991) 474-492
16. Domingue D., and Verbiscer A. Re-analysis of the solar phase curves of the icy Galilean satellites. Icarus 128 (1997) 49-74
17. Dourneau G., and Baratchart S. Masses and densities of the four inner major Saturn's satellites. Astron. Astrophys. 350 (1999) 680-684
18. Emery J.P., Burr D.M., Cruikshank D.P., Brown R.H., and Dalton J.B. Near-infrared (0.8-4.0 μm) spectroscopy of Mimas, Enceladus, Tethys, and Rhea. Astron. Astrophys. 435 (2005) 353-362
19. Eshleman V.R. Radar glory from buried craters on icy moons. Science 234 (1986) 587-590
20. Evans J.V., and Hagfors T. Study of echoes from the Moon at 23 centimeters wavelength. J. Geophys. Res. 71 (1966) 4871-4889
21. Goldstein R.M., and Green R.R. Ganymede: Radar surface characteristics. Science 207 (1980) 179-180
22. Gurrola, E.M., 1985. Interpretation of radar data from the icy Galilean satellites and Triton. Thesis, Stanford University
23. Hagfors T., Dahlstrom I., Gold T., Hamran S.-E., and Hansen R. Refraction scattering in the anomalous reflections from icy surfaces. Icarus 130 (1997) 313-322
24. Haldemann A.F.C., and Muhleman D.O. Circular-polarization radar properties of high-altitude ice: Western Kunlun Shan and central Andes. J. Geophys. Res. 104 (1999) 24075-24094
25. Hapke B. Coherent backscatter and the radar characteristics of outer planet satellites. Icarus 88 (1990) 407-417
26. Heiles, C., Perillat, P., Nolan, M., Lorimer, D., Bhat, R., Ghosh, T., Howell, E., Lewis, M., O'Neil, K., Salter, C., Stanimirovic, S., 2000. Main beam and first sidelobe parameters for Arecibo's receiver systems. Technical Report ATOMS 2000-4. NAIC, Arecibo, PR
27. Jezek K.C., Gogineni P., and Shanableh M. Radar measurements of melt zones on the Greenland Ice Sheet. Geophys. Res. Lett. 21 (1994) 33-36
28. Lewis J.S. Low temperature condensation from the solar nebula. Icarus 16 (1972) 241-252
29. Lorenz R.D., and Shandera S.E. Physical properties of ammonia-rich ice: Application to Titan. Geophys. Res. Lett. 28 2 (2001) 215-218
30. Magri C., Ostro S.J., Rosema K.D., Thomas M.L., Mitchell D.L., Campbell D.B., Chandler J.F., Shapiro I.I., Giorgini J.D., and Yeomans D.K. Main belt asteroids: Results of Arecibo and Goldstone radar observations of 37 objects during 1980-1995. Icarus 140 (1999) 379-407
31. Mosqueira I., and Estrada P.R. Formation of the regular satellites of giant planets in an extended gaseous nebula. I. Subnebula model and accretion of satellites. Icarus 163 (2003) 198-231
32. Nicholson P.D., French R.G., Campbell D.B., Margot J.-L., Nolan M.C., Black G.J., and Salo H.J. Radar imaging of Saturn's rings. Icarus 177 (2005) 32-62
33. Ostro S.J. Planetary radar astronomy. Rev. Mod. Phys. 65 (1993) 1235-1280
34. Ostro S.J., Campbell D.B., Simpson R.A., Hudson R.S., Chandler J.F., Rosema K.D., Shapiro I.I., Standish E.M., Winkler R., and Yeomans D.K. Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto-New radar results from Arecibo and Goldstone. J. Geophys. Res. 97 (1992) 18227-18244
35. Ostro S.J., and 19 colleagues. Cassini Radar observations of Enceladus, Tethys, Dione, Rhea, Iapetus, Hyperion, and Phoebe. Icarus 183 (2006) 479-490
36. Owen T.C. On the origin of Titan's atmosphere. Planet. Space Sci. 48 (2000) 747-752
37. Peters K. The coherent backscatter effect: A vector formulation accounting for polarization and absorption effects and small or large scatterers. Phys. Rev. B 46 (1992) 801-812
38. Plescia J.B., and Boyce J.M. Impact cratering history of the saturnian satellites. J. Geophys. Res. 90 (1985) 2029-2037
39. Porco C.C., and 24 colleagues. Cassini observes the active south pole of Enceladus. Science 311 (2006) 1393-1401
40. Rignot E.J., Ostro S.J., van Zyl J.J., and Jezek K.C. Unusual radar echoes from the Greenland ice sheet. Science 261 (1993) 1710-1713
41. Squyres S.W., Reynolds R.T., and Cassen P.M. The evolution of Enceladus. Icarus 53 (1983) 319-331
42. Thomas P.C., Veverka J., Helfenstein P., Porco C., Burns J., Denk T., Turtle E., Jacobson R.A., and the ISS Science Team. Shapes of the saturnian icy satellites. Lunar Planet. Sci. XXXVII (2006) 1639-1640 Abstract
43. Thompson W.R., and Squyres S.W. Titan and other icy satellites: Dielectric properties of constituent materials and implications for radar sounding. Icarus 86 (1990) 336-354
44. Verbiscer A., French R., Showalter M., and Helfenstein P. Enceladus: Cosmic graffiti artist caught in the act. Science 315 (2007) 815
45. Wagner R., Roatsch T., Giese B., Wolf U., and Neukum G. Geologic mapping of the saturnian satellites based on Cassini ISS images: Objectives, methods, and results. European Planetary Science Congress (2006) 594
46. Waite J.H., and 13 colleagues. Cassini Ion and Neutral Mass Spectrometer: Enceladus plume composition and structure. Science 311 (2006) 1419-1422
47. Zahnle K., Schenk P., Levison H., and Dones L. Cratering rates in the outer Solar System. Icarus 163 (2003) 263-289