Fast assessment of stroke and transient ischaemic attack to prevent early recurrence (FASTER): a randomised controlled pilot trial

Lancet Neurology

Volumn 6, Issue 11, 2007, Pages 961-969

  Kennedy, James ^a   Hill, Michael D ^b,c   Ryckborst, Karla J ^b   Eliasziw, Michael ^b   Demchuk, Andrew M ^b   Buchan, Alastair M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY   (Canada)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; CLOPIDOGREL; NONSTEROID ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; PLACEBO; SIMVASTATIN; STATINE DERIVATIVE;

ARTICLE; BRAIN HEMORRHAGE; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE SEVERITY; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG SAFETY; FACTORIAL DESIGN; HIGH RISK PATIENT; HUMAN; LOADING DRUG DOSE; MYOSITIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; RECURRENCE RISK; RISK REDUCTION; STROKE; SYMPTOMATOLOGY; TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; ASPIRIN; CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE; DRUG THERAPY, COMBINATION; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL-COA REDUCTASE INHIBITORS; INCIDENCE; ISCHEMIC ATTACK, TRANSIENT; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PILOT PROJECTS; PLATELET AGGREGATION INHIBITORS; RECURRENCE; RISK REDUCTION BEHAVIOR; SEVERITY OF ILLNESS INDEX; SIMVASTATIN; STROKE; TICLOPIDINE; TIME FACTORS; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 35248821708     PISSN: 14744422     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1474-4422(07)70250-8     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke rtPA Stroke Study Group. Tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischaemic stroke. N Engl J Med 333 (1995) 1581-1587
2. Braunwald E., Antman E., Beasley J., et al. ACC/AHA 2002 guideline update for the management of patients with unstable angina and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction-summary article: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee on the Management of Patients with Unstable Angina). J Am Coll Cardiol 40 (2002) 1366-1374
3. Antman E., Anbe D., Armstrong P., et al. ACC/AHA guidelines for the management of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction-executive summary: a report of the ACC/AHA Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee to Revise the 1999 Guidelines on the Management of Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction). J Am Coll Cardiol 44 (2004) 671-719
4. Johnston S., Gress D., Browner W., and Sidney S. Short-term prognosis after emergency department diagnosis of TIA. JAMA 284 (2000) 2901-2906
5. Hill M., Yiannakoulias N., Jeerakathil T., Tu J., Svenson L., and Schopflocher D. The high risk of stroke immediately after transient ischemic attack: a population-based study. Neurology 62 (2004) 2015-2020
6. Coull A., Lovett J., and Rothwell P. Population based study of early risk of stroke after transient ischaemic attack or minor stroke: implications for public education and organisation of services. Oxford Vascular Study. BMJ 328 (2004) 326
7. Lovett J., Dennis M., Sandercock P., Bamford J., Warlow C., and Rothwell P. Very early risk of stroke after a first transient ischemic attack. Stroke 34 (2003) e138-e140
8. Johnston S., Leira E., Hansen M., and Adams H. Early recovery after cerebral ischemia risk of subsequent neurological deterioration. Ann Neurol 54 (2003) 439-444
9. Johnston S., and Easton J. Are patients with acutely recovered cerebral ischemia more unstable?. Stroke 34 (2003) 2446-2450
10. Hill M., Barber P., Demchuk A., et al. Building a "brain attack" team to administer thrombolytic therapy for acute ischemic stroke. CMAJ 162 (2000) 1589-1593
11. Barber P., Zhang J., Demchuk A., Hill M., and Buchan A. Why are stroke patients excluded from TPA therapy? An analysis of patient eligibility. Neurology 56 (2001) 1015-1020
12. Diener H., Bogousslavsky J., Brass L., et al. Aspirin and clopidogrel compared with clopidogrel alone after recent ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack in high-risk patients (MATCH): randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 364 (2004) 331-337
13. ESPRIT Study Group. Aspirin plus dipyridamole versus aspirin alone after cerebral ischaemia of arterial origin (ESPRIT): randomised controlled trial [erratum in Lancet 2007; 369: 274]. Lancet 367 (2006) 1665-1673
14. Amarenco P., Bogousslavsky J., Callahan A., et al. High-dose atorvastatin after stroke or transient ischemic attack. N Engl J Med 355 (2006) 549-559
15. CAPRIE Steering Committee. A randomised, blinded, trial of clopidogrel versus aspirin in patients at risk of ischaemic events (CAPRIE). Lancet 348 (1996) 1329-1339
16. International Stroke Trial Collaborative Group. The International Stroke Trial (IST): a randomised trial of aspirin, subcutaneous heparin, both, or neither among 19 435 patients with acute ischaemic stroke. Lancet 349 (1997) 1569-1581
17. CAST (Chinese Acute Stroke Trial) Collaborative Group. CAST: randomised placebo-controlled trial of early aspirin use in 20 000 patients with acute ischaemic stroke. Lancet 349 (1997) 1641-1649
18. Chen Z., Sandercock P., Pan H., et al. Indications for early aspirin use in acute ischemic stroke: a combined analysis of 40 000 randomized patients from the Chinese Acute Stroke Trial and the International Stroke Trial. Stroke 31 (2000) 1240-1249
19. Meschia J., Brott T., Chukwudelunzu F., et al. Verifying the stroke-free phenotype by structured telephone interview. Stroke 31 (2000) 1076-1080
20. Adams Jr. H., Bendixen B., Kappelle L., et al. Classification of subtype of acute ischemic stroke. Definitions for use in a multicenter clinical trial. TOAST. Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment. Stroke 24 (1993) 35-41
21. McAlister F., Straus S., Sackett D., and Altman D. Analysis and reporting of factorial trials: a systematic review. JAMA 289 (2003) 2545-2553
22. Bhatt D., Fox K., Hacke W., et al. Clopidogrel and aspirin versus aspirin alone for the prevention of atherothrombotic events. N Engl J Med 354 (2006) 1706-1717
23. Markus H., Droste D., Kaps M., et al. Dual antiplatelet therapy with clopidogrel and aspirin in symptomatic carotid stenosis evaluated using doppler embolic signal detection: the Clopidogrel and Aspirin for Reduction of Emboli in Symptomatic Carotid Stenosis (CARESS) trial. Circulation 111 (2005) 2233-2240
24. Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group. MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of cholesterol lowering with simvastatin in 20 536 high-risk individuals: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 360 (2002) 7-22
25. Mamdani M., and Tu J. Did the major clinical trials of statins affect prescribing behaviour?. CMAJ 164 (2001) 1695-1696
26. Endres M. Statins and stroke. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 25 (2005) 1093-1110
27. Delanty N., and Vaughan C. Vascular effects of statins in stroke. Stroke 28 (1997) 2315-2320
28. Schwartz G., Olsson A., Ezekowitz M., et al. Effects of atorvastatin on early recurrent ischemic events in acute coronary syndromes: the MIRACL study: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 285 (2001) 1711-1718
29. Waters D., Schwartz G., Olsson A., et al. Effects of atorvastatin on stroke in patients with unstable angina or non-Q-wave myocardial infarction: a Myocardial Ischemia Reduction with Aggressive Cholesterol Lowering (MIRACL) substudy. Circulation 106 (2002) 1690-1695
30. Briel M., Schwartz G., Thompson P., et al. Effects of early treatment with statins on short-term clinical outcomes in acute coronary syndromes: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. JAMA 295 (2006) 2046-2056
31. Lovett J., Coull A., and Rothwell P. Early risk of recurrence by subtype of ischemic stroke in population-based incidence studies. Neurology 62 (2004) 569-573
32. Eliasziw M., Kennedy J., Hill M., Buchan A., Barnett H., and North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial Group. Early risk of stroke after a transient ischemic attack in patients with internal carotid artery disease. CMAJ 170 (2004) 1105-1109
33. Diener H., Sacco R., Yusuf S., and PRoFESS Study Group. Rationale, design and baseline data of a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial comparing two antithrombotic regimens (a fixed-dose combination of extended-release dipyridamole plus ASA with clopidogrel) and telmisartan versus placebo in patients with strokes: the Prevention Regimen for Effectively Avoiding Second Strokes trial (PRoFESS). Cerebrovasc Dis 23 (2007) 368-380
34. Savi P., Pereillo J., Uzabiaga M., et al. Identification and biological activity of the active metabolite of clopidogrel. Thromb Haemost 84 (2000) 891-896
35. Clarke T., and Waskell L. The metabolism of clopidogrel is catalyzed by human cytochrome P450 3A and is inhibited by atorvastatin. Drug Metab Dispos 31 (2003) 53-59
36. Christians U., Jacobsen W., and Floren L. Metabolism and drug interactions of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors in transplant patients: are the statins mechanistically similar?. Pharmacol Ther 80 (1998) 1-34
37. Lau W., Waskell L., Watkins P., et al. Atorvastatin reduces the ability of clopidogrel to inhibit platelet aggregation: a new drug-drug interaction. Circulation 107 (2003) 32-37
38. Neubauer H., Günesdogan B., Hanefeld C., Spiecker M., and Mügge A. Lipophilic statins interfere with the inhibitory effects of clopidogrel on platelet function-a flow cytometry study. Eur Heart J 24 (2003) 1744-1749
39. Saw J., Steinhubl S., Berger P., et al. Lack of adverse clopidogrel-atorvastatin clinical interaction from secondary analysis of a randomized, placebo-controlled clopidogrel trial. Circulation 108 (2003) 921-924
40. Saw J., Brennan D., Steinhubl S., et al. Lack of evidence of a clopidogrel-statin interaction in the CHARISMA trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 50 (2007) 291-295
41. Gladstone D., Kapral M., Fang J., Laupacis A., and Tu J. Management and outcomes of transient ischemic attacks in Ontario. CMAJ 170 (2004) 1099-1104
42. Lavallée P., Meseguer E., Abboud H., et al. A transient ischaemic attack clinic with round-the-clock access (SOS-TIA): feasibility and effects. Lancet Neurol 6 (2007) 953-960
43. Rothwell P., Giles M., Chandratheva A., et al. Effect of urgent treatment of transient ischaemic attack and minor stroke on early recurrent stroke (EXPRESS study): a prospective population-based sequential comparison. Lancet (2007). published online Oct 9; DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61448-2