Out of the frying pan into the fire: An ecological perspective on evolutionary reversal in life history in plethodontid salamanders (Amphibia: Plethodontidae)

Evolutionary Ecology

Volumn 21, Issue 6, 2007, Pages 703-726

  Bruce, Richard C ^a,b  

^a WESTERN CAROLINA UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b NONE   (United States)

Author keywords

Amphibia; Competition; Desmognathus; Interaction webs; Life history; Plethodontidae; Predation

Indexed keywords

AMPHIBIAN; ANCESTRY; COMPETITION (ECOLOGY); EVOLUTIONARILY STABLE STRATEGY; EVOLUTIONARY THEORY; HYPOTHESIS TESTING; LIFE HISTORY; PHYLOGENY; PREDATION;

AMPHIBIA; DESMOGNATHUS; PLETHODONTIDAE; SALAMANDROIDEA;

EID: 34848903637     PISSN: 02697653     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10682-006-9140-x     Document Type: Review

References (102)

1. Abrams PA (2001) Describing and quantifying interspecific interactions: a commentary on recent approaches. Oikos 94:209-218
2. Adams DC (2004) Character displacement via aggressive interference in Appalachian salamanders. Ecology 85:2664-2670
3. Baldwin AS (2002) Systematics of salamander genera Stereochilus, Gyrinophilus, and Pseudotriton (Plethodontidae) and phylogeography of Pseudotriton ruber. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Texas-Arlington, Arlington
4. Beachy CK (1993) Guild structure in streamside salamander communities: a test for interactions among larval plethodontid salamanders. J Herpetol 27:465-468
5. Beachy CK (1994) Community ecology in streams: effects of two species of predatory salamanders on a prey species of salamander. Herpetologica 50:129-136
6. Beachy CK (1997) Effect of predatory larval Desmognathus quadramaculatus on growth, survival, and metamorphosis of larval Eurycea wilderae. Copeia 1997:131-137
7. Bonett RM, Mueller RL, Wake DB (2005) Why should reacquisition of larval stages by desmognathine salamanders surprise us? Herpetol Rev 36:112-113
8. Bruce RC (1968) Life history studies of salamanders of the genus Pseudotriton (Caudata: Plethodontidae). Ph.D. dissertation, Duke University, Durham
9. Bruce RC (1972) Variation in the life cycle of the salamander Gyrinophilus porphyriticus. Herpetologica 28:230-245
10. Bruce RC (1979) Evolution of paedomorphosis in salamanders of the genus Gyrinophilus. Evolution 33:998-1000
11. Bruce RC (1991) Evolution of ecological diversification in desmognathine salamanders. Herpetol Rev 22:44-46
12. Bruce RC (1996) Life-history perspective of adaptive radiation in desmognathine salamanders. Copeia 1996:783-790
13. Bruce RC (2003) Ecological distribution of the salamanders Gyrinophilus and Pseudotriton in a southern Appalachian watershed. Herpetologica 59:301-310
14. Bruce RC (2005) Did Desmognathus salamanders reinvent the larval stage? Herpetol Rev 36:107-112
15. Burton TM (1976) An analysis of the feeding ecology of the salamanders (Amphibia, Urodela) of the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, New Hampshire. J Herpetol 10:187-204
16. Camp CD (1997) The status of the black-bellied salamander (Desmognathus quadramaculatus) as a predator of heterospecific salamanders in Appalachian streams. J Herpetol 31:613-616
17. Carr DE, Taylor DH (1985) Experimental evaluation of population interactions among three sympatric species of Desmognathus. J Herpetol 19:507-514
18. Chippindale PT, Bonett RM, Baldwin AS, Wiens JJ (2004) Phylogenetic evidence for a major reversal of life-history evolution in plethodontid salamanders. Evolution 58:2809-2822
19. Chippindale PT, Wiens JJ (2005) Re-evolution of the larval stage in the plethodontid salamander genus Desmognathus. Herpetol Rev 36:113-117
20. Connell JH (1975) Some mechanisms producing structure in natural communities: a model and evidence from field experiments. In: Cody ML, Diamond JM (eds) Ecology and evolution of communities. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, pp 460-490
21. Davic RD (1991) Ontogenetic shift in diet of Desmognathus quadramaculatus. J Herpetol 25:108-111
22. Davic RD (2005) Using limb morphology to distinguish two-lined salamander larvae (Eurycea) from northern dusky salamander larvae (Desmognathus). Herpetol Rev 36:9-12
23. Ducey PK, Schramm K, Cambry N (1994) Interspecific aggression between the sympatric salamanders, Ambystoma maculatum and Plethodon cinereus. Am Midl Nat 131:320-329
24. Dunn ER (1926) The salamanders of the family Plethodontidae. Smith College, Northampton
25. Estes R (1981) Gymnophiona, Caudata. Handbuch der Paläoherpetologie, Teil 2. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, Germany
26. Fauth JE (1998) Investigating geographic variation in interspecific interactions using common garden experiments. In: Resetarits WJ Jr, Bernardo J (eds) Experimental ecology: issues and perspectives. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp 394-415
27. Fauth JE, Bernardo J, Camara M, Resetarits WJ Jr, Van Buskirk J, McCollum SA (1996). Simplifying the jargon of community ecology: a conceptual approach. Am Nat 147:282-286
28. Formanowicz DR Jr, Brodie ED Jr (1993) Size-mediated predation pressure in a salamander community. Herpetologica 49:265-270
29. Fraser DF (1976a) Coexistence of salamanders in the genus Plethodon: a variation of the Santa Rosalia theme. Ecology 57:238-251
30. Fraser DF (1976b) Empirical evaluation of the hypothesis of food competition in salamanders of the genus Plethodon. Ecology 57:459-471
31. Griffis MR, Jaeger RG (1998) Competition leads to an extinction-prone species of salamander: interspecific territoriality in a metapopulation. Ecology 79:2494-2502
32. Grover MC (2000) Determinants of salamander distributions along moisture gradients. Copeia 2000:156-168
33. Grover MC, Wilbur HM (2002) Ecology of ecotones: interactions between salamanders on a complex environmental gradient. Ecology 83:2112-2123
34. Gustafson MP (1993) Intraguild predation among larval plethodontid salamanders: a field experiment in artificial stream pools. Oecologia 96:271-275
35. Gustafson MP (1994) Size-specific interactions among larvae of the plethodontid salamanders Gyrinophilus porphyriticus and Eurycea cirrigera. J Herpetol 28:470-476
36. Hairston NG (1949) The local distribution and ecology of the plethodontid salamanders of the southern Appalachians. Ecol Monogr 19:47-73
37. Hairston NG (1980a) Species packing in the salamander genus Desmognathus: what are the interspecific interactions involved? Am Nat 115:354-366
38. Hairston NG (1980b) The experimental test of an analysis of field distributions: competition in terrestrial salamanders. Ecology 61:817-826
39. Hairston NG (1980c) Evolution under interspecific competition: field experiments on terrestrial salamanders. Evolution 34:409-420
40. Hairston NG (1981) An experimental test of a guild: salamander competition. Ecology 62:65-72
41. Hairston NG (1983) Alpha selection in competing salamanders: experimental verification of an a priori hypothesis. Am Nat 122:105-113
42. Hairston NG Sr (1986) Species packing in Desmognathus salamanders: experimental demonstration of predation and competition. Am Nat 127:266-291
43. Hairston NG Sr (1987) Community ecology and salamander guilds. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK
44. Hairston NG Sr (1996) Predation and competition in salamander communities. In: Cody ML, Smallwood JA (eds) Long-term studies of vertebrate communities. Academic, New York, NY, USA, pp 161-189
45. Hairston NG Sr, Nishikawa KC, Stenhouse SL (1987) The evolution of competing species of terrestrial salamanders: niche partitioning or interference? Evol Ecol 1:247-262
46. Harris RN (1999) The anuran tadpole: evolution and maintenance. In: McDiarmid RW, Altig R (eds) Tadpoles: the biology of anuran larvae. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL, USA, pp 279-294
47. Highton R (1983) A new species of woodland salamander of the Plethodon glutinosus group from the southern Appalachian Mountains. Brimleyana 9:1-20
48. Highton R, Peabody RB (2000) Geographic protein variation and speciation in salamanders of the Plethodon jordani and Plethodon glutinosus complexes in the southern Appalachian Mountains with the description of four new species. In: Bruce RC, Jaeger RG, Houck LD (eds) The biology of plethodontid salamanders. Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, NY, USA, pp 31-93
49. Holman JA (2006) Fossil salamanders of North America. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, IN, USA
50. Huang C, Sih A (1991) Experimental studies on direct and indirect interactions in a three trophic-level stream system. Oecologia 85:530-536
51. Jaeger RG (1970) Potential extinction through competition between two species of terrestrial salamanders. Evolution 24:632-642
52. Jaeger RG (1971a) Competitive exclusion as a factor influencing the distributions of two species of terrestrial salamanders. Ecology 52:632-637
53. Jaeger RG (1971b) Moisture as a factor influencing the distributions of two species of terrestrial salamanders. Oecologia 6:191-207
54. Jaeger RG (1972) Food as a limited resource in competition between two species of terrestrial salamanders. Ecology 53:535-546
55. Jaeger RG, Gabor CR, Wilbur HM (1998) An assemblage of salamanders in the southern Appalachian Mountains: competitive and predatory behavior. Behaviour 135:795-821
56. Johnson BR, Wallace JB (2005) Bottom-up limitation of a stream salamander in a detritus-based food web. Can J Fish Aquat Sci 62:301-311
57. Johnson BR, Wallace JB, Rosemond AD, Cross WF (2006) Larval salamander growth responds to enrichment of a nutrient poor headwater stream. Hydrobiologia 573:227-232
58. Keen WH (1982) Habitat selection and interspecific competition in two species of plethodontid salamanders. Ecology 63:94-102
59. Keen WH (1985) Habitat selection by two streamside plethodontid salamanders. Oecologia 66:437-442
60. Keen WH, Sharp S (1984) Responses of a plethodontid salamander to conspecific and congeneric intruders. Anim Behav 32:58-65
61. Kleeberger SR (1984) A test of competition in two sympatric populations of desmognathine salamanders. Ecology 65:1846-1856
62. Kozak KH, Larson A, Bonett RM, Harmon LJ (2005) Phylogenetic analysis of ecomorphological divergence, community structure, and diversification rates in dusky salamanders (Plethodontidae: Desmognathus). Evolution 59:2000-2016
63. Kozak KH, Weisrock DW, Larson A (2006) Rapid lineage accumulation in a non-adaptive radiation: phylogenetic analysis of diversification rates in eastern North American woodland salamanders (Plethodontidae: Plethodon). Proc R Soc B 273:539-546
64. Krzysik AJ (1979) Resource allocation, coexistence, and the niche structure of a streambank salamander community. Ecol Monogr 49:173-194
65. Lancaster DL, Jaeger RG (1995) Rules of engagement for adult salamanders in territorial conflicts with heterospecific juveniles. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 37:25-29
66. Lannoo M (2005) Amphibian declines: the conservation status of United States species. University of California Press, Berkeley, California, USA
67. Larson A, Weisrock DW, Kozak KH (2003) Phylogenetic systematics of salamanders (Amphibia: Urodela), a review. In: Sever DM (ed) Reproductive biology and phylogeny of Urodela. Science Publishers Inc., Enfield,NH, USA, pp 31-108
68. Lowe WH, Nislow KH, Bolger DT (2004) Stage-specific and interactive effects of sedimentation and trout on a headwater stream salamander. Ecol Appl 14:164-172
69. Macey JR (2005) Plethodontid salamander mitochondrial genomics: a parsimony evaluation of character conflict and implications for historical biogeography. Cladistics 21:194-202
70. Marshall JL, Camp CD, Jaeger RG (2004) Potential interference competition between a patchily distributed salamander (Plethodon petraeus) and a sympatric congener (Plethodon glutinosus). Copeia 2004:488-495
71. Martof BS, Scott DC (1957) The food of the salamander Leurognathus. Ecology 38:494-501
72. Marvin GA (1998) Interspecific aggression and spatial relationships in the salamanders Plethodon kentucki and Plethodon glutinosus: evidence of interspecific interference competition. Can J Zool 76:94-103
73. Mathis A, Jaeger RG, Keen WH, Ducey PK, Walls SC, Buchanan BW (1995) Aggression and territoriality by salamanders and a comparison with the territorial behaviour of frogs. In: Heatwole H, Sullivan BK (eds) Amphibian biology, vol 2. Social behaviour. Surrey Beatty & Sons, Chipping Norton, NSW, Australia, pp 633-676
74. Menge BA, Sutherland JP (1987) Community regulation: variation in disturbance, competition, and predation in relation to environmental stress and recruitment. Am Nat 130:730-757
75. Milner AR (2000) Mesozoic and Tertiary Caudata and Albanerpetontidae. In: Heatwole H, Carroll RL (eds) Amphibian biology, vol 4. Palaeontology, the evolutionary history of Amphibians. Surrey Beatty & Sons, Chipping Norton, NSW, Australia, pp 1412-1444
76. Mueller RL, Macey JR, Jaekel M, Wake DB, Boore JL (2004) Morphological homoplasy, life history evolution, and historical biogeography of plethodontid salamanders inferred from complete mitochondrial genomes. Proc Natl Acad Sci 101:13820-13825
77. Nishikawa KC (1985) Competition and the evolution of aggressive behavior in two species of terrestrial salamanders. Evolution 39:1282-1294
78. Nishikawa KC (1987) Interspecific aggressive behaviour in salamanders: species-specific interference or misidentification? Anim Behav 35:263-270
79. Peacor SD, Werner EE (2004) How dependent are species-pair interaction strengths on other species in the food web? Ecology 85:2754-2763
80. Petranka JW (1998) Salamanders of the United States and Canada. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC, USA
81. Petranka JW, Smith CK (2005) A functional analysis of streamside habitat use by southern Appalachian salamanders: implications for riparian forest management. Forest Ecol Manag 210:443-454
82. Price JE, Secki Shields JA (2002) Size-dependent interactions between two terrestrial amphibians, Plethodon cinereus and Plethodon glutinosus. Herpetologica 58:141-155
83. Ransom TS, Jaeger RG (2006) An assemblage of salamanders in the southern Appalachian mountains revisited: competitive and predatory behavior? Behaviour 143:1357-1382
84. Resetarits WJ Jr (1991) Ecological interactions among predators in experimental stream communities. Ecology 72:1782-1793
85. Resetarits WJ Jr (1995) Competitive asymmetry and coexistence in size-structured populations of brook trout and spring salamanders. Oikos 73:188-198
86. Rissler LJ, Taylor DR (2003) The phylogenetics of desmognathine salamander populations across the southern Appalachians. Mol Phylogenet Evol 27:197-211
87. Rissler LJ, Wilbur HM, Taylor DR (2004) The influence of ecology and genetics on behavioral variation in salamander populations across the Eastern Continental Divide. Am Nat 164:201-213
88. Roudebush RE, Taylor DH (1987) Behavioral interactions between two desmognathine salamander species: importance of competition and predation. Ecology 68:1453-1458
89. Schwenk K, Wake DB (1993) Prey processing in Leurognathus marmoratus and the evolution of form and function in desmognathine salamanders (Plethodontidae). Biol J Linnean Soc 49:141-162
90. Skelly DK (1992) Field evidence for a cost of behavioral antipredator response in a larval amphibian. Ecology 73:704-708
91. Smith EM, Pough FH (1994) Intergeneric aggression among salamanders. J Herpetol 28:41-45
92. Southerland MT (1986a) Behavioral interactions among four species of the salamander genus Desmognathus. Ecology 67:175-181
93. Southerland MT (1986b) Behavioral niche expansion in Desmognathus fuscus (Amphibia: Caudata: Plethodontidae). Copeia 1986:235-237
94. Southerland MT (1986c) Coexistence of three congeneric salamanders: the importance of habitat and body size. Ecology 67:721-728
95. Titus TA, Larson A (1996) Molecular phylogenetics of desmognathine salamanders (Caudata: Plethodontidae): a reevaluation of evolution in ecology, life history, and morphology. Syst Biol 45:451-472
96. Wake DB (1966) Comparative osteology and evolution of the lungless salamanders, family Plethodontidae. Mem South Calif Acad Sci 4:1-111
97. Wake DB, Hanken J (1996) Direct development in the lungless salamanders: what are the consequences for developmental biology, evolution and phylogenesis? Int J Dev Biol 40:859-869
98. Wallace JB, Eggert SL, Meyer JL, Webster JR (1997) Multiple trophic levels of a forest stream linked to terrestrial litter inputs. Science 277:102-104
99. Wallace JB, Eggert SL, Meyer JL, Webster JR (1999) Effects of resource limitation on a detrital-based ecosystem. Ecol Monogr 69:409-442
100. Walls SC (1990) Interference competition in postmetamorphic salamanders: interspecific differences in aggression by coexisting species. Ecology 71:307-314
101. Werner EE, Peacor SD (2003) A review of trait-mediated indirect interactions in ecological communities. Ecology 84:1083-1100
102. Wootton JT, Emmerson M (2005) Measurement of interaction strength in nature. Annu Rev Ecol Evol Syst 36:419-444