In vivo functional genomics of pseudomonas: PCR-based signature-tagged mutagenesis

Pseudomonas

Volumn 4, Issue , 2006, Pages 99-120

  Levesque, Roger C ^a  

^a UNIVERSITÉ LAVAL   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 35348834988     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1007/0-387-28881-3_4     Document Type: Chapter

References (95)

1. Aballay, A. and Ausubel, F.M., 2002, Caenorhabditis elegans as a host for the study of hostpathogen interactions. Curr. Opin. Microbiol., 5:97-101.
2. Alm, R.A. and Mattick, J.S., 1997, Genes involved in the biogenesis and function of type-4 fimbriae in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Gene, 192:89-98.
3. Apidianakis, Y., Mindrinos, M.N., Xiao, W., Lau, G.W., Baldini, R.L., Davis, R.W., and Rahme, L.G., 2005, Profiling early infection responses: Pseudomonas aeruginosa eludes host defenses by suppressing antimicrobial peptide gene expression. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.U.S.A., 102:2573- 2578.
4. Autret, N. and Charbit, A., 2005, Lessons from signature tagged-mutagenesis on the infectious mechanisms of pathogenic bacteria. FEMS Microbiol. Rev., 29:703-717.
5. Beatson, S.A., Whitchurch, C.B., Sargent, J.L., Levesque, R.C., and Mattick, J.S., 2002, Differential regulation of twitching motility and elastase production by Vfr in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J. Bacteriol., 184:3605-3613.
6. Benton, B.M., Zhang, J.P., Bond, S., Pope, C., Christian, T., Lee, L., Winterberg, K.M., Schmid, M.B., and Buysse, J.M., 2004, Large-scale identification of genes required for full virulence of Staphylococcus aureus. J. Bacteriol., 186:8478-8489.
7. Berk, R.S., Brown, D., Coutinho, I., and Meyers, D., 1987, In vivo studies with two phospholipase C fractions from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Infect. Immun., 55:1728-1730.
8. Beuzon, C.R. and Holden, D.W., 2001, Use of mixed infections with Salmonella strains to study virulence genes and their interactionsin vivo. Microbes Infect., 3:1345-1352.
9. Bever, R.A. and Iglewski, B.H., 1988, Molecular characterization and nucleotide sequence of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa elastase structural gene. J. Bacteriol., 170:4309-4314.
10. Bochner, B.R., Gadzinski, P., and Panomitros, E., 2001, Phenotype microarrays for highthroughput phenotypic testing and assay of gene function. Genome. Res., 11:1246-1255.
11. Botes, J., Williamson, G., Sinickas, V., and Gurtler, V., 2003, Genomic typing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates by comparison of riboprinting and PFGE: correlation of experimental results with those predicted from the complete genome sequence of isolate PAO1. J. Microbiol. Methods., 55:231-240.
12. Boucher, J.C., Schurr, M.J., Yu, H., Rowen, D.W., and Deretic, V., 1997, Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis: role of MucC in the regulation of alginate production and stress sensitivity. Microbiology, 143:3473-3480.
13. Braun, P., Ockhuijsen, C., Eppens, E., Koster, M., Bitter, W., and Tommassen, J., 2001, Maturation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa elastase. Formation of the disulfide bonds. J. Biol. Chem., 276:26030-26035.
14. Britigan, B.E., Roeder, T.L., Rasmussen, G.T., Shasby, D.M., McCormick, M.L., and Cox, C.D., 1992, Interaction of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa secretory products pyocyanin and pyochelin generates hydroxyl radical and causes synergistic damage to endothelial cells. Implications for Pseudomonas-associated tissue injury. J. Clin. Invest., 90:2187-2196.
15. Budzikiewicz, H., 2001, Siderophores of the human pathogenic fluorescent pseudomonads. Curr. Top. Med. Chem., 1:1-6.
16. Caballero, A.R., Moreau, J.M., Engel, L.S., Marquart, M.E., Hill, J.M., and O'Callaghan, R.J., 2001, Pseudomonas aeruginosa protease IV enzyme assays and comparison to other Pseudomonas proteases. Anal. Biochem., 290:330-337.
17. Caiazza, N.C. and O'Toole, G.A., 2004, SadB is required for the transition from reversible to irreversible attachment during biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J. Bacteriol., 186:4476-4485.
18. Cash, H.A., Woods, D.E., McCullough, B., Johanson, W.G. Jr., and Bass, J.A., 1979, A rat model of chronic respiratory infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis., 119:453-459.
19. Chiang, S.L., Mekalanos, J.J., and Holden, D.W., 1999, In vivo genetic analysis of bacterial virulence. Annu. Rev. Microbiol., 53:129-154.
20. Choi, J.Y., Sifri, C.D., Goumnerov, B.C., Rahme, L.G., Ausubel, F.M., and Calderwood, S.B., 2002, Identification of virulence genes in a pathogenic strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by representational difference analysis. J. Bacteriol., 184:952-961.
21. Cobb, J.P., Mindrinos, M.N., Miller-Graziano, C., Calvano, S.E., Baker, H.V., Xiao, W., Laudanski, K., Brownstein, B.H., Elson, C.M., Hayden, D.L., Herndon, D.N., Lowry, S.F., Maier, R.V., Schoenfeld, D.A., Moldawer, L.L., Davis, R.W., Tompkins, R.G., Bankey, P., Billiar, T., Camp, D., Chaudry, I., Freeman, B., Gamelli, R., Gibran, N., Harbrecht, B., Heagy, W., Heimbach, D., Horton, J., Hunt, J., Lederer, J., Mannick, J., McKinley, B., Minei, J., Moore, E., Moore, F., Munford, R., Nathens, A., O'Keefe, G., Purdue, G., Rahme, L., Remick, D., Sailors, M., Shapiro, M., Silver, G., Smith, R., Stephanopoulos, G., Stormo, G., Toner, M., Warren, S., West, M., Wolfe, S., and Young, V., 2005, Application of genome-wide expression analysis to human health and disease. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 103:4801-4806.
22. Cosson, P., Zulianello, L., Join-Lambert, O., Faurisson, F., Gebbie, L., Benghezal, M., van Delden, C., Curty, L.K., and Kohler, T., 2002, Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence analyzed in a Dictyostelium discoideum host system. J. Bacteriol., 184:3027-3033.
23. de Lorenzo, V., Herrero, M., Jakubzik, U., and Timmis, K.N., 1990, Mini-Tn5 transposon derivatives for insertion mutagenesis, promoter probing, and chromosomal insertion of cloned DNA in gram-negative eubacteria. J. Bacteriol., 172:6568-6572.
24. Dewar, K., Sabbagh, L., Cardinal, G., Veilleux, F., Sanschagrin, F., Birren, B., and Levesque, R.C., 1998, Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 bacterial artificial chromosomes: Strategies for mapping, screening, and sequencing 100 kb loci of the 5.9 Mb genome. Microb. Comp. Genomics., 3:105-117.
25. Dos Santos, V.A., Heim, S., Moore, E.R., Stratz, M. and Timmis, K.N., 2004, Insights into the genomic basis of niche specificity of Pseudomonas putida KT2440. Environ. Microbiol., 6:1264-1286.
26. Eberl, L. and Tummler, B., 2004, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Burkholderia cepacia in cystic fibrosis: genome evolution, interactions and adaptation. Int. J. Med. Microbiol., 294:123-131.
27. Ernst, R.K., D'Argenio, D.A., Ichikawa, J.K., Bangera, M.G., Selgrade, S., Burns, J.L., Hiatt, P., McCoy, K., Brittnacher, M., Kas, A., Spencer, D.H., Olson, M.V., Ramsey, B.W., Lory, S., and Miller, S.I., 2003, Genome mosaicism is conserved but not unique in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from the airways of young children with cystic fibrosis. Environ. Microbiol., 5:1341-1349.
28. Finnan, S., Morrissey, J.P., O'Gara, F., and Boyd, E.F., 2004, Genome diversity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from cystic fibrosis patients and the hospital environment. J. Clin. Microbiol., 42:5783-5792.
29. Firoved, A.M., Boucher, J.C., and Deretic, V., 2002, Global genomic analysis of AlgU (sigma (E))-dependent promoters (sigmulon) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and implications for inflammatory processes in cystic fibrosis. J. Bacteriol., 184:1057-1064.
30. Firoved, A.M. and Deretic, V., 2003, Microarray analysis of global gene expression in mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J. Bacteriol., 185:1071-1081.
31. Gibson, R.L., Burns, J.L., and Ramsey, B.W., 2003, Pathophysiology and management of pulmonary infections in cystic fibrosis. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., 168:918-951.
32. Goryshin, I.Y. and Reznikoff, W.S., 1998, Tn5 in vitro transposition. J. Biol. Chem., 273:7367- 7374.
33. Handfield, M., Lehoux, D.E., Sanschagrin, F., Mahan, M.J., Woods, D.E., and Levesque, R.C., 2000, In vivo-induced genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Infect. Immun., 68:2359-2362.
34. Handfield, M. and Levesque, R.C., 1999, Strategies for isolation of in vivo expressed genes from bacteria. FEMS Microbiol Rev., 23:69-91.
35. Hava, D.L. and Camilli, A., 2002, Large-scale identification of serotype 4 Streptococcus pneumoniae virulence factors. Mol. Microbiol., 45:1389-1406.
36. He, J., Baldini, R.L., Deziel, E., Saucier, M., Zhang, Q., Liberati, N.T., Lee, D., Urbach, J., Goodman, H.M., and Rahme, L.G., 2004, The broad host range pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PA14 carries two pathogenicity islands harboring plant and animal virulence genes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 101:2530-2535.
37. Hendrickson, E.L., Plotnikova, J., Mahajan-Miklos, S., Rahme, L.G., and Ausubel, F.M., 2001, Differential roles of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14 rpoN gene in pathogenicity in plants, nematodes, insects, and mice. J. Bacteriol., 183:7126-7134.
38. Hensel, M., Shea, J.E., Gleeson, C., Jones, M.D., Dalton, E., and Holden, D.W., 1995, Simultaneous identification of bacterial virulence genes by negative selection. Science, 269:400-403.
39. Horvat, R.T. and Parmely, M.J., 1988, Pseudomonas aeruginosa alkaline protease degrades human gamma interferon and inhibits its bioactivity. Infect. Immun., 56:2925-2932.
40. Hunt, T.A., Kooi, C., Sokol, P.A., and Valvano, M.A., 2004, Identification of Burkholderia cenocepacia genes required for bacterial survival in vivo. Infect. Immun., 72:4010-4022.
41. Jacobs, M.A., Alwood, A., Thaipisuttikul, I., Spencer, D., Haugen, E., Ernst, S., Will, O., Kaul, R., Raymond, C., Levy, R., Chun-Rong, L., Guenthner, D., Bovee, D., Olson, M.V., and Manoil, C., 2003, Comprehensive transposon mutant library of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 100:14339-14344.
42. Jander, G., Rahme, L.G., and Ausubel, F.M., 2000, Positive correlation between virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa mutants in mice and insects. J. Bacteriol., 182:3843-3845.
43. Kessler, E., Safrin, M., Gustin, J.K., and Ohman, D.E., 1998, Elastase and the LasA protease of Pseudomonas aeruginosa are secreted with their propeptides. J. Biol. Chem., 273:30225- 30231.
44. Kohler, T., Curty, L.K., Barja, F., van Delden, C., and Pechere, J.C., 2000, Swarming of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is dependent on cell-to-cell signaling and requires flagella and pili. J. Bacteriol., 182:5990-5996.
45. Konig, B., Jaeger, K.E., Sage, A.E., Vasil, M.L., and Konig, W., 1996, Role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa lipase in inflammatory mediator release from human inflammatory effector cells (platelets, granulocytes, and monocytes. Infect. Immun., 64:3252-3258.
46. Lau, G.W., Britigan, B.E., and Hassett, D.J., 2005, Pseudomonas aeruginosa OxyR is required for full virulence in rodent and insect models of infection and for resistance to human neutrophils. Infect. Immun., 73:2550-2553.
47. Lau, G.W., Goumnerov, B.C., Walendziewicz, C.L., Hewitson, J., Xiao, W., Mahajan-Miklos, S., Tompkins, R.G., Perkins, L.A., and Rahme, L.G., 2003, The Drosophila melanogaster toll pathway participates in resistance to infection by the gram-negative human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Infect. Immun., 71:4059-4066.
48. Lau, G.W., Hassett, D.J., Ran, H., and Kong, F., 2004, The role of pyocyanin in Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Trends Mol. Med., 10:599-606.
49. Lehoux, D.E. and Levesque, R.C., 2000, Detection of genes essential in specific niches by signature-tagged mutagenesis. Curr. Opin. Biotechnol., 11:434-439.
50. Lehoux, D.E., Sanschagrin, F., Kukavica-Ibrulj, I., Potvin, E., and Levesque, R.C., 2004, Identification of novel pathogenicity genes by PCR signature-tagged mutagenesis and related technologies. Methods Mol. Biol., 266:289-304.
51. Lehoux, D.E., Sanschagrin, F., and Levesque, R.C., 1999, Defined oligonucleotide tag pools and PCR screening in signature-tagged mutagenesis of essential genes from bacteria. Biotechniques, 26:473-478, 480.
52. Lehoux, D.E., Sanschagrin, F., and Levesque, R.C., 2002, Identification of in vivo essential genes from Pseudomonas aeruginosa by PCR-based signature-tagged mutagenesis. FEMS Microbiol. Lett., 210:73-80.
53. Lewenza, S., Gardy, J.L., Brinkman, F.S., and Hancock, R.E., 2005, Genome-wide identification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa exported proteins using a consensus computational strategy combined with a laboratory-based PhoA fusion screen. Genome. Res., 15:321-329.
54. Lizewski, S.E., Schurr, J.R., Jackson, D.W., Frisk, A., Carterson, A.J., and Schurr, M.J., 2004, Identification of AlgR-regulated genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa by use of microarray analysis. J. Bacteriol., 186:5672-5684.
55. Louis, D., Sorlier, P., andWallach, J., 1998, Quantitation and enzymatic activity of the alkaline protease from Pseudomonas aeruginosa in culture supernatants from clinical strains. Clin. Chem. Lab. Med., 36:295-298.
56. Lyczak, J.B., Cannon, C.L., and Pier, G.B., 2002, Lung infections associated with cystic fibrosis. Clin. Microbiol. Rev., 15:194-222.
57. Mahajan-Miklos, S., Rahme, L.G., and Ausubel, F.M., 2000, Elucidating the molecular mechanisms of bacterial virulence using non-mammalian hosts. Mol. Microbiol., 37:981-988.
58. Malhotra, S., Silo-Suh, L.A., Mathee, K., and Ohman, D.E., 2000, Proteome analysis of the effect of mucoid conversion on global protein expression in Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PAO1 shows induction of the disulfide bond isomerase, dsbA. J. Bacteriol., 182:6999- 7006.
59. Manger, I.D. and Relman, D.A., 2000, How the host 'sees' pathogens: global gene expression responses to infection. Curr. Opin. Immunol., 12:215-218.
60. Maroncle, N., Balestrino, D., Rich, C., and Forestier, C., 2002, Identification of Klebsiella pneumoniae genes involved in intestinal colonization and adhesion using signature-tagged mutagenesis. Infect. Immun., 70:4729-4734.
61. Marty, N., Pasquier, C., Dournes, J.L., Chemin, K., Chavagnat, F., Guinand, M., Chabanon, G., Pipy, B., and Montrozier, H., 1998, Effects of characterised Pseudomonas aeruginosa exopolysaccharides on adherence to human tracheal cells. J. Med. Microbiol., 47:129- 134.
62. Mattick, J.S., Whitchurch, C.B., and Alm, R.A., 1996, The molecular genetics of type-4 fimbriae in Pseudomonas aeruginosa-a review. Gene, 179:147-155.
63. Mavrodi, D.V., Bonsall, R.F., Delaney, S.M., Soule, M.J., Phillips, G., and Thomashow, L.S., 2001, Functional analysis of genes for biosynthesis of pyocyanin and phenazine-1-carboxamide from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. J. Bacteriol., 183:6454-6465.
64. Mecsas, J., 2002, Use of signature-tagged mutagenesis in pathogenesis studies. Curr. Opin. Microbiol., 5:33-37.
65. Merrell, D.S., Hava, D.L., and Camilli, A., 2002, Identification of novel factors involved in colonization and acid tolerance of Vibrio cholerae. Mol. Microbiol., 43:1471-1491.
66. Miller, V.L., 1999, Signature-tagged mutagenesis and the hunt for virulence factors: response. Trends Microbiol., 7:388.
67. Nouwens, A.S., Walsh, B.J., and Cordwell, S.J., 2003, Application of proteomics to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Adv. Biochem. Eng. Biotechnol., 83:117-140.
68. Pallen, M.J., Penn, C.W., and Chaudhuri, R.R., 2005, Bacterial flagellar diversity in the postgenomic era. Trends Microbiol., 13:143-149.
69. Palma, M., Worgall, S., and Quadri, L.E., 2003, Transcriptome analysis of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa response to iron. Arch. Microbiol., 180:374-379.
70. Pedersen, S.S., Shand, G.H., Hansen, B.L., and Hansen, G.N., 1990, Induction of experimental chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infection with P. aeruginosa entrapped in alginate microspheres. Apmis, 98:203-211.
71. Pier, G.B., 2002, CFTR mutations and host susceptibility to Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infection. Curr. Opin. Microbiol., 5:81-86.
72. Potvin, E., Lehoux, D.E., Kukavica-Ibrulj, I., Richard, K.L., Sanschagrin, F., Lau, G.W., and Levesque, R.C., 2003, In vivo functional genomics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa for highthroughput screening of new virulence factors and antibacterial targets. Environ. Microbiol., 5:1294-1308.
73. Priebe, G.P., Brinig, M.M., Hatano, K., Grout, M., Coleman, F.T., Pier, G.B., and Goldberg, J.B., 2002, Construction and characterization of a live, attenuated aroA deletion mutant of Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a candidate intranasal vaccine. Infect. Immun., 70:1507-1517.
74. Rahme, L.G., Ausubel, F.M., Cao, H., Drenkard, E., Goumnerov, B.C., Lau, G.W., Mahajan- Miklos, S., Plotnikova, J., Tan, M.W., Tsongalis, J., Walendziewicz, C.L., and Tompkins, R.G., 2000, Plants and animals share functionally common bacterial virulence factors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 97:8815-8821.
75. Rahme, L.G., Tan, M.W., Le, L., Wong, S.M., Tompkins, R.G., Calderwood, S.B., and Ausubel, F.M., 1997, Use of model plant hosts to identify Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence factors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 94:13245-13250.
76. Ramos, H.C., Rumbo, M., and Sirard, J.C., 2004, Bacterial flagellins: mediators of pathogenicity and host immune responses in mucosa. Trends Microbiol., 12:509-517.
77. Reznikoff, W.S., Goryshin, I.Y., and Jendrisak, J.J., 2004, Tn5 as a molecular genetics tool: in vitro transposition and the coupling of in vitro technologies with in vivo transposition. Methods Mol. Biol., 260:83-96.
78. Schuster, M., Lostroh, C.P., Ogi, T., and Greenberg, E.P., 2003, Identification, timing, and signal specificity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum-controlled genes: A transcriptome analysis. J. Bacteriol., 185:2066-2079.
79. Schweizer, H.P., 1991, Escherichia-Pseudomonas shuttle vectors derived from pUC18/19. Gene, 97:109-121.
80. Schweizer, H.P., Klassen, T., and Hoang, T., 1996, In K.F.Teruko Nakazawa, Dieter Haas, Simon Silvert (ed.), Molecular Biology of Pseudomonads. pp. 229-237, ASMPress, Washington, DC.
81. Shea, J.E., Santangelo, J.D., and Feldman, R.G., 2000, Signature-tagged mutagenesis in the identification of virulence genes in pathogens. Curr. Opin. Microbiol., 3:451-458.
82. Simon, R., Priefer, U., and Pühler, A., 1983, A broad host range mobilization system for in vivo genetic engineering: Transposon mutagenesis in Gram negative bacteria. BioTechnology, 1:784- 791.
83. Stover, C.K., Pham, X.Q., Erwin, A.L., Mizoguchi, S.D., Warrener, P., Hickey, M.J., Brinkman, F.S., Hufnagle, W.O., Kowalik, D.J., Lagrou, M., Garber, R.L., Goltry, L., Tolentino, E., Westbrock-Wadman, S., Yuan, Y., Brody, L.L., Coulter, S.N., Folger, K.R., Kas, A., Larbig, K., Lim, R., Smith, K., Spencer, D., Wong, G.K., Wu, Z., Paulsen, I.T., Reizer, J., Saier, M.H., Hancock, R.E., Lory, S., and Olson, M.V., 2000, Complete genome sequence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA01, an opportunistic pathogen. Nature, 406:959-964.
84. Tummler, B., 1987, Unusual mechanism of pathogenicity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from patients with cystic fibrosis. Infection, 15:311-312.
85. Vasil, M.L. and Ochsner, U.A., 1999, The response of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to iron: genetics, biochemistry and virulence. Mol. Microbiol., 34:399-413.
86. Visca, P., Leoni, L., Wilson, M.J., and Lamont, I.L., 2002, Iron transport and regulation, cell signalling and genomics: lessons from Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas. Mol. Microbiol., 45:1177-1190.
87. Wagner, V.E., Bushnell, D., Passador, L., Brooks, A.I., and Iglewski, B.H., 2003, Microarray analysis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum-sensing regulons: effects of growth phase and environment. J. Bacteriol., 185:2080-2095.
88. Wagner, V.E., Gillis, R.J., and Iglewski, B.H., 2004, Transcriptome analysis of quorum-sensing regulation and virulence factor expression in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Vaccine, 22(Suppl 1):S15-S20.
89. Walker, T.S., Bais, H.P., Deziel, E., Schweizer, H.P., Rahme, L.G., Fall, R., and Vivanco, J.M., 2004, Pseudomonas aeruginosa-plant root interactions. Pathogenicity, biofilm formation, and root exudation. Plant Physiol., 134:320-331.
90. Whiteley, M., Bangera, M.G., Bumgarner, R.E., Parsek, M.R., Teitzel, G.M., Lory, S., and Greenberg, E.P., 2001, Gene expression in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms. Nature, 413:860-864.
91. Wiehlmann, L., Salunkhe, P., Larbig, K., Ritzka, R., and Tummler, B., 2002, Signature-tagged mutagenesis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Genome Lett., 3:131-139.
92. Wolfgang, M.C., Lee, V.T., Gilmore, M.E., and Lory, S., 2003, Coordinate regulation of bacterial virulence genes by a novel adenylate cyclase-dependent signaling pathway. Dev. Cell., 4:253-263.
93. Worlitzsch, D., Tarran, R., Ulrich, M., Schwab, U., Cekici, A., Meyer, K.C., Birrer, P., Bellon, G., Berger, J., Weiss, T., Botzenhart, K., Yankaskas, J.R., Randell, S., Boucher, R.C., and Doring, G., 2002, Effects of reduced mucus oxygen concentration in airway Pseudomonas infections of cystic fibrosis patients. J. Clin. Invest., 109:317-325.
94. Wu, W., Badrane, H., Arora, S., Baker, H.V., and Jin, S., 2004, MucA-mediated coordination of type III secretion and alginate synthesis in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J. Bacteriol., 186:7575- 7585.
95. Yu, H. and Head, N.E., 2002, Persistent infections and immunity in cystic fibrosis. Front. Biosci., 7:D442-D457.