Upper ocean heat content and atmospheric anomaly fields in the off-equatorial North Pacific related to ENSO

Journal of Oceanography

Volumn 63, Issue 4, 2007, Pages 561-572

  Hasegawa, Takuya ^a,c   Hanawa, Kimio ^b  

^a METEOROLOGICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Japan)

^b TOHOKU UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

^c JAPAN AGENCY FOR MARINE EARTH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   (Japan)

Author keywords

ENSO; Upper ocean heat content; Western tropical Pacific

Indexed keywords

AIR-SEA INTERACTION; ANNUAL VARIATION; EL NINO-SOUTHERN OSCILLATION; LATENT HEAT FLUX; SEA LEVEL PRESSURE; SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE; TEMPERATURE ANOMALY; UPPER OCEAN; WIND STRESS;

PACIFIC OCEAN; PACIFIC OCEAN (TROPICAL);

EID: 35348999226     PISSN: 09168370     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10872-007-0050-5     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Battisti, D. S. and A. C. Hirst (1989): Interannual variability in a tropical atmosphere-ocean model: Influence of the basic state, ocean geometry and nonlinearity. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 1687-1712.
2. Bjerknes, J. (1966): A possible response of the atmospheric Hadley circulation to equatorial anomalies of ocean temperature. Tellus, 18, 820-829.
3. Boulanger, J.-P. and L.-L. Fu (1996): Evidence of boundary reflection of Kelvin and first-mode Rossby waves from TOPEX/POSEIDON sea level data. J. Geophys. Res., 101, 16361-16371.
4. Cai, W., G. Meyers and G. Shi (2005): Transmission of ENSO signal to the Indian Ocean. Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L05616, doi:10.1029/2004GL021736.
5. Chao, Y. and S. G. H. Philander (1993): On the structure of Southern Oscillation. J. Climate, 6, 450-469.
6. Graham, N. E. and W. B. White (1988): The El Niño cycle: A natural oscillator of the Pacific of the Pacific ocean-atmosphere system. Science, 240, 1293-1302.
7. Hasegawa, T. and K. Hanawa (2003a): Heat content variability related to ENSO events in the Pacific. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 33, 407-421.
8. Hasegawa, T. and K. Hanawa (2003b): Decadal-scale variability of upper ocean heat content in the tropical Pacific. Geophys. Res. Lett., 30, 1272, doi:10.1029/2002GL016843.
9. Hasegawa, T. and K. Hanawa (2006): Impact of quasi-decadal variability in the tropical Pacific on ENSO modulations. J. Oceanogr., 62, 227-234.
10. Hasegawa, T., T. Horii and K. Hanawa (2006): Two different features of discharge of equatorial upper ocean heat content related to El Niño events. Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L02609, doi:10.1029/ 2005GL024832.
11. Jin, F.-F. (1996): Tropical ocean-atmosphere interaction, the Pacific cold tongue, and the El Niño-Southern Oscillation. Science, 274, 76-78.
12. Jin, F.-F. (1997a): An equatorial ocean recharge paradigm for ENSO. Part I: Conceptual model. J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 811-829.
13. Jin, F.-F. (1997b): An equatorial ocean recharge paradigm for ENSO. Part II: A stripped-down coupled model. J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 830-847.
14. Kessler, W. S. (1990): Observations of long Rossby waves in the northern tropical Pacific. J. Geophys. Res., 95, 5183-5217.
15. Kessler, W. S. and M. J. McPhaden (1995): Oceanic equatorial waves and the 1991-1993 El Niño. J. Climate, 8, 1757-1776.
16. Knutson, T. R. and S. Manabe (1998): Model assessment of decadal variability and trends in the tropical Pacific Ocean. J. Climate, 9, 2407-2423.
17. Ladd, C. and L. A. Thompson (2000): Formation mechanisms for North Pacific central and eastern subtropical mode waters. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 30, 868-887.
18. Mayer, D. A. and R. H. Weisberg (1998): El Niño-Southern Oscillation-related ocean-atmosphere coupling in the western equatorial Pacific. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 18635-18648.
19. Meinen, C. S. and M. J. McPhaden (2000): Observations of warm water volume changes in the equatorial Pacific and their relationship to El Niño and La Niña. J. Climate, 13, 3551-3559.
20. Meinen, C. S. and M. J. McPhaden (2001): Interannual variability in warm water volume transports in the equatorial Pacific during 1993-1999. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 31, 1324-1345.
21. Nitta, T. and S. Yamada (1989): Recent warming of tropical sea surface temperature and its relationship to the Northern Hemisphere circulation. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 67, 375-383.
22. Picaut, J., F. Masia and Y. du Penhoat (1997): An advective-reflective conceptual model for the oscillatory nature of the ENSO. Science, 277, 663-666.
23. Rasmusson, E. M. and T. H. Carpenter (1982): Variations in tropical sea surface temperature and surface wind fields associated with the Southern Oscillation/El Niño. Mon. Wea. Rev., 110, 354-384.
24. Sato, K., T. Suga and K. Hanawa (2004): Barrier layer in the North Pacific subtropical gyre. Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L05301, doi:10.1029/ 2003GL018590.
25. Schopf, P. S. and M. J. Suarez (1988): Vacillations in a coupled ocean-atmospheric model. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 549-566.
26. Smith, T. M., R. W. Reynolds, R. E. Livezey and D. C. Stokes (1996): Reconstruction of historical sea surface temperature using empirical orthogonal functions. J. Climate, 9, 1403-1420.
27. Solomon, A., J. P. McCreary, R. Kleeman and B. A. Klinger (2003): Interannual and decadal variability in an intermediate coupled model of the Pacific region. J. Climate, 16, 383-405.
28. Suarez, M. J. and P. S. Schopf (1988): A delayed action oscillator for ENSO. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 3283-3287.
29. Torrence, C. and G. P. Compo (1998): A practical guide to wavelet analysis. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 79, 61-78.
30. Trenberth, K. E. (1990): Recent observed interdecadal climate changes in the Northern Hemisphere. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 71, 988-993.
31. Wang, B. and Q. Zhang (2002): Pacific-East Asian teleconnection. Part II: How the Philippine Sea anomalous anticyclone is established El Niño development. J. Climate, 15, 3252-3265.
32. Wang, B., W. Renguang and R. Lukas (1999): Roles of the western North Pacific wind variation in thermocline adjustment and ENSO phase transition. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 77, 1-16.
33. Wang, B., R. Wu and X. Fu (2000): Pacific-East Asian teleconnection: How does ENSO affect Asian Climate? J. Climate, 13, 1517-1536.
34. Wang, C. (2001): A unified oscillator model for the El Niño-Southern Oscillation. J. Climate, 14, 98-115.
35. Wang, C., R. H. Weisberg and J. I. Virmani (1999): Western Pacific interannual variability associated with the El Niño-Southern Oscillation. J. Geophys. Res., 104, 5131-5149.
36. Weisberg, R. H. and C. Wang (1997a): Slow variability in the equatorial west-central Pacific in relation to ENSO. J. Climate, 10, 1998-2017.
37. Weisberg, R. H. and C. Wang (1997b): A western Pacific oscillator paradigm for the El Niño-Southern Oscillation. Geophys. Res. Lett., 24, 779-782.
38. White, W. B. (1995): Design of a global observing system for gyre-scale upper ocean temperature variability. Prog. Oceanogr., 36, 169-217.
39. White, W. B. and D. R. Cayan (2000): A global El Niño-Southern Oscillation wave in surface temperature and pressure and its interdecadal modulation from 1900 to 1997. J. Geophys. Res., 105, 11223-11242.
40. White, W. B., Y. M. Tourre, M. Barlow and M. Dettinger (2003): A delayed action oscillator shared by biennial, interannual, and decadal signals in the Pacific Basin. J. Geophys. Res., 108, 3070, doi:10: 10.1029/ 2002JC001490.
41. Wyrtki, K. (1975): El Niño - The dynamic response of the equatorial Pacific Ocean to atmospheric forcing. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 5, 572-584.
42. Wyrtki, K. (1985): Water displacements in the Pacific and the genesis of El Niño cycles. J. Geophys. Res., 90, 7129-7132.
43. Zebiak, S. E. and M. A. Cane (1987): A model El Niño-Southern Oscillation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 2262-2278.
44. Zhang, R. H. and S. Levitus (1996): Structure and evolution of interannual variability of the tropical Pacific upper ocean temperature. J. Geophys. Res., 101, 20501-20524.
45. Zhang, R. H. and S. Levitus (1997): Interannual variability of the coupled tropical Pacific ocean-atmosphere system associated with the El Niño-Southern Oscillation. J. Climate, 10, 1312-1330.