A second-order medium? the Internet as a source of electoral information in 25 European countries

Information Polity

Volumn 10, Issue 3-4, 2005, Pages 247-265

  Lusoli, Wainer ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CHESTER   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

comparative research; elections; EuroBarometer; European Parliament; Internet; media and elections

Indexed keywords

EID: 35148898842     PISSN: 15701255     EISSN: 18758754     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3233/ip-2005-0082     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. L. Anderson, M.S. Lewis-Beck and M. Stegmaier, Post-socialist democratization: a comparative political economy model of the vote for Hungary and Nicaragua, Electoral Studies 22 (2003), 469-484. (Pubitemid 36821768)
2. B.R. Barber, K. Mattson and J. Peterson, The state of the electronically enhanced democracy, Walt Whitman Center, Rutgers, NJ, 1997.
3. B. Bimber, Information and American Democracy, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2003.
4. J.G. Blumler, ed., Communicating to voters: television in the first European Parliamentary Elections, Sage, London, 1983.
5. T. Carlson and K. Strandberg, The European Parliament Election on the web: Finnish Actor Strategies and Voter Responses, Information Polity 10 (2005), forthcoming.
6. S. Coleman and S. Ward, eds, Spinning the Web: online campaigning in the 2005 general election, Hansard Society and ESRC, London, 2005.
7. M. Cornfield, L. Rainie and J.B. Horrigan, Untuned Keyboards: online campaigners, citizens, and portals in the 2002 elections, Pew Internet and American Life Project & IPDI,Washington, 2003.
8. E.D́anyi and A. Gaĺacz, Internet and Elections: Changing Political Strategies and Citizen Tactics in Hungary, Information Polity 10 (2005), forthcoming.
9. C.H. de Vreese, European elections 2004: The role of the media, Electoral Commission media seminar on 16 August 2004, London, 2004.
10. C.H. de Vreese, S. Banducci, H.A. Semetko and H.G. Boomgaarden, "Offline": The 2004 EP elections on television news in the enlarged Europe, Information Polity 10 (2005), forthcoming.
11. M.X. Delli Carpini, Gen.com: Youth, Civic Engagement, and the New Information Environment, Political Communication 17 (2000), 341-350. (Pubitemid 33216667)
12. R.K. Gibson, P.E.N. Howard and S. Ward, Social capital, Internet connectedness and political participation: a four country study, IPSA Annual Meeting, Quebec, Canada, 2000.
13. R.K. Gibson, W. Lusoli and S.Ward, Online Participation in the UK: Testing a 'contextualised' model of Internet effects, British Journal of Politics and International Relations 7 (2005), 561-583. (Pubitemid 41522867)
14. R.K. Gibson and I. McAllister, Does Cyber Campaigning Win Votes? Online Communication in the 2004 Australian Election, Center for the Study of Democracy, University of California, Irvine, 2005.
15. R.K. Gibson and S. Ward, Political participation and the Internet in Europe: who wants and who wants-not to engage in online debate, PSA Annual Conference, 23-25 March 1999, University of Nottingham, 1999.
16. R.K. Gibson, S. Ward and W. Lusoli, The Internet and Political Campaigning: the new medium comes of age? Representation 39 (2003), 166-180.
17. S. Iyengar and S. Jackman, Can Information Technology Energize Voters? Experimental Evidence from the 2000 and 2002 Campaigns, Annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, 28-31 August 2003, Philadelphia, PA, 2003.
18. M.K. Jennings and V. Zeitner, Internet use and civic engagement: a longitudinal analysis, Public Opinion Quarterly 67 (2003), 311-334. (Pubitemid 37528149)
19. L.L. Kaid, Effects of Political Information in the 2000 Presidential Campaign, American Behavioral Scientist 46 (2003), 677-691. (Pubitemid 36141037)
20. L.L. Kaid and M. Postelnicu, Political Advertising in the 2004 Election: Comparison of Traditional Television and Internet Messages, American Behavioral Scientist 49 (2005), 265-278. (Pubitemid 41422851)
21. M.S. Lewis-Beck, R. Nadeau and E. Belanger, General election forecasts in the United Kingdom: a political economy model, Electoral Studies 23 (2004), 279-290. (Pubitemid 38504559)
22. E. Loeb and J. Mallery, The 1992 presidential campaign information system, Annual meeting of the APSA, September 1, 1994, New York City, 1994.
23. A. Lupia, Evaluation: The Web White and Blue Network 2000, Markle Foundation, Washington, 2002.
24. A. Lupia and Z. Baird, CanWeb Sites Change Citizens? Implications ofWeb White and Blue 2000, Ps 36 (2003), 77-82.
25. W. Lusoli and J. Ward, 'Politics makes strange bedfellows': the Internet in the 2004 European Parliament election, Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics 10 (2005), 71-97.
26. W. Lusoli and S. Ward, Logging on or switching off? in: Spinning the Web: online campaigning in the 2005 general election, S. Coleman and S. Ward, eds, Hansard Society and ESRC, London, 2005, pp. 13-21.
27. M. Marsh, The results of the 2004 European Parliament elections and the second-order model, in: Die Europawahl 2004, O. Niedermayer and H. Schmitt, eds, VS-Verlag, Wiesbaden, 2005, pp. 144-160.
28. M. Marsh, Testing the Second-Order Election Model after Four European Elections, British Journal of Political Science 28 (1998), 591-608. (Pubitemid 128135137)
29. W.R. Neuman, New Media, Public Knowledge and Political Behavior, 1999 Annual Meeting of the APSA, 2-5 September 1999, Atlanta, 1999.
30. P. Norris, The Internet in Europe: A New North-South Divide? Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics 5 (2000), 1-12.
31. P. Norris, A virtuous circle: political communications in postindustrial societies, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2000.
32. P. Norris, Who surfs Cafe' Europa? Virtual democracy in the US and Western Europe, 1999 Annual Meeting of the APSA, 1-5 September 1999, Atlanta, 1999.
33. P. Norris, Who surfs? New technology, old voters and virtual democracy, in: Democracy.com? Governance in a networked world, E.C. Kamarck and J.S. Nye, eds, Hollis Publishing, Hollis, 1999, pp. 71-94.
34. J. Peter and C. H. de Vreese, In search of Europe-A cross-national comparative study of the European Union in national television news, it Harvard International Journal of Press-Politics 9 (2004), 3-24.
35. J. Peter, E. Lauf and H.A. Semetko, Television coverage of the 1999 European parliamentary elections, Political Communication 21 (2004), 415-433. (Pubitemid 39594129)
36. Pew, Political sites gain, but major news sites still dominant, Pew Research Centre for the People and the Press & Pew Internet and American Life, Washington, 2003.
37. Pew, Youth vote influenced by online information, Pew Research Centre for the People and the Press, Washington, 2000.
38. L. Rainie, M. Cornfield and J. Horrigan, The Internet and Campaign 2004, Pew Internet and American Life and Pew Resarch Centre for People/Press, Washington, 2005.
39. R. Rose, Europe Expands, Turnout Falls: The Significance of the 2004 European Parliament Election, IDEA, Stockholm, 2004.
40. J.D. Sadow, Plugged in: computer conferencing information's effects on 1994 voting behaviour, Annual Meeting of the APSA, Chicago, 1995.
41. H. Schmitt, Second-order elections to the European Parliament: is e-voting the solution? in: The European Union and E-voting, A.H. Trechsel and F. Mendez, eds, Routledge, London, 2004, pp. 91-107.
42. S.M. Schneider and K.A. Foot, Online Structure for Political Action: Exploring Presidential Campaign Web Sites from the 2000 American Election, Javnost-The public 9 (2002), 43-60.
43. K. Schoenbach and E. Lauf, Another look at the 'trap' effect of television-And beyond, International Journal of Public Opinion Research 16 (2004), 169-182. (Pubitemid 39080653)
44. M. Schudson, Click Here for Democracy, in: Democracy and new media, H. Jenkins and D. Thorburn, eds, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 2003.
45. P. Sẗover and A.M.Ẅust, Electoral Systems, ESSworking paper, available online at http://www.europeanelectionstudies. net/Papers/ EPElectoralSystems english.pdf, 2004.
46. J. Stromer-Galley, K.A. Foot, S.M. Schneider and E. Larsen, What Citizens Want, Where they Went, and What they Got Online in the US Election 2000, in: Elections in the age of the Internet: lessons from the United States, S. Coleman, ed., Hansard Society, London, 2001, pp. 26-35.
47. S.S. Sundar, S. Kalyanaraman and J. Brown, ExplicatingWeb Site Interactivity: Impression Formation Effects in Political Campaign Sites, Communication Research 30 (2003), 30-59.
48. C. Sunstein, Republic.com, Princeton University Press, Princeton, 2001.
49. V. Tiberj and T. Vedel, Political knowledge, media and Internet uses in France, 3 rd ECPR Annual Conference, Budapest, 8-11 September 2005.
50. C. Tolbert and R. McNeal, Unraveling the Effects of the Internet on Political Participation, Political Research Quarterly 56 (2003), 175-186.
51. A.H. Trechsel, R. Kies, F. Mendez and P.C. Schmitter, Evaluation of the use of new technologies in order to facilitate democracy in Europe: e-democratizing the parliaments and parties of Europe, European Parliament, STOA, Strasbourg, 2003.
52. A.H. Trechsel and F. Mendez, eds, The European Union and E-voting, Routledge, London, 2004.
53. S. Ward, R.K. Gibson and W. Lusoli, Parties and the Virtual Campaign: The 2005 Election Online, EPOP Conference, University of Essex, 9-11 September 2005.