Women are less likely than men to receive prehospital analgesia for isolated extremity injuries

American Journal of Emergency Medicine

Volumn 25, Issue 8, 2007, Pages 901-906

  Michael, Glen E ^a   Sporer, Karl A ^b,c   Youngblood, Glen M ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b SAN FRANCISCO GENERAL HOSPITAL   (United States)

^c Emergency Medical Services Agency   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

MORPHINE; MORPHINE SULFATE;

ANALGESIA; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DRUG DOSE INCREASE; ELECTRONIC MEDICAL RECORD; EMERGENCY CARE; ETHNICITY; FEMALE; HUMAN; LIMB INJURY; LOGISTIC REGRESSION ANALYSIS; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PAIN; PAIN ASSESSMENT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR; SCORING SYSTEM; SEX DIFFERENCE;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; ANALGESIA; ANALGESICS, OPIOID; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ARM INJURIES; EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES; FEMALE; HUMANS; LEG INJURIES; LOGISTIC MODELS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MORPHINE; PAIN; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SEX FACTORS; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS;

EID: 34848832327     PISSN: 07356757     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2007.02.001     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. Abbuhl F.B., and Reed D.B. Time to analgesia for patients with painful extremity injuries transported to the emergency department by ambulance. Prehosp Emerg Care 7 4 (2003) 445-447
2. Hennes H., Kim M.K., and Pirrallo R.G. Prehospital pain management: a comparison of providers' perceptions and practices. Prehosp Emerg Care 9 1 (2005) 32-39
3. McEachin C.C., McDermott J.T., and Swor R. Few emergency medical services patients with lower-extremity fractures receive prehospital analgesia. Prehosp Emerg Care 6 4 (2002) 406-410
4. McLean S.A., Maio R.F., and Domeier R.M. The epidemiology of pain in the prehospital setting. Prehosp Emerg Care 6 4 (2002) 402-405
5. McManus Jr. J.G., and Sallee Jr. D.R. Pain management in the prehospital environment. Emerg Med Clin North Am 23 2 (2005) 415-431
6. White L.J., Cooper J.D., Chambers R.M., and Gradisek R.E. Prehospital use of analgesia for suspected extremity fractures. Prehosp Emerg Care 4 3 (2000) 205-208
7. Biros M.H., Adams J.G., and Cone D.C. Executive summary: disparities in emergency health care. Acad Emerg Med 10 11 (2003) 1153-1154
8. Blanchard J.C., Haywood Y.C., and Scott C. Racial and ethnic disparities in health: an emergency medicine perspective. Acad Emerg Med 10 11 (2003) 1289-1293
9. Cone D.C., Richardson L.D., Todd K.H., Betancourt J.R., and Lowe R.A. Health care disparities in emergency medicine. Acad Emerg Med 10 11 (2003) 1176-1183
10. Richardson L.D., Irvin C.B., and Tamayo-Sarver J.H. Racial and ethnic disparities in the clinical practice of emergency medicine. Acad Emerg Med 10 11 (2003) 1184-1188
11. Smedley B.D., Stith A.Y., and Nelson A.R. Institute of Medicine (U.S.). Committee on Understanding and Eliminating Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Unequal treatment: confronting racial and ethnic disparities in health care (2002), National Academy Press, Washington (DC)
12. United States Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. National healthcare disparities report (2004), U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville (Md)
13. Fuentes E.F., Kohn M.A., and Neighbor M.L. Lack of association between patient ethnicity or race and fracture analgesia. Acad Emerg Med 9 9 (2002) 910-915
14. Heins J.K., Heins A., Grammas M., Costello M., Huang K., and Mishra S. Disparities in analgesia and opioid prescribing practices for patients with musculoskeletal pain in the emergency department. J Emerg Nurs 32 3 (2006) 219-224
15. Tamayo-Sarver J.H., Hinze S.W., Cydulka R.K., and Baker D.W. Racial and ethnic disparities in emergency department analgesic prescription. Am J Public Health 93 12 (2003) 2067-2073
16. Todd K.H., Deaton C., D'Adamo A.P., and Goe L. Ethnicity and analgesic practice. Ann Emerg Med 35 1 (2000) 11-16
17. Todd K.H., Samaroo N., and Hoffman J.R. Ethnicity as a risk factor for inadequate emergency department analgesia. JAMA 269 12 (1993) 1537-1539
18. Raftery K.A., Smith-Coggins R., and Chen A.H. Gender-associated differences in emergency department pain management. Ann Emerg Med 26 4 (1995) 414-421
19. Tamayo-Sarver J.H., Dawson N.V., Hinze S.W., et al. The effect of race/ethnicity and desirable social characteristics on physicians' decisions to prescribe opioid analgesics. Acad Emerg Med 10 11 (2003) 1239-1248
20. Todd K.H., Lee T., and Hoffman J.R. The effect of ethnicity on physician estimates of pain severity in patients with isolated extremity trauma. JAMA 271 12 (1994) 925-928
21. Brice J.H., and Yealy D.M. Socioeconomic status and out-of-hospital delay. Ann Emerg Med 41 4 (2003) 491-493
22. Govindarajan A., and Schull M. Effect of socioeconomic status on out-of-hospital transport delays of patients with chest pain. Ann Emerg Med 41 4 (2003) 481-490
23. United States Census Bureau. Census 2000, summary file 3. Generated by Glen E Michael; using American Factfinder; 2000. .
24. United States Department of Health and Human Services. Annual update of the HHS poverty guidelines. Fed Regist 71 15 (2006) 3848
25. Cochran W.G. Some methods for strengthening the common chi-square tests. Biometrics 10 (1954) 417-451
26. Hosmer D.W., and Lemeshow S. Applied logistic regression. 2nd ed. (2000), New York, Wiley
27. Wiesenfeld-Hallin Z. Sex differences in pain perception. Gend Med 2 3 (2005) 137-145
28. Fullerton-Gleason L., Crandall C., and Sklar D.P. Prehospital administration of morphine for isolated extremity injuries: a change in protocol reduces time to medication. Prehosp Emerg Care 6 4 (2002) 411-416
29. Watkins N. Paediatric prehospital analgesia in Auckland. Emerg Med Australas 18 1 (2006) 51-56