Practical management: Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA): The latest sports epidemic

Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine

Volumn 17, Issue 5, 2007, Pages 393-397

  Benjamin, Holly J ^a,d   Nikore, Vineet ^b   Takagishi, Josh ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO   (United States)

^b MACNEAL HOSPITAL   (United States)

^c CINCINNATI CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^d MC 0810 ^*  (United States)

Author keywords

Athlete infections; Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus; MRSA

Indexed keywords

ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; BETA LACTAM; CHLORAMPHENICOL; CLINDAMYCIN; COTRIMOXAZOLE; DALFOPRISTIN PLUS QUINUPRISTIN; DAPTOMYCIN; DOXYCYCLINE; LINEZOLID; NAFCILLIN; PSEUDOMONIC ACID; RIFAMPICIN; VANCOMYCIN;

ABSCESS DRAINAGE; ATHLETE; BACTERIAL COLONIZATION; BACTERIUM CULTURE; BACTERIUM IDENTIFICATION; COMBINATION CHEMOTHERAPY; DISEASE SEVERITY; DISEASE TRANSMISSION; DRUG EFFICACY; FOLLOW UP; HIGH RISK POPULATION; HUMAN; HYGIENE; IMPETIGO; METHICILLIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS; MONOTHERAPY; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SKIN INFECTION; SOFT TISSUE INFECTION; SPORT; STAPHYLOCOCCUS INFECTION; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED INFECTIONS; DISEASE OUTBREAKS; HUMANS; METHICILLIN RESISTANCE; SPORTS MEDICINE; STAPHYLOCOCCAL INFECTIONS; STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS; UNITED STATES;

EID: 34548680509     PISSN: 1050642X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/JSM.0b013e31814be92b     Document Type: Review

References (40)

1. Benner, EJ Kayeser FH. Growing clinical significance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Lancet. 1968;2:741.
2. CDC. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections among competitive sports participants-Colorado, Indiana, Pennsylvania, and Los Angeles County, 2000-2003. MMWR. 2003;52:793-795.
3. Lowy FD. Staphylococcus aureus infections. N Engl J Med. 1998;339:520-532.
4. Ellis MW, Hospenthal DR, Dooley DP, et al. Natural History of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization and infection in soldiers. Clin Infect Dis. 2004;39:971-979.
5. Dietrich DW, Auld DB, Mermel LA. Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in southern New England children. Pediatrics. 2004;133:e347-e352.
6. CDC website. http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/hip/ARESIST/ca_mrsa_clinician.htm.
7. Lindenmayer JM, Schoenfeld S, O'Grady R, et al. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a high school wrestling team and the surrounding community. Arch Intern Med. 1998;158:895-899.
8. Stacey AR, Endersby KE, Chan PC, et al. An outbreak of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection in a rugby football team. Br J Sports Med. 1998;32:153-154.
9. Kazakova SV, Hageman JC, Matava M, et al. A clone of methicillin- resistant Staphylococcus aureus among professional football players. N Engl J Med. 2005;352:468-475.
10. Hawkes M, Burton M, COnty J, et al. Community-associated MRSA: superbug at our doorstep. CMAJ. 2007;176:54-56.
11. Siberry GK, Tekle T, Carroll K, et al. Failure of clindamycin treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus expressing inducible clindamycin resistance in vitro. Clin Infect Dis. 2003;37:1257-1260.
12. Von Eiff C, Becker K, Machka K, et al. Nasal carriage as a source of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. N Engl J Med. 2001;344:11-16.
13. Herold BC, Immergluck LC, Maranan MC, et al. Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in children with no identified predisposing risk. JAMA. 1998;279:593-598.
14. CDC. Outbreaks of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus skin infections - Los Angeles County, California, 2002-2003. MMWR. 2003;52:88.
15. Kluytmans J, Van Belkum A, Verbrugh H. Nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus: Epidemiology, underlying mechanisms, and associated risks. Clin Microbiol Rev. 1997;10:505-20.
16. Torell E, Molin D, Tano E, et al. Community-acquired pneumonia and bacteraemia in a healthy young woman caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) carrying the genes encoding Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL). Scand J Infect Dis. 2005;37:902-904.
17. Hidron AI, Kourbatova EV, Halvosa JS, et al. Risk Factors for colonization with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in patients admitted to an urban hospital: Emergence of community-associated MRSA nasal carriage. Clin Infect Dis. 2005;41:159-166.
18. Llera JL, Levy RC. Treatment of cutaneous abscess: a double-blind clinical study. Ann Emerg Med. 1985;14:15-19.
19. Lee MC, Rios AM, Aten MF, et al. Management and outcome of children with skin and soft tissue abscesses caused by community-acquired methicillin- resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2004;23:123-127.
20. Leyden JJ. Review of mupirocin ointment in the treatment of impetigo. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 1992;31:549-553.
21. Upton A, Lang S, Heffernan H. Mupirocin and Staphylococcus aureus: a recent paradigm of emerging antibiotic resistance. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2003;51:613-617.
22. Reagan DR, Doebbeling BN, Pfaller MA, et al. Elimination of coincident Staphylococcus aureus nasal and hand carriage with intranasal application of mupirocin calcium ointment. Ann Intern Med. 1991;114:101-106.
23. Doebbeling BN, Reagan DR, Pfaller MA, et al. Long-term efficacy of intranasal mupirocin ointment. A prospective cohort study of Staphylococcus aureus carriage. Arch Intern Med. 1994;154:1505-1508.
24. Turnidge JD, Nimmo GR, Francis G. Evolution of resistance in Staphylococcus aureus in Australian teaching hospitals: Australian Group on Antimicrobial Resistance (AGAR). Med J Aust. 1996;164:68-71.
25. Gosbell, IB. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Impact on dermatology practice. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2004;5:239-259.
26. Marcinak JF, Frank AL. Treatment of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in children. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2003;16:265-269.
27. Frank AL, Marcinak JF, Mangat PD, et al. Clindamycin treatment of methicillin-resistant Stapylococcus aureus infections in children. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2002;21:530-534.
28. Stevens DL, Dotter B, Madaras-Kelly K. A review of linezolid: the first oxazolidinone antibiotic. Expert Rev Anti-infect Ther. 2004;2:51-59.
29. Hussain FM, Boyle-Vavra S, Daum RS. Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization in healthy children attending an outpatient pediatric clinic. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2001;20:763-767.
30. Schreckenberger PC, Ilendo E, Ristow KL. Incidence of constitutive and inducible clindamycin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative Staphylococci in a community and a tertiary hospital. J Clin Microbiol. 2004;42:2777-2779.
31. Sattler CA, Mason EO Jr, Kaplan SL. Prospective comparison of risk factors and demographic an clinical characteristics of community-acquired, methicillin-resistant versus methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus infection in children. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2002;21:910-916.
32. American Academy of Pediatrics. School Health. In: Pickering LK, ed. Red Book: 2003 Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases. 26th ed. Elk Grove Village, IL: American Academy of Pediatric; 2003:143-145.
33. National College Athletic Association. Wrestling rules and interpretations: Appendix D. Indianapolis, IN: National College Athletic Association; 2005.
34. Dorman JM. Contagious diseases in competitive sport: what are the risks? J Am Coll Health. 2000;49:105-109.
35. Howe WB. Preventing infectious disease in sports. The Physician and Sportsmedicine. 2003;31.
36. McBryde ES, Bradley LC, Whitby M, et al. An investigation of contact transmission of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J Hosp Infect. 2004;58:104-108.
37. Wootton SH, Arnold K, Hill HA, et al. Intervention to reduce the incidence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus skin in a correctional facility in Georgia. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2004;25:402-407.
38. National Athletic Trainers' Association Issues Official Statement on Community-Acquired MRSA Infection. March 16, 2005. Available at: www.nata.org/newsrelease/archives/000240.
39. CDC. Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Health-Care Settings. Recommendations of the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee and the HICPAC/SHEA/APIC/IDSA Hand Hygiene Task Force. Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America/Association for Professionals in Infection Control/Infectious Diseases Society of America. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2002;51:RR-16.
40. Begier EM, Frenette K, Barrett NL, et al. A high morbidity outbreak of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus among players on a college football team, facilitated by cosmetic body shaving and turf burns. Clin Infect Dis. 2004;39:1446-1453.