Inverse relation of C-reactive protein levels to heart rate variability in patients after acute myocardial infarction

Hellenic Journal of Cardiology

Volumn 48, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 64-71

  Psychari, Stavroula N ^a,c   Apostolou, Thomas S ^a   Iliodromitis, Efstathios K ^c   Kourakos, Petros ^a   Liakos, Georgios ^a,b   Kremastinos, Dimitrios T ^a,b  

^a Nikea General Hospital Athens   (Greece)

^b NATIONAL AND KAPODISTRIAN UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS   (Greece)

^c NONE

Author keywords

Autonomic tone; Creactive protein; Inflammation; Myocardial infarction

Indexed keywords

C REACTIVE PROTEIN; CREATINE KINASE MB; TROPONIN I; BIOLOGICAL MARKER; CREATINE KINASE;

ACUTE HEART INFARCTION; ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; AUTONOMIC INNERVATION; AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM; CONTROLLED STUDY; ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; FEMALE; HEART LEFT VENTRICLE FUNCTION; HEART RATE VARIABILITY; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; ST SEGMENT ELEVATION; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; BLOOD; ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY; HEART INFARCTION; HEART MUSCLE CONDUCTION SYSTEM; HEART RATE; HEART STROKE VOLUME; METABOLISM; METHODOLOGY; MIDDLE AGED; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; STATISTICAL MODEL;

AGED; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; CREATINE KINASE; CREATINE KINASE, MB FORM; ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY, AMBULATORY; FEMALE; HEART CONDUCTION SYSTEM; HEART RATE; HUMANS; LINEAR MODELS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RESEARCH DESIGN; STROKE VOLUME; TROPONIN I; VENTRICULAR FUNCTION, LEFT;

EID: 34548088922     PISSN: 10117970     EISSN: 10117970     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Bigger TJ Jr, Fleiss JL, Steinman RC, et al: Frequency domain measures of heart period variability and mortality after myocardial infarction. Circulation 1992; 85: 164-171.
2. Spinnler MT, Lombardi F, Moretti C, et al: Evidence of functional alterations in sympathetic activity after myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 1993; 14: 1334-1343.
3. Zipes DP, Wellens HJJ: Sudden cardiac death. Circulation 1998; 98: 2334-2351.
4. La Rovere MT, Bigger JT Jr, Marcus FI, Mortara A, Schwartz PJ and the ATRAMI investigators: Baroreflex sensitivity and heart-rate variability in prediction of total cardiac mortality after myocardial infarction. Lancet 1998; 351: 478-484.
5. Dekker JM, Crow RS, Folsom AR, et al: Low heart rate variability in a 2-minute rhythm strip predicts risk of coronary heart disease and mortality from several causes. The ARIC study. Circulation 2000; 102: 1239-1244.
6. Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology: Heart rate variability: standards of measurement, physiological interpretation and clinical use. Circulation 1996; 93: 1043-1065.
7. Ross R: Atherosclerosis - An inflammatory disease. N Engl J Med 1999; 340: 115-126.
8. Ridker PM, Rifai N, Pfeffer MA, et al, for the Cholesterol and Recurrent Events (CARE) Investigators: Inflammation, pravastatin and the risk of coronary events after myocardial infarction in patients with average cholesterol levels. Circulation 1998; 98: 839-844.
9. Pietilä KO, Harmoinent AP, Jokiniitty J, et al: Serum C-reactive protein concentration in acute myocardial infarction and its relationship to mortality during 24 months of follow-up in patients under thrombolytic treatment. Eur Heart J 1996; 17: 1345-1349.
10. Lagrant WK, Visser CA, Hermens WT, et al: C-reactive protein as a cardiovascular risk factor. More than an epiphenomenon? Circulation 1999; 100: 96-102.
11. Yeh ET, Anderson V, Pasceri V, et al: C-reactive protein. Linking inflammation to cardiovascular complications. Circulation 2001; 104: 974-975.
12. Neumann FJ, Ott I, Gawaz M, et al: Cardiac release of cytokines and inflammatory responses in acute myocardial infarction. Circulation 1995; 92: 748-755.
13. März P, Cheng JG, Gadient RA, et al: Sympathetic neurons can produce and respond to interleukin 6. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1998; 95: 3251-3256.
14. März P, Gadient RA, Otten U: Expression of interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) and gp130 mRNA in PC12 cells and sympathetic neurons: modulation by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). Brain Res 1996; 706: 71-79.
15. Lombardi F: Sympathetic activation and sub-clinical inflammation: a new combination to identify high risk subjects. Eur Heart J 2004; 25: 359-360.
16. Jansky I, Ericson M, Lekander M, et al: Inflammatory markers and heart rate variability in women with coronary artery disease. J Intern Med 2004; 256: 421-428.
17. Lanza GA, Sguelia GA, Cianflone D, et al: Relation of heart rate variability to serum levels of C-reactive protein in patients with unstable angina pectoris. Am J Cardiol 2006; 97: 1702-1706.
18. Vollmer RT, Christenson RH, Reimer K, et al: Temporal creatine kinase curves in acute myocardial infarction. Am J Clin Pathol 1993; 100: 293-298.
19. Ridker PM, Hennekens CH, Buring JE, et al: C-reactive protein and other markers of inflammation in the prediction of cardiovascular disease in women. N Engl J Med 2000; 342: 836-843.
20. Liuzzo G, Biasucci LM, Gallimore JR, et al: The prognostic value of C-reactive protein and serum amyloid A protein in severe unstable angina. N Engl J Med 1994; 331: 417-424.
21. Ridker PM, Rifai N, Clearfield M, et al, for the Air Force/TEXAS Coronary Atherosclerosis Prevention Study Investigators: Measurement of C-reactive protein for the targeting of statin therapy in the primary prevention of acute coronary events. N Engl J Med 2001; 344: 1959-1965.
22. Le J, Vilcek J: Interleukin 6: a multifunctional cytokine regulating immune reactions and the acute phase protein response. Lab Invest 1989; 61: 588-602.
23. Elencov IJ, Wilder RL, Chroussos GP, et al: The sympathetic nerve - an integrative interface between two supersystems: the brain and the immune system. Pharmacol Rev 2000; 52: 595-638.
24. DeRijk RH, Boelen A, Tilders FJ, et al: Induction of plasma interleukin-6 by circulating adrenaline in rat. Psychoneuroendocrinology 1994; 19: 155-163.
25. Madden KS, Felten SY, Felten DL: Sympathetic nervous system modulation of the immune system. Induction of lymphocyte proliferation and migration in vivo by chemical sympathectomy. J Neuroimmunol 1994; 49: 67-75.
26. Papanicolaou DA, Petrides JS, Tsigos C, et al: Exercise stimulates interleukin-6 secretion. Inhibition by glucocorticoids and correlation with catecholamines. Am J Physiol 1996; 271: E601-E605.
27. Papanicolaou DA, Wilder RL, Manolagas SC, et al: The pathophysiologic roles of interleukin-6 in human disease. Ann Intern Med 1998; 128: 127-137.
28. Elvan A, Rubart M, Zipes DP: NO modulates autonomic effects on sinus discharge rate and AV nodal conduction in open-chest dogs. Am J Physiol 1997; H263- H271.
29. Chowdhary S, Vaile JC, Fletcher J, et al: Nitric oxide and cardiac autonomic control in humans. Hypertension 2000; 36: 264-269.
30. Toussirot E, Bahjaoui-Bouhhadi M, Poncet JC, et al: Abnormal autonomic cardiovascular control in ankylosing spondylitis. Ann Rheum Dis 1999; 58: 481-487.
31. Aronson D, Mittleman MA, Burger AJ: Interleukin-6 levels are inversely correlated with heart rate variability in patients with decompensated heart failure. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2001; 12: 294-300.
32. Psychari SN, Sinos L, Iatrou C, et al: Relations of inflammatory markers to lipid levels and autonomic tone in patients with moderate and severe chronic kidney disease and in patients under maintenance hemodialysis. Clin Nephrol 2005; 64: 419-427.
33. Sajadieh A, Nielsen O W, Rasmussen V, et al: Increased heart rate and reduced heart rate variability are associated with subclinical inflammation in middle-aged and elderly subjects with no apparent heart disease. Eur Heart J 2004; 25: 363-370.
34. Tsuji H, Venditti FJ Jr, Manders ES, et al: Determinants of heart rate variability. J Am Coll Cardiol 1996; 28: 1539-1546.
35. Malpas SC, Maling TJB: Heart rate variability and cardiac autonomic function in diabetes. Diabetes 1990; 39: 1177-1181.
36. Sadrone G, Mortara A, Torzillo D, et al: Effects of beta blockers (atenolol or metoprolol) on heart rate variability after acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 1994; 74: 340-345.