The temporal dynamics of selective attention of the visual periphery as measured by classification images

Journal of Vision

Volumn 7, Issue 12, 2007, Pages 1-20

  Shimozaki, Steven S ^a   Chen, Kelly Y ^b   Abbey, Craig K ^b   Eckstein, Miguel P ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LEICESTER   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Classification images; Cueing; Impulse response; Temporal dynamics; Visual attention

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; ASSOCIATION; ATTENTION; CLASSIFICATION; CONTRAST SENSITIVITY; DEPTH PERCEPTION; DISCRIMINANT ANALYSIS; HUMAN; LIGHT; METHODOLOGY; PERCEPTION; PHOTOSTIMULATION; PHYSIOLOGY; PSYCHOLOGICAL MODEL; REACTION TIME; TIME; VISION;

ADULT; ATTENTION; CLASSIFICATION; CONTRAST SENSITIVITY; CUES; DISCRIMINANT ANALYSIS; HUMANS; LIGHT; MODELS, PSYCHOLOGICAL; PERCEPTUAL MASKING; PHOTIC STIMULATION; REACTION TIME; SPACE PERCEPTION; TIME FACTORS; VISUAL PERCEPTION;

EID: 34848862806     PISSN: None     EISSN: 15347362     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1167/7.12.10     Document Type: Article

References (89)

1. Abbey, C. K., & Eckstein, M. P. (2002). Classification image analysis: Estimation and statistical inference for two-alternative forced-choice experiments. Journal of Vision, 2(1):5, 66-78, http://journalofvision.org/2/1/5/, doi:10.1167/2.1.5. [PubMed]
2. Abbey, C. K., & Eckstein, M. P. (2006). Classification images for detection, contrast discrimination, and identification tasks with a common ideal observer. Journal of Vision, 6(4):4, 335-355, http://journalofvision.org/6/4/4/, doi:10.1167/6.4.4. [PubMed]
3. Ahumada, A. J. (1996). Perceptual classification images from Vernier acuity masked by noise. Perception, 26, 18.
4. Ahumada, A. J., Jr. (2002). Classification image weights and internal noise level estimation. Journal of Vision, 2(1):8, 121-131, http://journalofvision.org/2/1/8/, doi:10.1167/2.1.8. [PubMed]
5. Ahumada, A. J., & Lovell, J. (1971). Stimulus features in signal detection. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 49, 1751-1756.
6. Ballard, D. H., Hayhoe, M. M., Pook, P. K., & Rao, R. P. (1997). Deictic codes for the embodiment of cognition. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 20, 743-767. [PubMed]
7. Barlow, H. B. (1956). Retinal noise and absolute threshold. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 46, 634-639. [PubMed]
8. Beard. B. L., & Ahumada, A. (1998). Technique to extract relevant image features for visual tasks. Proceedings of SPIE, 3299, 79-85.
9. Burgess, A. E., Wagner, R. F., Jennings, R. J., & Barlow, H. B. (1981). Efficiency of human visual signal discrimination. Science, 214, 93-94. [PubMed]
10. Caspi, A., Beutter, B. R., & Eckstein, M. P. (2004). The time course of visual information accrual guiding eye movement decisions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 101, 13086-13090. [PubMed]
11. Clark, V. P., & Hillyard, S. A. (1996). Spatial selective attention affects early exastriate but not striate components of visual evoked potential. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 8, 387-402.
12. Dakin, S. C., & Bex, P. J. (2003). Natural image statistics mediate brightness 'filling in'. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 270, 2341-2348. [PubMed]
13. De Lange, H. (1958). Research into the dynamic nature of the human fovea-cortex systems with intermittent and modulated light: I. Attenuation characteristics with white and colored light. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 48, 777-784.
14. DeAngelis, G. C., Ohzawa, I., & Freeman, R. D. (1993a), Spatiotemporal organization of simple-cell receptive fields in the cat's striate cortex. I. General characteristics and postnatal development. Journal of Neurophysiology, 69, 1091-1117. [PubMed]
15. DeAngelis, G. C., Ohzawa, I., & Freeman, R. D. (1993b). Spatiotemporal organization of simple-cell receptive fields in the cat's striate cortex. II. Linearity of temporal and spatial summation. Journal of Neurophysiology, 69, 1118-1135. [PubMed]
16. Di Russo, F., Martínez, A., & Hillyard, S. A. (2003). Source analysis of event-related cortical activity during, visuo-spatial attention. Cerebral Cortex, 13, 486-499. [PubMed]
17. Doallo, S., Lorenzo-López, L., Vizoso,. C., Rodríguez Holguín, S., Amenedo, E., Bará, S., et al. (2004). The time course of the effects of central and peripheral cues on visual processing: An event-related potentials study. Clinical Neurophysiology, 115, 199-210. [PubMed]
18. Eckstein, M. P., & Ahumada, A. J., Jr. (2002). Classification images: A tool to analyze visual strategies. Journal of Vision, 2(1):i, i, http://journalofvision.org/2/1/i/, doi:10.1167/2.1.i. [PubMed]
19. Eckstein, M. P., Pham, B. T., & Shimozaki, S. S. (2004). The footprints of visual attention during search with 100% valid and 100% invalid cues. Vision Research, 44, 1193-1207. [PubMed]
20. Eckstein, M. P., Shimozaki, S. S., & Abbey, C. K. (2002). The footprints of visual attention in the Posner cueing paradigm revealed by classification images. Journal of Vision, 2(1):3, 25-45, http://journalofvision.org/2/1/3/, doi:10.1167/2.1.3. [PubMed]
21. Eckstein, M. P., Whiting, J. S., & Thomas, J. P. (1996). Role of knowledge in human visual temporal integration in spatiotemporal noise. Journal of the Optical Society of America A, Optics, image science, and vision, 13, 1960-1968. [PubMed]
22. Ghose, G. M. (2006). Strategies optimize the detection of motion transients. Journal of Vision, 6(4):10, 429-440, http://journalofvision.org/6/4/10/, doi:10.1167/6.4.10. [PubMed]
23. Gold, J. M., Murray, R. F., Bennett, P. J., & Sekuler, A. B. (2000). Deriving behavioral receptive fields for visually completed contours. Current Biology, 10, 663-666. [PubMed]
24. Gold, J. M., Shiffrin, R., & Elder, J. (2006). Finding visual features: Using stochastic stimuli to discover internal representations. Journal of Vision, 6(4):ii, ii, http://journalofvision.org/6/4/ ii/, doi:10.1167/6.4.ii.
25. Gold, J. M., & Shubel, E. (2006). The spatiotemporal properties of visual completion measured by response classification. Journal of Vision, 6(4):5, 356-365, http://journalofvision.org/6/4/5/, doi:10.1167/6.4.5. [PubMed]
26. Golub, G. H., & Van Loan, C. F. (1989). Matrix computations. Baltimore, MD: John Hopkins University Press.
27. Green, D. M., & Swets, J. A. (1966). Signal detection theory. New York: Wiley,
28. Harris, R. J. (1985). A primer of multivariate statistics (pp. 99-119). Orlando, FL: Academic. Press.
29. Harter, M. R., Miller, S. L., Price, N. J., LaLonde, M. E., & Keyes, A. L. (1989). Neural processes involved in directing attention. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 1, 223-237.
30. Hillyard, S., A., Teder-Sälejärvi, W. A., & Münte, T. F. (1998)., Temporal dynamics of early perceptual processing. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 8, 202-2 10. [PubMed]
31. Hopfinger, J., & Mangun, G. R. (1998). Reflexive attention modulates processing of visual stimuli in human extrastriate cortex. Psychological Science, 9, 441-447.
32. Kinchla, R. A. (1974). Detecting target elements in multi-element arrays: A confusability model. Perception & Psychophysics, 15, 149-158.
33. Kinchla R. A. (1977). The role of structural redundancy in the perception of visual targets. Perception & Psychophysics, 22, 19-30.
34. Kinchla, R. A., Chen, Z., & Evert, D. (1995). Precue effects in visual search: Data or resource limited? Perception & Psychophysics, 57, 441-450. [PubMed]
35. Klein, R. M. (2000). Inhibition of return. Trends in Cognitive Science, 4, 138-147. [PubMed]
36. Knoblauch, K.,.Thomas, J. P., & D'Zmura, M. (1999). Feedback temporal frequency and stimulus classification. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 40, 4171.
37. Lankheet, M. J. (2006). Unraveling adaptation and mutual inhibition in perceptual rivalry. Journal of Vision, 6(4):1, 304-310, http://journalofvision.org/6/4/1/, doi:10.1167/6.4.1. [PubMed]
38. Levi, D. M., & Klein, S. A. (2002). Classification images for detection and position discrimination in the fovea and parafovea. Journal of Vision, 2(1):4, 46-65, http://journalofvision.org/2/ 1/4/, doi:10.1167/2.1.4. [PubMed]
39. Lu, H., & Liu, Z. (2006). Computing dynamic classification images from correlation maps. Journal of Vision, 6(4):12, 475-483, http://journalofvision.org/6/4/12/, doi:10.1167/6.4.12. [PubMed]
40. Luck, S. J., Hillyard, S. A., Mouloua, M., Woldorff, M. G., Clark, V. P., & Hawkins, H. L. (1994). Effects of spatial cuing on luminance detectability: Psychophysical and electrophysiological evidence for early selection. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 20, 887-904. [PubMed]
41. Ludwig, C. J., Gilchrist, I. D., McSorley, E., & Baddeley, R. J. (2205). The temporal impulse response underlying saccádic decisions. Journal of Neuroscience, 25, 9907-9912. [PubMed]
42. Luria, A. R. (1973). The working brain. New York: Penguin.
43. Lyon, D. R. (1987). How quickly can attention affect form perception? (Technical Report AFHRL-TR-87-28). Brooks Air Force Base, TX: Air Force Human Resources Laboratory. [PubMed]
44. Lyon, D. R. (1990). Large and rapid improvement in form discrimination accuracy following a location precue. Acta Psychologica, 73, 69-82.
45. Mackeben, M., & Nakayama, K. (1993). Express attentional shifts. Vision Research, 33, 85-90. [PubMed]
46. Mangun, G. R. (1995). Neural mechanisms of visual selective attention. Psychophysiology, 32, 4-18. [PubMed]
47. Mangun, G. R., & Hillyard, S. A. (1991). Modulation of sensory-evoked brain potentials indicate changes in perceptual processing during visual-spatial priming. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 17, 1057-1074. [PubMed]
48. Mareschal, I., Dakin, S. C., & Bex, P. J. (2006). Dynamic properties of orientation discrimination assessed by using classification images. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 103, 5131-5136. [PubMed]
49. Marmarelis, P. N., & Marmarelis, V. Z. (1978). Analysis of physiological systems: The white noise approach. New York: Plenum.
50. Martínez, A., Anllo-Vento, L., Sereno, M. I., Frank, L. R., Buxton, R. B., Dubowitz, D. J., et al. (1999). Involvement of striate and extrastriate visual cortical areas in spatial attention. Nature Neuroscience, 4, 364-369. [PubMed]
51. Müller, H. J., & Findlay, J. M. (1988). The effect of visual attention on peripheral discrimination thresholds in single and multiple element displays. Acta Psychologica, 69, 129-155. [PubMed]
52. Murray, R. F., Bennett, P. J., & Sekuler, A. B. (2002). Optimal methods for calculating classification images: Weighted sums. Journal of Vision, 2(1):6, 79-104, http://journalofvision.org/2/1/6/, doi:10.1167/2.1.6. [PubMed]
53. Nakayama, K., & Mackeben, M. (1989) Sustained and transient components of focal visual attention. Vision Research, 29, 1631-1647. [PubMed]
54. Neri, P. (2004). Estimation of nonlinear psychophysical kernels. Journal of Vision, 4(2):2, 82-91, http://journalofvision.org/4/ 2/2/, doi:10.1167/4.2.2. [PubMed]
55. Neri, P., & Heeger, D. J. (2002). Spatiotemporal mechanisms for detecting and identifying image features in human vision. Nature Neuroscience, 5, 812-816. [PubMed]
56. Neumaier, A. (1998). Solving ill-conditioned and singular linear systems: A tutorial on regularization. SIAM Review, 40, 636-666.
57. Nobre, A. C., Sebestyen, G. N., & Miniussi, C. (2000). The dynamics of shifting visuospatial attention revealed by event-related potentials. Neuropsychologia, 38, 964-974. [PubMed]
58. Nunez, P. L. (1981). Electric fields of the brain. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
59. Nykamp, D. Q., & Ringach, D. L. (2002). Full identification of a linear-nonlinear system via cross-correlation analysis. Journal of Vision, 2(1):1, 1-11, http://journalofvision.org/2/1/1/, doi:10.1167/ 2.1.1. [PubMed]
60. Palmer, J. (1995). Attention in visual search: Distinguishing four causes of set-size effects. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 4, 118-123.
61. Pashler, H. E. (1998). The psychology of attention. Cambridge; MA: MIT Press.
62. Posner, M.I. (1978). Chronometric explorations of the mind. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. [PubMed]
63. Posner, M. I. (1980). Orienting of attention. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 32, 3-25.
64. Posner, M. I., & Cohen, Y. (1984). Components of visual orienting. In X. H. Bouma & D. G. Bouwhuis (Eds.), Attention and performance X (pp. 531-556). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
65. Posner, M. I., Rafal, R. D., Choate, L. S., & Vaughan, J. (1985). Inhibition of return: Neural basis and function. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 2, 211-228.
66. Rajashekar, U., Bovik, A. C., & Cormack, L. K. (2006). Visual search in noise: Revealing the influence of structural cues by gaze-contingent classification image analysis. Journal of Vision, 6(4):7, 379-386, http://journalofvision.org/6/4/7/, doi:10.1167/6.4.7. [PubMed]
67. Reid, R. C., Victor, J. D., & Shapley, R. M. (1997). The use of m-sequences in the analysis of visual neurons: Linear receptive field properties. Visual Neuroscience, 14, 1015-1027. [PubMed]
68. Remington, R., & Pierce, L. (1984). Moving attention: Evidencefor time-invariant shifts of visual selective attention. Perception & Psychophysics, 35, 393-399. [PubMed]
69. Ringach, D. L., Sapiro, G., & Shapley, R. (1997). A subspace reverse-correlation technique for the study of visual neurons. Vision Research, 37, 2455-2464. [PubMed]
70. Robson, J. G. (1966). Spatial and temporal contrast sensitivity functions of the visual system. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 56, 1141-1142.
71. Roufs, J. A., & Blommaert, F. J. (1981). Temporal impulse and step responses of the human eye obtained psychophysically by means of a drift-correcting perturbation technique. Vision Research, 21, 1203-1221. [PubMed]
72. Shepherd, M., & Müller, H. J. (1989). Movement versus focusing of visual attention. Perception & Psychophysics, 46, 146-154. [PubMed]
73. Shimozaki, S. S., Eckstein, M. P., & Abbey, C. K. (2003). Comparison of two weighted integration models for the cueing paradigm: Linear and likelihood. Journal of Vision, 3(3):3, 209-229, http://journalofvision.org/3/3/3/, doi:10.1167/3.3.3. [PubMed]
74. Shimozaki, S. S., Eckstein, M. P., & Abbey, C. K. (2005). Spatial profiles of local and nonlocal effects upon contrast detection/ discrimination from classification images. Journal of Vision, 5(1):5, 45-57, http://journalofvision.org/5/1/5/, doi:10.1167/5.1.5. [PubMed]
75. Shulman, G. L., Remington, R. W., & McLean, J. P. (1979). Moving attention through visual space. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 5, 522-526. [PubMed]
76. Sperling, G., & Weichselgartner, E. (1995).0 Episodic theory of the dynamics of spatial attention. Psychological Review, 102, 503-522. [PubMed]
77. Spitzer, H., Desimone, R., & Moran, J. (1988). Increased attention enhances both behavioral and neuronal performance. Science, 240, 338-340.
78. Taylor, J. R. (1982). An introduction to error analysis: The study of uncertainty in physical measurements. Mill Valley, CA: University Science Books.
79. Tjan, B. S., & Nandy, A. S. (2006). Classification images with uncertainty. Journal of Vision, 6(4):8, 387-413, http://journalofvision.org/6/4/8/, doi:10.1167/6.4.8. [PubMed]
80. Treisman, A. M., & Gelade, G. (1980). A feature integration theory of attention. Cognitive Psychology, 12, 97-136. [PubMed]
81. Tsal, Y. (1983). Movements of attention across the visual field. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 9, 523-530. [PubMed]
82. Victor, J. D. (2005). Analyzing receptive fields, classification images and function images: Challenges with opportunities for synergy. Nature Neuroscience, 8, 1651-1656. [PubMed]
83. Watson, A, B. (1986). Temporal sensitivity. In K. Boff, L. Kaufman, & J. P. Thomas (Eds.), Handbook of perception and human performance (chapter 6). New York: Wiley.
84. Weichselgartner, E., & Sperling, G. (1987). Dynamics of automatic and controlled visual attention. Science, 238, 778-780. [PubMed]
85. Wright, R. D., & Ward, L. M. (1998). The control of visual attention. In R. D. Wright (Ed.), Visual attention (pp. 132-186). New York: Oxford University Press.
86. Wu, Y., Chen, J., & Han, S. (2005). Neural mechanisms of attentional modulation of perceptual grouping by collinearity. Neuroreport, 16, 567-570. [PubMed]
87. Xing, J., & Ahumada, A. J. (2002). Estimation of human-observer templates in temporal varying noise [Abstract]. Journal of Vision, 2(7):343, 343a, http://www.journalofvision.org/2/7/343/, doi:10.1167/2.7.343.
88. Yeshurun, Y., & Carrasco, M. (1998). Attention improves or impairs visual performance by enhancing spatial resolution. Nature, 396, 72-76. [PubMed]
89. Yeshurun, Y., & Carrasco, M. (1999). Spatial attention improves performance in spatial resolution tasks. Vision Research, 39, 293-306. [PubMed]