Centennial changes in solar activity and the response of galactic cosmic rays

Advances in Space Research

Volumn 40, Issue 7, 2007, Pages 1078-1086

  Rouillard, A P ^a   Lockwood, M ^a  

^a RUTHERFORD APPLETON LABORATORY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Centennial changes; Galactic cosmic ray modulation; Solar activity

Indexed keywords

DIFFUSION BARRIERS; MAGNETIC FIELD EFFECTS; MAGNETIC FLUX; NUMERICAL METHODS; SOLAR SYSTEM; SOLAR WIND;

CENTENNIAL CHANGES; GALACTIC COSMIC RAY MODULATION; GALACTIC COSMIC RAYS (GCR); PROPAGATING DIFFUSIVE BARRIERS (PDB); SOLAR ACTIVITY;

COSMIC RAYS;

EID: 34548800300     PISSN: 02731177     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.asr.2007.02.096     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. Balogh A., Smith E.J., Tsurutani B.T., Southwood D.J., Forsyth R.J., and Horbury T.S. The heliospheric magnetic field over the south polar region of the Sun. Science 268 5213 (1995) 1007-1010
2. Burlaga L.F., and Ness N.F. Merged interaction regions and large-scale magnetic field fluctuations during 1991: Voyager 2 observations. Journal of Geophysical Research 99 (1994) 19341-19350
3. Caballero-Lopez R.A., Moraal H., McCracken K.G., and McDonald F.B. The heliospheric magnetic field from 850 to 2000 AD inferred from 10Be records. Journal of Geophysical Research 109 (2004) A12
4. Cane H.V., Wibberenz G., Richardson I.G., and von Rosenvinge T.T. Cosmic ray modulation and the solar magnetic field. Geophysical Research Letters 26 5 (1999) 565-568
5. Cliver E.W., Boriakoff V., and Bounar K.H. The 22-year cycle of geomagnetic and slow wind activity. Journal of Geophysical Research 101 A12 (1996) 27091-27109
6. Cliver E., and Ling A. Coronal mass ejections, open magnetic flux, and cosmic ray modulation. Astrophysical Journal 556 (2002) 432-437
7. Cliver, E.W., Svalgaard, L., Ling, A.G. Evidence for a Dominant Russell-McPherron/Rosenberg-Coleman Origin of the Semiannual Variation of Geomagnetic Activity in 1954 and 1996, AGU, American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2002, abstract SM72B-0614, 2002b.
8. Forsyth R.J., Balogh A., Horbury T.S., Erds G., Smith E.J., and Burton M.E. The heliospheric magnetic field at solar minimum: Ulysses observations from pole to pole. Astronomy and Astrophysics 316 (1996) 287-295
9. Foster S., and Lockwood M. Long-term changes in the solar photosphere associated with changes in the coronal source flux. Geophysical Research Letters 28 (2001) 1443-1446
10. Lockwood, Stamper M.R., and Wild M.N. A doubling of the Sun's coronal magnetic field during the last 100 years. Nature 399 (1999) 437-439
11. Lockwood M. Long-term variations in the magnetic fields of the Sun and the heliosphere: their origin, effects, and implications. Journal of Geophysical Research 106 (2001) 16021-16038
12. Lockwood M. Twenty-three cycles of changing open solar magnetic flux. Journal of Geophysical Research 108 (2003) 1128-1143
13. Lockwood M., Forsyth R.B., Balogh A., and McComas D.J. Open solar flux estimates form near-Earth measurements of the interplanetary magnetic field: comparison of the first two perihelion passes of the Ulysses spacecraft. Annales Geophysicae 22 (2004) 1405-1935
14. Lockwood, M., Whiter, D., Hancock, B., Henwood, R., Ulich, T., Linthe, H.J., Clarke, E., Clilverd, M.A. The long-term drift in geomagnetic activity: calibration of the aa index using data from a variety of magnetometer stations, Annales Geophysicae, in press.
15. Lockwood M., Rouillard A.P., Finch I.D., and Stamper R. Comment on 'The IDV index: its derivation and use in inferring long-term variations of the interplanetary magnetic field strength' by Svalgaard and Cliver. Journal of Geophysical Research 111 (2006) A09109
16. McCracken, K.G., Heikkila, B., The cosmic ray intensity between 1933-1965, 28th Cosmic Ray Conference, Tsukuba, Japan, vol. 7, pp. 4117-4120, 2003.
17. McCracken K.G., McDonald F.B., Beer J., Raisbeck G., and Yiou F. A phenomenological study of the long-term cosmic ray modulation 850-1958 AD. Journal of Geophysical Research 109 (2004)
18. McCracken K.G., Beer J., and McDonald F.B. Variations in the cosmic radiation, 1890-1986, and the solar and terrestrial implications. Advances in Space Research 24 (2004) 397-406
19. McCracken, K.G. Changes in the cosmic ray and heliomagnetic components of space climate, 1428-2005, including the variable occurrence of solar energetic particle events, Proc. ISSC2, 109 (A12), Cite ID A12103, 2007.
20. Parker E.N. The passage of energetic charged particles through interplanetary space. Planetary & Space Science (1965) 9-49
21. Rouillard A.P., and Lockwood M. Oscillations in the open solar magnetic flux with period 1.68 years: imprint on galactic cosmic rays and implications for heliospheric shielding. Annales Geophysicae 46 22 (2004) 4381-4395
22. Rouillard A.P., Lockwood M., and Finch I.V. Centennial changes in the solar wind speed and in the open solar flux. Journal of Geophysical Research 112 A5 (2007) A05103 10.1029/2006JA012130
23. Rouillard, A.P., Lockwood, M. Solar wind speed response to enhancements of the non-axisymmetric field: consequences for cosmic ray modulation, Astronomy & Astrophysics, in press.
24. Svalgaard, L., Cliver, E.W. The Solar wind during Grand Minima, Long-term Changes in the Sun and their Effects in the Heliosphere and {divides}Planet Earth, Sanai, Romania, 13-16 September, 2006, Advances in Space Research, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2007.06.066.
25. Wang Y.M., and Sheeley N.R. Magnetic flux transport and the sunspot-cycle evolution of coronal holes and their wind streams. Astrophysical Journal 365 (1990) 372-386
26. Wang Y.M., Sheeley N.R., and Rouillard A.P. Role of the Sun's nonaxisymmetric open flux in cosmic-ray modulation. The Astrophysical Journal 644 1 (2006) 638-645
27. Whang Y.C., Burlaga L.F., Wang Y.M., and Sheeley N.R. Solar wind speed and temperature outside 10 AU and the termination shock. Astrophysical Journal 589 (2003) 635-643
28. Webber W.R., and Lockwood J. Voyager and Pioneer spacecraft measurements of cosmic ray intensities in the outer heliosphere; toward a new paradigm for understanding the global modulation process; 1, Minimum solar modulation (1987 and 1997). Journal of Geophysical Research 106 (2001) 29333-29340