Imported tungiasis: A report of 19 cases and review of the literature

International Journal of Dermatology

Volumn 46, Issue 10, 2007, Pages 1061-1066

  Veraldi, Stefano ^a   Valsecchi, Marta ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MILAN   (Italy)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; CHLOROFORM; ETHER; FORMALDEHYDE; IVERMECTIN; METRIFONATE; NIRIDAZOLE; PETROLATUM; TIABENDAZOLE;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AFRICA; AGED; ARTICLE; BACTERIAL GROWTH; BACTERIUM EXAMINATION; BULLOUS SKIN DISEASE; CENTRAL AMERICA; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; CRYOTHERAPY; DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS; ESCHERICHIA COLI; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; HISTOPATHOLOGY; HUMAN; IMPORTED TUNGIASIS; LABORATORY TEST; MALE; PAPULAR SKIN DISEASE; PARASITE LOCALIZATION; PARASITOSIS; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PUSTULE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; SCHOOL CHILD; SKIN DEFECT; SKIN EXAMINATION; SKIN NODULE; SKIN PENETRATION; SOUTH AMERICA; STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS; SURGICAL TECHNIQUE; TETANUS PROPHYLAXIS; VERRUCA PLANTARIS;

ADULT; AGED; ANIMALS; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; ECTOPARASITIC INFESTATIONS; FEMALE; FLEAS; FOOT; FOOT DISEASES; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; SKIN; TRAVEL;

EID: 34848855488     PISSN: 00119059     EISSN: 13654632     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2007.03280.x     Document Type: Article

References (72)

1. Hoeppli R. Early references to the occurrence of Tunga penetrans in tropical Africa. Acta Trop 1963; 20: 143-153.
2. Reiss F. Tungiasis in New York City. Arch Dermatol 1966; 93: 404-407.
3. Tan-Lim KN, Pluis AHG. Tungiasis. Dermatologica 1971; 143: 245-246.
4. Laugier P, Hunziker N, Orusco M, et al. Tungose africaine. Dermatologica 1975; 150: 222.
5. Goldman L. Tungiasis in travelers from tropical Africa. JAMA 1976; 236: 1386.
6. Reinhardt CA. Ultrastructural comparison of the midgut epithelia of fleas with different feeding behavior patterns (Xenopsylla cheopis, Echidnophaga gallinacea, Tunga penetrans, Siphonaptera, Pulicidae). Acta Trop 1976; 33: 105-132.
7. Bell A, Neely CL, Peeples J. Tungiasis in Tennessee. South Med J 1979; 72: 141-143.
8. Zalar GL, Walther RR. Infestation by Tunga penetrans. Arch Dermatol 1980; 116: 80-81.
9. Brothers WS, Heckmann RA. Tungiasis in North America. Cutis 1980; 25: 636-638.
10. Ade-Serrano MA, Ejezie GC. Prevalence of tungiasis in Oto-Ijanikin village, Badagry, Lagos State, Nigeria. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 1981; 75: 471-472.
11. Cardoso A. Generalized tungiasis treated with thiabendazole. Arch Dermatol 1981; 117: 127.
12. Ejezie GC. The parasitic diseases of school children in Lagos State, Nigeria. Acta Trop 1981; 38: 79-84.
13. Ade-Serrano MA, Olomolehin OG, Adewunmi A. Treatment of human tungiasis with niridazole (Ambilhar) a double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 1982; 76: 89-92.
14. Poppiti R Jr, Kambour M, Robinson MJ, et al. Tunga penetrans in south Florida. South Med J 1983; 76: 1558-1560.
15. Arene FO. The prevalence of sand flea (Tunga penetrans) among primary and post-primary school pupils in Choba area of the Niger Delta. Public Health 1984; 98: 282-283.
16. Sane SY, Satoskar RR. Tungiasis in Maharashtra (a case report). J Postgrad Med 1985; 31: 121-122.
17. Spielman MI, Potter GK, Taubman SM, et al. Pain, pruritus and swelling localized to two toes. Arch Dermatol 1986; 122: 330-333.
18. Wentzell JM, Schwartz BK, Pesce JR. Tungiasis. J Am Acad Dermatol 1986; 15: 117-119.
19. Milgraum SS, Headington JT. A subungual nodule of recent onset. Arch Dermatol 1988; 124: 429-432.
20. Basler EA, Stephens JH, Tschen JA. Tunga penetrans. Cutis 1988; 42: 47-48.
21. Sanusi ID, Brown EB, Shepard TG, et al. Tungiasis report of one case and review of the 14 reported cases in the United States. J Am Acad Dermatol 1989; 20: 941-944.
22. Fimiani M, Reimann R, Alessandrini C, et al. Ultrastructural findings in tungiasis. Int J Dermatol 1990; 29: 220-222.
23. Chadee DD, Furlonge E, Naraynsingh C. Tungiasis in Trinidad: Case report. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1991; 85: 308.
24. Chadee DD, Furlonge E, Naraynsingh C, et al. Distribution and prevalence of Tunga penetrans in coastal south Trinidad, West Indies. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1991; 85: 549.
25. Burke WA, Jones BE, Park HK, et al. Imported tungiasis. Int J Dermatol 1991; 30: 881-883.
26. Trevisan G, Pauluzzi P, Kokelj F. Tungiasis: Report of a case. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 1992; 1: 73-75.
27. Chadee DD. Distribution patterns of Tunga penetrans within a community in Trinidad, West Indies. J Trop Med Hyg 1994; 97: 167-170.
28. Bezerra SM. Tungiasis - an unusual case of severe infestation. Int J Dermatol 1994; 33: 725.
29. Douglas-Jones AG, Llewelyn MB, Mills CM. Cutaneous infection with Tunga penetrans. Br J Dermatol 1995; 133: 125-127.
30. Vennos E, Burke E, Johns C, et al. Tungiasis. Cutis 1995; 56: 206-207.
31. Veraldi S, Camozzi S, Scarabelli G. Tungiasis presenting with sterile pustular lesions on the hand. Acta Derm Venereol 1996; 76: 495.
32. Ibanez-Bernal S, Velasco-Castrejon O. New records of human tungiasis in Mexico (Siphonaptera: Tungidae). J Med Entomol 1996; 33: 988-989.
33. Mashek H, Licznerski B, Pincus S. Tungiasis in New York. Int J Dermatol 1997; 36: 276-278.
34. Chadee DD. Tungiasis among five communities in south-western Trinidad, West Indies. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 1998; 92: 107-113.
35. Veraldi S, Schianchi R. Guess what? Tungiasis. Eur J Dermatol 1999; 9: 57-59.
36. Veraldi S, Carrera C, Schianchi R. Tungiasis has reached Europe. Dermatology 2000; 201: 382.
37. Macías PC, Sashida PM. Cutaneous infestation by Tunga penetrans. Int J Dermatol 2000; 39: 296-298.
38. Gelmetti C, Carrera C, Veraldi S. Tungiasis in a 3-year-old child. Pediatr Dermatol 2000; 17: 293-295.
39. Darmstadt GL, Francis JS. Tungiasis in a young child adopted from South America. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2000; 19: 485-487.
40. Fein H, Naseem S, Witte DP, et al. Tungiasis in North America: A report of 2 cases in internationally adopted children. J Pediatr 2001; 139: 744-746.
41. Heukelbach J, de Oliveira FA, Hesse G, et al. Tungiasis: A neglected health problem of poor communities. Trop Med Int Health 2001; 6: 267-272.
42. Heukelbach J, Wilcke T, Eisele M, et al. Ectopic localization of tungiasis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2002; 67: 214-216.
43. Wilcke T, Heukelbach J, Sabóia Moura RC, et al. High prevalence of tungiasis in a poor neighbourhood in Fortaleza, Northeast Brazil. Acta Trop 2002; 83: 255-258.
44. Smith MD, Procop GW. Typical histologic features of Tunga penetrans in skin biopsies. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2002; 126: 714-716.
45. Fischer P, Schmetz C, Bandi C, et al. Tunga penetrans: Molecular identification of Wolbachia endobacteria and their recognition by antibodies against proteins of endobacteria from filarial parasites. Exp Parasitol 2002; 102: 201-211.
46. Feldmeier H, Heukelbach J, Eisele M, et al. Bacterial superinfection in human tungiasis. Trop Med Int Health 2002; 7: 559-564.
47. Heukelbach J, Mencke N, Feldmeier H. Cutaneous larva migrans and tungiasis: The challenge to control zoonotic ectoparasitoses associated with poverty. Trop Med Int Health 2002; 7: 907-910.
48. Heukelbach J, Eisele M, Jackson A, et al. Topical treatment of tungiasis: A randomized, controlled trial. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 2003; 97: 743-749.
49. Eisele M, Heukelbach J, Van Marck E, et al. Investigations on the biology, epidemiology, pathology and control of Tunga penetrans in Brazil: I. Natural history of tungiasis in man. Parasitol Res 2003; 90: 87-99.
50. Muehlen M, Heukelbach J, Wilcke T, et al. Investigations on the biology, epidemiology, pathology and control of Tunga penetrans in Brazil: II. Prevalence, parasite load and topographic distribution of lesions in the population of a traditional fishing village. Parasitol Res 2003; 90: 449-455.
51. Feldmeier H, Heukelbach J, Eisele M, et al. Investigations on the biology, epidemiology, pathology and control of Tunga penetrans in Brazil: III. Cytokine levels in peripheral blood of infected humans. Parasitol Res 2003; 91: 298-303.
52. Marrero MD, Nagore E, Igual-Adell R, et al. Tungiasis presenting with whitish nodules on the feet. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2003; 17: 247-249.
53. Heukelbach J, van Haeff E, Rump B, et al. Parasitic skin diseases: health care-seeking in a slum in north-east Brazil. Trop Med Int Health 2003; 8: 368-373.
54. Franck S, Feldmeier H, Heukelbach J. Tungiasis: More than an exotic nuisance. Travel Med Infect Dis 2003; 1: 159-166.
55. Feldmeier H, Eisele M, Sabóia-Moura RC, et al. Severe tungiasis in underprivileged communities: Case series from Brazil. Emerg Infect Dis 2003; 9: 949-955.
56. Heukelbach J, Feldmeier H. Ectoparasites - the underestimated realm. Lancet 2004; 363: 889-891.
57. Schwalfenberg S, Witt LH, Kehr JD, et al. Prevention of tungiasis using a biological repellent: A small case series. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 2004; 98: 89-94.
58. Heukelbach J, Franck S, Feldmeier H. High attack rate of Tunga penetrans (Linnaeus 1758) infestation in an impoverished Brazilian community. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2004; 98: 431-434.
59. Bauer J, Forschner A, Garbe C, et al. Dermoscopy of tungiasis. Arch Dermatol 2004; 140: 761-763.
60. Wilcke T, Feldmeier H, Heukelbach J. Severe tungiasis in a patient with Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome. Int J Dermatol 2004; 43: 586-587.
61. Feldmeier H, Eisele M, Van Marck E, et al. Investigations on the biology, epidemiology, pathology and control of Tunga penetrans in Brazil: IV. Clinical and histopathology. Parasitol Res 2004; 94: 275-282.
62. Feldmeier H, Witt L-H, Schwalfenberg S, et al. Investigations on the biology, epidemiology, pathology and control of Tunga penetrans in Brazil: V. Cytokine concentrations in experimentally infected Wistar rats. Parasitol Res 2004; 94: 371-376.
63. Heukelbach J, Bonow I, Witt L, et al. High infection rate of Wolbachia endobacteria in the sand flea Tunga penetrans from Brazil. Acta Trop 2004; 92: 225-230.
64. Heukelbach J, Winter B, Wilcke T, et al. Selective mass treatment with ivermectin to control intestinal helminthiases and parasitic skin diseases in a severely affected population. Bull World Health Organ 2004; 82: 563-571.
65. Romano C, Albanese G, Gianni C. Emerging imported parasitoses in Italy. Eur J Dermatol 2004; 14: 58-60.
66. Heukelbach J, Costa AML, Wilcke T, et al. The animal reservoir of Tunga penetrans in severely affected communities of north-east Brazil. Med Vet Entomol 2004; 18: 329-335.
67. Heukelbach J, Wilcke T, Harms G, et al. Seasonal variation of tungiasis in an endemic community. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2005; 72: 145-149.
68. Bauer J, Forschner A, Garbe C, et al. Variability of dermoscopic features of tungiasis. Arch Dermatol 2005; 141: 643-644.
69. Klimpel S, Mehlhorn H, Heukelbach J, et al. Field trial of the efficacy of a combination of imidacloprid and permethrin against Tunga penetrans (sand flea, jigger flea) in dogs in Brazil. Parasitol Res 2005; 97: S113-S120.
70. Di Stefani A, Rudolph CM, Hofmann-Wellenhof R, et al. An additional dermoscopic feature of tungiasis. Arch Dermatol 2005; 141: 1045-1046.
71. Brane S, Adams B, Bazemore A. Tungiasis in the returning traveler. J Am Acad Dermatol 2005; 52: 1105-1106.
72. Veraldi S, Schianchi R, Cremonesi R. Bullous tungiasis. Int J Dermatol 2005; 44: 1067-1069.