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The used ultrasonic probe was a Branson 20 kHz digital sonifer or a Ultrasons Annemasse S.A. 30 kHz probe. Acoustic powers were determined by calorimetry.17 1H and 13C NMR spectra were recorded on a Bruker AMX 200 MHz spectrometer. IR analyses were performed on an ATI Mattson Genesis Series FTIR instrument. All precursor products are commercially available and were used without further purification. Potassium salts (1 equiv, alkyl bromide (1 equiv) and nitrogen-bearing heterocycles were introduced in a 25-mL cooling-jacket glass reactor. H2O was added when 1-bromobutane was used as alkyl bromide. The medium was sonicated at 20 kHz or 30 kHz for the times and at the temperatures and acoustic powers listed in Tables 1 and 3-5. A heat-conducting fluid was used in the cooling jacket to maintain the overall temperature at about 80°C during the experiments. The final mixture was then poured into acetone and filtered through Celite. Acetone was
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2O was observed in the IR spectra.
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17
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0030283945
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