Health hazards caused by second-hand smoke in the hospitality industry;Gesundheitliche risiken durch tabakrauchbelastung in gastronomiebetrieben

Journal fur Verbraucherschutz und Lebensmittelsicherheit

Volumn 2, Issue 3, 2007, Pages 315-322

  Schaller, K ^a   Potschke Langer M ^a  

^a GERMAN CANCER RESEARCH CENTER DKFZ   (Germany)

Author keywords

Health hazards caused by second hand smoke; Hospitality industry; Second hand smoke

Indexed keywords

NICOTIANA TABACUM;

EID: 34548486213     PISSN: 16615751     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00003-007-0194-7     Document Type: Review

References (44)

1. Allwright, S., Paul, G., Greiner, B., Mullally, B. J., Pursell, L., Kelly, A., Bonner, B., D'Eath, M., McConnell, B., McLaughlin, J. P., O.Donovan, D., O'Kane, E. und Perry, I. J. (2005) Legislation for smoke-free workplaces and health of bar workers in Ireland: before and after study. Brit Med J 331:1117-1121.
2. Baker, R. R. (1999) Smoke chemistry. In: Davis, D. L. und Nielsen, M.T. (eds) Production, chemistry and technology. Blackwell Science, Paris, pp. 398-409.
3. Bolte, G., Heitmann, D., Kiranoglu, M., Schiert, R., Diemer, J., Körner, W. und Fromme, H. (2007) Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in German restaurants, pubs and discotheques. J Exposure Sci Environm Epidemiol 17: (im Druck).
4. Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin, Ausschuss für Gefahrstoffe (2005) Technische Regel für Gefahrstoffe 905. Verzeichnis krebserzeugender, erbgutverändernder oder fortpflanzungsgef ährdender Stoffe (TRGS 905). BarBI, 8/9:2-12.
5. California Environmental Protection Agency (1997) Health effects of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke. California Environmental Protection Agency, Sacramento, California.
6. California Environmental Protection Agency (2005) Proposed identification of environmental tobacco smoke as a toxic air contaminant. California Environmental Protection Agency; Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, http://www.oehha.ca.gov/air/environmental_tobacco/2005etsfinal.html.
7. Carrington, J., Gee, I., Watson, A. und Stewart, L. (2001) ETS-RSP particulate marker factors: variation in published factors and application to ETS data from two types of indoor environments. Indoor+Built Environment 10:214-221.
8. Connolly, G. N., Carpenter, C. M., Travers, M., Cummings, K. M., Hyland, A., Mulcahy, M. und Clancy, L. (2006) How Smoke-free laws improve air quality: A global study of Irish Pubs. Office of Tobacco Control, Ireland.
9. Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (1999) Passivrauchen am Arbeitsplatz. Ethanol - Änderung der Einstufung krebserzeugender Arbeitsstoffe. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, New York.
10. Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (2005a) Die Tabakindustriedokumente I: Chemische Veränderungen an Zigaretten und Tabakabh ängigkeit. Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg.
11. Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (2005b) Passivrauchen - ein untersch ätztes Gesundheitsrisiko. Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg.
12. Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (2006) Tabakrauchbelastungen in deutschen Gastronomiebetrieben und in Fernreisezügen. Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg.
13. Djordjevic, M. V., Stellman, S. D. und Zang, E. (2000) Doses of nicotine and lung carcinogens delivered to cigarette smokers. J Nat Cancer Inst 92:106-111.
14. Eriksen, M. P. und Gottlieb, N. H. (1998) A review of the health impact of smoking control at the workplace. Amer J Health Promotion 13:83-104.
15. Farrelly, M. C., Nonnemaker, J. M., Chou, R., Hyland, A., Peterson, K. K. und Bauer, U. E. (2005) Changes in hospitality workers. exposure to secondhand smoke following the implementation of New York's smoke-free law. Tobacco Control 14:236-241.
16. Gallus, S., Pacifici, R., Colombo, P., Scarpino, V., Zuccaro, P., Bosetti, C., Fernandez, E., Apolone, G. und La Vecchia, C. (2006) Prevalence of smoking and attitude towards smoking regulation in Italy, 2004. Eur J Cancer Prev 15:77-81.
17. Gallus, S., Zuccaro, P., Colombo, P., Apolone, G., Pacifici, R., Garattini, S., Bosetti, C. und Carlo La Vecchia, C. (2007) Smoking in Italy 2005-2006: Effects of a comprehensive National Tobacco Regulation. Prev Med, doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2007.03.009.
18. Goodman, P. Agnew, M., McCaffrey, M., Paul, G. und Clancy, L. (2007) Effects of the Irish smoking ban on respiratory health of bar workers and air quality in Dublin pubs. Amer J Respirat Crit Care Med 175:840-845.
19. Hecht, S. S. (1999) Tobacco smoke carcinogens and lung cancer. J Nat Cancer Inst 91:1194-1210.
20. Hoffmann, D., Djordjevic, M. V. und Hoffmann, I. (1997) The changing cigarette. Prev Med 26:427-434.
21. Hoffmann, D. und Wynder, E. L. (1994) Aktives und passives Rauchen. In: Marquardt H. und Schäfer S. G. (eds.) Lehrbuch der Toxikologie. BI Wissenschaftsverlag, Mannheim, pp. 589-605.
22. International Agency for Research on Cancer (1986) Tobacco smoking. IARC Monographs on the evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of chemicals to humans. International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon.
23. International Agency for Research on Cancer (2004) Tobacco Smoke and Involuntary Smoking. IARC Monographs on the evaluation of the carcinogenic risks to humans. International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon.
24. Johansson, J., Olander, L. und Johansson, R. (1993) Long-term test of the effect of room air cleaners on tobacco smoke. Proc Indoor Air 6:387-391.
25. Kommission "Human-Biomonitoring" des Umweltbundesamtes (1998) Stoffmonographie Cadmium - Referenz- und Human-Biomonitoring-(HBM)-Werte. Bundesgesundheitsblatt . Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz 41:218-226.
26. Kotzias, D., Greiss, O., Leva, P., Bellintani, A., Arvanitis, A. und Kephalopoulos, S. (2003) Report on preliminary results on the impact of various air exchange rates on the levels of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) components.
27. Kotzias, D., Greiss, O., Leva, A. Bellintani, A., Arvanitis, A. und Kephalopoulos, S. (2005) Ventilation as a means of controlling exposure workers to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). European Commission Joint Research Centre, Italy, Smoke Free Europe 2005 Conference.
28. Lam, T. H., Ho, L.-M., Hedley, A. J., Adab, P., Fielding, R., McGhee, S. M., Leung, G. M. und Aharonson-Daniel, L. (2005) Secondhand smoke and respiratory ill health in current smokers. Tobacco Control 14:307-314.
29. Menzies, D., Nair, A., Williamson, P. A., Schembri, S., Al-Khairalla, M. Z. H., Barnes, M., Fardon, T. C., McFarlane, L., Magee, G. J. und Lipworth, B. J. (2006) Respiratory symptoms, pulmonary function, and markers of inflammation among bar workers before and after a legislative ban on smoking in public places. J Amer Med Assoc 296:1742-1748.
30. Pion, M. und Givel, M. S. (2004) Airport smoking rooms don't work. Tobacco Control 13:Suppl 1:i37-i40.
31. Repace, J. (2000) Can ventilation control secondhand smoke in the hospitality industry? OSHA Ventilation Workshop Analysis. http:// www.dhs.ca.gov/tobacco/documents/pubs/FedOHSHAets.pdf
32. Repace, J. (2003) An air quality survey of respirable particles and particulate carcinogens in Delaware hospitality venues before and after a smoking ban. http://www.tobaccoscam.ucsf.edu/pdf/RepaceDelaware.pdf
33. Repace, J. L. und Johnson, K. C. (2006) Can Displacement Ventilation Control Secondhand ETS? IAQ Applications/Vol 7 No.4, 7:2-6.
34. Repace, J. (2004a) Estimated mortality from secondhand smoke among club, pub, tavern, and bar workers in New South Wales, Australia. The Cancer Council New South Wales, http://www.repace.com/pdf/NSWReport2004.pdf.
35. Repace, J. (2004b) Respirable particles and carcinogens in the air of Delaware hospitality venues before and after a smoking ban. J Environm Med 46:887-905.
36. Repace, J. L. und Lowrey, A. H. (1980) Indoor air pollution, tobacco smoke, and public health. Sci 208:464-472.
37. Samet, J., Bohanon, H. R., Coultas D. B., Houston, T. P., Persily, A. K., Schoen, L. J., Spengler, J. und Callaway, C. A. (2005) Environmental Tobacco Smoke. Position document approved by ASHRAE board of directors June 30, 2005. Amer Soc of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers. http://www.ashrae.org/content/ASHRAE/ASHRAE/ArticleAltFormat/20058211239_347.pdf
38. Semple, S., Creely, K. S., Naji, A., Miller, B. G. und Ayres, J. G. (2007) Secondhand smoke levels in Scottish pubs: the effect of smokefree legislation. Tobacco Control, 16, 127-132.
39. Skogstad, M., Skogstad, M., Kjærheim, K., Fladseth, G., Gjølstad, M., Daae, H. L., Olsen, R., Molander, P. und Ellingsen, D. G. (2006) Cross shift changes in lung function among bar and restaurant workers before and after implementation of a smoking ban. Occupat Environm Med 63:482-487.
40. The Department of Health and Children (2000) Ireland - a smokefree zone. Towards a tobacco free society. Report of the Tobacco Free policy Review Group. Government of Ireland, Dublin.
41. US Department of Health and Human Services (2006) The health consequences of involuntary exposure to tobacco smoke: a report of the Surgeon General. US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Coordination Center for Health Promotion, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health, Atlanta, Georgia.
42. US Environmental Protection Agency (1992) Respiratory health effects of passive smoking: lung cancer and other disorders. The report of the US Environmental Protection Agency. US Department of Health and Human Services, Environmental Protection Agency, Washington.
43. Wagner, J., Sullivan, D. P., Faulkner, D, Fisk, W. J., Alevantis, L. E., Dod, R. L., Gundel, L. A. und Waldman, J. M. (2004) Environmental tobacco smoke leakage from smoking rooms. J Occupat Environm Hyg 1:110-118.
44. World Health Organization (2007) Policy recommendations on protection from exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke. (In press)