Role of features and second-order spatial relations in face discrimination, face recognition, and individual face skills: Behavioral and functional magnetic resonance imaging data

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

Volumn 19, Issue 9, 2007, Pages 1435-1452

  Rotshtein, Pia ^a,b   Geng, Joy J ^b   Driver, Jon ^b   Dolan, Raymond J ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DATA ANALYSIS; DECISION MAKING; FACE; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; IDENTITY; LEARNING; MALE; NORMAL HUMAN; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PERCEPTION; PERCEPTIVE DISCRIMINATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RECOGNITION; SKILL; STIMULUS; STIMULUS RESPONSE; TASK PERFORMANCE;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; BRAIN; BRAIN MAPPING; DISCRIMINATION (PSYCHOLOGY); FACE; FACIAL EXPRESSION; FEMALE; HUMANS; IMAGE PROCESSING, COMPUTER-ASSISTED; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; OXYGEN; PATTERN RECOGNITION, VISUAL; PHOTIC STIMULATION; SPACE PERCEPTION; STATISTICS, NONPARAMETRIC;

EID: 34548417708     PISSN: 0898929X     EISSN: 15308898     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1162/jocn.2007.19.9.1435     Document Type: Article

References (76)

1. Andersson, J. L., Hutton, C., Ashburner, J., Turner, R., & Friston, K. J. (2001). Modeling geometric deformations in EPI time series. Neuroimage, 13, 903-919.
2. Ashburner, J., & Friston, K. J. (2003a). Rigid body transformation. In R. S. Frackowiak, K. J. Friston, C. Frith, R. J. Dolan, C. Price, S. Zeki, et al. (Eds.), Human brain function (2nd ed., pp. 635-654). Oxford, UK: Academic Press.
3. Ashburner, J., & Friston, K. J. (2003b). Spatial normalization using basis functions. In R. S. Frackowiak, K. J. Friston, C. Frith, R. J. Dolan, C. Price, S. Zeki, et al. (Eds.), Human brain function (2nd ed., pp. 655-672). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
4. Avidan, G., Hasson, U., Hendler, T., Zohary, E., & Malach, R. (2002). Analysis of the neuronal selectivity underlying low fMRI signals. Current Biology, 12, 964-972.
5. Barton, J. J. S., Cherkasova, M. V., Press, D. Z., Intriligator, J. M., & O'Connor, M. (2003). Developmental prosopagnosia: A study of three patients. Brain and Cognition, 51, 12-30.
6. Barton, J. J. S., Press, D. Z., Keenan, J. P., & O'Connor, M. (2002). Lesions of the fusiform face area impair perception of facial configuration in prosopagnosia. Neurology, 58, 71-78.
7. Behrmann, M., & Avidan, G. (2005). Congenital prosopagnosia: Face-blind from birth. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 9, 180-187.
8. Bentin, S., Deouell, L. Y., & Soroker, N. (1999). Selective visual streaming in face recognition: Evidence from developmental prosopagnosia. NeuroReport, 10, 823-827.
9. Benton, A. L., & Van Allen, M. W. (1972). Prosopagnosia and facial discrimination. Journal of Neurological Science, 15, 167-172.
10. Bruce, V., & Young, A. (1986). Understanding face recognition. British Journal of Psychology, 77, 305-327.
11. Burton, A. M., Jenkins, R., Hancock, P. J., & White, D. (2005). Robust representations for face recognition: The power of averages. Cognitive Psychology, 51, 256-284.
12. Carey, S. (1992). Becoming a face expert. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B, Biological Sciences, 335, 95-102.
13. Carey, S., & Diamond, R. (1977). From piecemeal to configurational representation of faces. Science, 195, 312-314.
14. Collishaw, S. M., & Hole, G. J. (2000). Featural and configurational processes in the recognition of faces of different familiarity. Perception, 29, 893-909.
15. de Gelder, B., & Rouw, R. (2000a). Configural face processes in acquired and developmental prosopagnosia: Evidence for two separate face systems? NeuroReport, 11, 3145-3150.
16. de Gelder, B., & Rouw, R. (2000b). Structural encoding precludes recognition of face parts in prosopagnosia. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 17, 89-102.
17. de Gelder, B., & Rouw, R. (2001). Beyond localization: A dynamical dual route account of face recognition. Acta Psychologia, 107, 183-207.
18. De Renzi, E., Faglioni, P., Grossi, D., & Nichelli, P. (1991). Apperceptive and associative forms of prosopagnosia. Cortex, 27, 213-221.
19. Deichmann, R., Gottfried, J. A., Hutton, C., & Turner, R. (2003). Optimized EPI for fMRI studies of the orbitofrontal cortex. Neuroimage, 19, 430-441.
20. Duchaine, B. C., & Nakayama, K. (2006). Developmental prosopagnosia: A window to content-specific face processing. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 16, 166-173.
21. Eger, E., Henson, R. N., Driver, J., & Dolan, R. J. (2004). BOLD repetition decreases in object-responsive ventral visual areas depend on spatial attention. Journal of Neurophysiology, 92, 1241-1247.
22. Eger, E., Schyns, P. G., & Kleinschmidt, A. (2004). Scale invariant adaptation in fusiform face-responsive regions. Neuroimage, 22, 232-242.
23. Eimer, M. (2000). The face-specific N170 component reflects late stages in the structural encoding of faces. NeuroReport, 11, 2319-2324.
24. Farah, M. J., Wilson, K. D., Drain, H. M., & Tanaka, J. R. (1995). The inverted face inversion effect in prosopagnosia: Evidence for mandatory, face-specific perceptual mechanisms. Vision Research, 35, 2089-2093.
25. Farah, M. J., Wilson, K. D., Drain, H. M., & Tanaka, J. N. (1998). What is "special" about face perception? Psychological Review, 105, 482-498.
26. Fink, G. R., Halligan, P. W., Marshall, J. C., Frith, C. D., Frackowiak, R. S., & Dolan, R. J. (1996). Where in the brain does visual attention select the forest and the trees? Nature, 382, 626-628.
27. Friston, K. J., Glaser, D. E., Mechelli, A., Turner, R., & Price, C. (2003). Hemodynamic modeling. In R. S. Frackowiak, K. J. Friston, C. Frith, R. J. Dolan, C. Price, S. Zeki, et al. (Eds.), Human brain function (pp. 823-842). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
28. Friston, K. J., Zarahn, E., Josephs, O., Henson, R. N., & Dale, A. M. (1999). Stochastic designs in event-related fMRI. Neuroimage, 10, 607-619.
29. Gauthier, I., Tarr, M. J., Anderson, A. W., Skudlarski, P., & Gore, J. C. (1999). Activation of the middle fusiform "face area" increases with expertise in recognizing novel objects. Nature Neuroscience, 2, 568-573.
30. George, N., Dolan, R. J., Fink, G. R., Baylis, G. C., Russel, C., & Driver, J. (1999). Contrast polarity and face recognition in the human fusiform gyrus. Nature Neuroscience, 2, 574-580.
31. Goshen-Gottstein, Y., & Ganel, T. (2000). Repetition priming for familiar and unfamiliar faces in a sex-judgment task: Evidence for a common route for the processing of sex and identity. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 26, 1198-1214.
32. Grill-Spector, K., Henson, R., & Martin, A. (2006). Repetition and the brain: Neural models of stimulus-specific effects. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 10, 14-23.
33. Hancock, P. J., Bruce, V., & Burton, M. A. (1998). A comparison of two computer-based face identification systems with human perceptions of faces. Vision Research, 38, 2277-2288.
34. Hasson, U., Harel, M., Levy, I., & Malach, R. (2003). Large-scale mirror-symmetry organization of human occipito-temporal areas. Neuron, 37, 1027-1041.
35. Henson, R. N., Goshen-Gottstein, Y., Ganel, T., Otten, L. J., Quayle, A., & Rugg, M. D. (2003). Electrophysiological and haemodynamic correlates of face perception, recognition and priming. Cerebral Cortex, 13, 793-805.
36. Henson, R. N., & Rugg, M. D. (2003). Neural response suppression, haemodynamic repetition effects, and behavioural priming. Neuropsychologia, 41, 263-270.
37. Henson, R. N., Shallice, T., & Dolan, R. J. (2000). Neuroimaging evidence for dissociable forms of repetition priming. Science, 287, 1269-1272.
38. Henson, R. N., Shallice, T., Gorno-Tempini, M. L., & Dolan, R. J. (2002). Face repetition effects in implicit and explicit memory tests as measured by fMRI. Cerebral Cortex, 12, 178-186.
39. Jiang, X., Rosen, E., Zeffiro, T., Vanmeter, J., Blanz, V., & Riesenhuber, M. (2006). Evaluation of a shape-based model of human face discrimination using FMRI and behavioral techniques. Neuron, 50, 159-172.
40. Josephs, O., Deichmann, R., & Turner, R. (2000). Trajectory measurement and generalised reconstruction in rectilinear EPI. Neuroimage, 11, S543.
41. Joubert, S., Felician, O., Barbeau, E., Sontheimer, A., Barton, J. J. S., Ceccaldi, M., et al. (2003). Impaired configurational processing in a case of progressive prosopagnosia associated with predominant right temporal lobe atrophy. Brain, 126, 2537-2550.
42. Kanwisher, N., McDermott, J., & Chun, M. M. (1997). The fusiform face area: A module in human extrastriate cortex specialized for face perception. Journal of Neuroscience, 17, 4302-4311.
43. Kiebel, S., & Holmes, A. (2003). The general linear model. In R. S. Frackowiak, K. J. Friston, C. Frith, R. J. Dolan, C. Price, S. Zeki, et al. (Eds.), Human brain function (2nd ed., pp. 725-760). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
44. Kourtzi, Z., Betts, L. R., Sarkheil, P., & Welchman, A. E. (2005). Distributed neural plasticity for shape learning in the human visual cortex. PLoS Biology, 3, e204.
45. Kourtzi, Z., & Kanwisher, N. (2000). Representation of perceived object shape by the human lateral occipital complex. Science, 293, 1506-1509.
46. Leder, H., Candrian, G., Huber, O., & Bruce, V. (2001). Configural features in the context of upright and inverted faces. Perception, 30, 73-83.
47. Le Grand, R., Mondloch, C. J., Maurer, D., & Brent, H. P. (2001). Neuroperception: Early visual experience and face processing. Nature, 410, 890.
48. Lerner, Y., Hendler, T., Harel, M., & Malach, R. (2001). A hierarchical axis of object processing stages in the human visual cortex. Cerebral Cortex, 11, 287-297.
49. Levine, D. N., & Calvanio, R. (1989). Prosopagnosia: A defect in visual configural processing. Brain and Cognition, 10, 149-170.
50. Levy, I., Hasson, U., Avidan, G., Hendler, T., & Malach, R. (2001). Center-periphery organization of human object areas. Nature Neuroscience, 4, 533-539.
51. Lewis, C. (1865). Alice's adventures in wonderland. London: Macmillan.
52. Lundqvist, D., & Litton, J. E. (1998). The Averaged Karolinska Directed Emotional Faces - AKDEF [CD-ROM]. Stockholm, Sweden: Karolinska Institutet, Psychology Section.
53. Malach, R., Levy, I., & Hasson, U. (2002). The topography of high-order human object areas. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 6, 176-184.
54. Maurer, D., Le Grand, R., & Mondloch, C. J. (2002). The many faces of configural processing. Trends in Cognitive Science, 6, 255-260.
55. McCarthy, G., Puce, A., Belger, A., & Allison, T. (1999). Electrophysiological studies of human face perception. II: Response properties of face-specific potentials generated in occipitotemporal cortex. Cerebral Cortex, 9, 431-444.
56. Moscovitch, M., Winocur, G., & Behrmann, M. (1997). What is special about face recognition? Nineteen experiments on a person with visual object agnosia and dyslexia but normal face recognition. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 9, 555-604.
57. Penny, W., Holmes, A., & Friston, K. J. (2003). Random effects analysis. In R. S. Frackowiak, K. J. Friston, C. Frith, R. J. Dolan, C. Price, S. Zeki, et al. (Eds.), Human brain function (2nd ed., pp. 843-860). London, UK: Academic Press.
58. Perrett, D. I., Hietanen, J. K., Oram, M. W., & Benson, P. J. (1992). Organization and functions of cells responsive to faces in the temporal cortex. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B, Biological Sciences, 335, 23-30.
59. Rhodes, G. (1988). Looking at faces: First-order and second-order features as determinates of facial appearance. Perception, 17, 43-63.
60. Rhodes, G., Carey, S., Byatt, G., & Proffitt, F. (1998). Coding spatial variations in faces and simple shapes: A test of two models. Vision Research, 38, 2307-2321.
61. Riesenhuber, M., Jarudi, I., Gilad, S., & Sinha, P. (2004). Face processing in humans is compatible with a simple shape-based model of vision. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B, Biological Sciences, 271, S448-S450.
62. Robertson, L. C., Lamb, M. R., & Knight, R. T. (1988). Effects of lesions of temporal-parietal junction on perceptual and attentional processing in humans. Journal of Neuroscience, 8, 3757-3769.
63. Rossion, B., Dricot, L., Devolder, A., Bodart, J. M., Crommelinck, M., de Gelder, B., et al. (2000). Hemispheric asymmetries for whole-based and part-based face processing in the human fusiform gyrus. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 12, 793-802.
64. Rotshtein, P., Henson, R. N., Treves, A., Driver, J., & Dolan, R. J. (2005). Morphing Marilyn into Maggie dissociates physical and identity face representations in the brain. Nature Neuroscience, 8, 107-113.
65. Sagiv, N., & Bentin, S. (2001). Structural encoding of human and schematic faces: Holistic and part based processes. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 13, 937-951.
66. Saumier, D., Arguin, M., & Lassonde, M. (2001). Prosopagnosia: A case study involving problems in processing configural information. Brain and Cognition, 46, 255-259.
67. Sergent, J. (1984). An investigation into component and configural processes underlying face perception. British Journal of Psychology, 75, 221-242.
68. Sergent, J., & Signoret, J. L. (1992). Varieties of functional deficits in prosopagnosia. Cerebral Cortex, 2, 375-388.
69. Snodgrass, J. G., & Corwin, J. (1988). Pragmatics of measuring recognition memory: Applications to dementia and amnesia. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 117, 34-50.
70. Tanaka, J. W., & Farah, M. J. (1991). Second-order relational properties and the inversion effect: Testing a theory of face perception. Perception & Psychophysics, 50, 367-372.
71. Tanaka, J. W., & Farah, M. J. (1993). Parts and wholes in face recognition. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, Series A, Human Experimental Psychology, 46, 225-245.
72. Tanaka, J. W., & Sengco, J. A. (1997). Features and their configuration in face recognition. Memory & Cognition, 25, 583-592.
73. Warrington, E. K., & James, M. (1967). An experimental investigation of facial recognition in patients with unilateral cerebral lesions. Cortex, 3, 317-326.
74. Winston, J. S., Henson, R. N., Fine-Goulden, M. R., & Dolan, R. J. (2004). fMRI-adaptation reveals dissociable neural representations of identity and expression in face perception. Journal of Neurophysiology, 92, 1830-1839.
75. Yovel, G., & Duchaine, B. C. (2006). Specialized face perception mechanisms extract both part and spacing information: Evidence from developmental prosopagnosia. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 18, 580-593.
76. Yovel, G., & Kanwisher, N. (2004). Face perception: Domain specific, not process specific. Neuron, 44, 889-898.