Efficacy and safety of chitosan HEP-40™ in the management of hypercholesterolemia: A randomized, multicenter, placebo-controlled trial

Alternative Medicine Review

Volumn 12, Issue 3, 2007, Pages 265-273

  Jaffer, Shahin ^d   Sampalis, John S ^a,b,c  

^a MCGILL UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^b INSTITUTE FOR RESEARCH IN IMMUNOLOGY AND CANCER   (Canada)

^c Delta Hospital ^*  (Canada)

^d Delta Hospital   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTILIPEMIC AGENT; CHITOSAN; HEP 40; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; PLACEBO; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONSTIPATION; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIARRHEA; DOSE RESPONSE; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; DRUG DOSE COMPARISON; DRUG DOSE REGIMEN; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG TOLERABILITY; FEMALE; HUMAN; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MULTICENTER STUDY; NAUSEA; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; RISK FACTOR; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ANTICHOLESTEREMIC AGENTS; CHITOSAN; CHOLESTEROL, LDL; DOUBLE-BLIND METHOD; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; MALE; MIDDLE AGED;

EID: 35348959432     PISSN: 10895159     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. Thom T, Haase N, Rosamond W, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics - 2006 update: a report from the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Circulation 2006;113:E85-E151.
2. Castelli WP, Garrison RJ, Wilson PW, et al. Incidence of coronary heart disease and lipoprotein cholesterol levels. The Framingham Study. JAMA 1986;256:2835-2838.
3. Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada. The Growing Burden of Heart Disease and Stroke in Canada 2003. http://ww2.heartandstroke.ca/Page.asp? Page ID=1613&ContentID=10564&ContentTypeID=1 [Accessed August 21, 2007]
4. LaRosa JC, Grundy SM, Waters DD, et al. Intensive lipid lowering with atorvastatin in patients with stable coronary disease. N Engl J Med 2005;352:1425-1435.
5. ALLHAT Officers and Coordinators for the ALLHAT Collaborative Research Group. The Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial. Major outcomes in moderately hypercholesterolemic, hypertensive patients randomized to pravastatin vs usual care: The Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT-LLT). JAMA 2002;288:2998-3007.
6. No authors listed. Prevention of cardiovascular events and death with pravastatin in patients with coronary heart disease and a broad range of initial cholesterol levels. The Long-Term Intervention with Pravastatin in Ischaemic Disease (LIPID) Study Group. N Engl J Med 1998;339:1349-1357.
7. Rosenson RS. Low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and cardiovascular disease: risk reduction with statin therapy. Am Heart J 2006;451:556-563.
8. Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults. Executive summary of the third report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). JAMA 2001;285:2486-2497.
9. McPherson R, Frohlich J, Fodor G, et al. Canadian Cardiovascular Society position statement -recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of dyslipidemia and prevention of cardiovascular disease. Can J Cardiol 2006;22:913-927.
10. Bourgault C, Davignon J, Fodor G, et al. Statin therapy in Canadian patients with hypercholesterolemia: the Canadian Lipid Study - Observational (CALIPSO). Can J Cardiol 2005;21:1187-1193.
11. Foley KA, Simpson RJ Jr, Crouse JR 3rd, et al. Effectiveness of statin titration on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol goal attainment in patients at high risk of atherogenic events. Am J Cardiol 2003;92:79-81.
12. Pearson TA, Laurora I, Chu H, Kafonek S. The lipid treatment assessment project (L-TAP): a multicenter survey to evaluate the percentages of dyslipidemic patients receiving lipid-lowering therapy and achieving low-density lipoprotein cholesterol goals. Arch Intern Med 2000;160:459-467.
13. Waters DD. Safety of high-dose atorvastatin therapy. Am J Cardiol 2005;96:69F-75F.
14. Sumiyoshi M, Kimura Y. Low molecular weight chitosan inhibits obesity induced by feeding a high-fat diet long-term in mice. J Pharm Pharmacol 2006;58:201-207.
15. Maezaki Y, Tsuji K, Nakagawa Y, et al. Hypocholesterolemic effect of chitosan in adult males. Biosci Biotech Biochem 1993;57:1439-1444.
16. Bokura H, Kobayashi S. Chitosan decreases total cholesterol in women: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Eur J Clin Nutr 2003;57:721-725.
17. Wuolijoki E, Hirvela T, Ylitalo P. Decrease in serum LDL cholesterol with microcrystalline chitosan. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol 1999;21:357-361.
18. Tai TS, Sheu WH, Lee WJ, et al. Effect of chitosan on plasma lipoprotein concentrations in type 2 diabetic subjects with hypercholesterolemia. Diabetes Care 2000;23:1703-1704.
19. Anderson KM, Wilson PW, Odell PM, Kannel WB. An updated coronary risk profile. A statement for health professionals. Circulation 1991;83:356-362.
20. Deuchi K, Kanauchi O, Shizukuishi M, Kobayashi E. Continuous and massive intake of chitosan affects mineral and fat-soluble vitamin status in rats fed on a high-fat diet. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 1995;59:1211-1216.
21. Caron MF, White CM. Evaluation of the antihyperlipidemic properties of dietary supplements. Pharmacotherapy 2001;21:481-487.
22. Kerckhoffs DA, Brouns F, Hornstra G, Mensink RP. Effects on the human serum lipoprotein profile of beta-glucan, soy protein and isoflavones, plant sterols and stanols, garlic and tocotrienols. J Nutr 2002;132:2494-2505.
23. Keenan JM, Wenz JB, Myers S, et al. Randomized, controlled, crossover trial of oat bran in hypercholesterolemic subjects. J Fam Pract 1991;33:600-608.
24. Bays H. Clinical overview of Omacor: a concentrated formulation of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Am J Cardiol 2006;98:71i-76i.
25. Berthold HK, Unverdorben S, Degenhardt R, et al. Effect of policosanol on lipid levels among patients with hypercholesterolemia or combined hyperlipidemia: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2006;295:2262-2269.
26. Cubeddu LX, Cubeddu RJ, Heimowitz T, et al. Comparative lipid-lowering effects of policosanol and atorvastatin: a randomized, parallel, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Am Heart J 2006;152:982.
27. Szapary PO, Wolfe ML, Bloedon LT, et al. Guggulipid for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2003;290:765-772.
28. Ulbricht C, Basch E, Szapary P, et al. Guggul for hyperlipidemia: a review by the Natural Standard Research Collaboration. Complement Ther Med 2005;13:279-290.