Leaf traits and leaf life spans of two xeric-adapted palmettos

American Journal of Botany

Volumn 94, Issue 8, 2007, Pages 1297-1308

  Abrahamson, Warren G ^a,b  

^a BUCKNELL UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b ARCHBOLD BIOLOGICAL STATION   (United States)

Author keywords

Arecaceae; Florida; Leaf life span; Leaf number; Leaf size; Light availability; Plant size; Sabal etonia; Serenoa repens; Xeric scrub vegetation

Indexed keywords

ADAPTATION; CANOPY; DATA SET; LEAF AREA; MONOCOTYLEDON; MORPHOLOGY; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; PHYLOGENETICS; SYMPATRY; VEGETATION;

FLORIDA [UNITED STATES]; NORTH AMERICA; UNITED STATES;

ARECACEAE; SABAL; SABAL ETONIA; SERENOA REPENS;

EID: 34548050728     PISSN: 00029122     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3732/ajb.94.8.1297     Document Type: Article

References (78)

1. ABRAHAMSON, W. G. 1995. Habitat distribution and competitive neighborhoods of two Florida palmettos. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 122: 1-14.
2. ABRAHAMSON, W. G. 1999. Episodic reproduction in two fire-prone palms, Serenoa repens and Sabal etonia (Palmae). Ecology 80: 100-115.
3. ABRAHAMSON, W. G., AND C. R. ABRAHAMSON. 2002. Persistent palmettos: effects of the 2000-2001 drought on Serenoa repens and Sabal etonia. Florida Scientist 65: 281-292.
4. ABRAHAMSON, W. G., AND C. R. ABRAHAMSON. 2006. Post-fire canopy recovery in two fire-adapted palms, Serenoa repens and Sabal etonia (Arecaceae). Florida Scientist 69: 69-79.
5. ABRAHAMSON, W. G., AND D. C. HARTNETT. 1990. Pine flatwoods and dry prairies. In R. L. Myers and J. J. Ewel [eds.], Ecosystems of Florida, 103-149. University of Central Florida Press, Orlando, Florida, USA.
6. ABRAHAMSON, W. G., A. F. JOHNSON, J. N. LAYNE, AND P. A. PERONI. 1984. Vegetation of the Archbold Biological Station, Florida: an example of the southern Lake Wales Ridge. Florida Scientist 47: 209-250.
7. ACKERLY, D. 1999. Self-shading, carbon gain and leaf dynamics: a test of alternative optimality models. Oecologia 119: 300-310.
8. ACKERLY, D. D. 2004. Adaptation, niche conservatism, and convergence: comparative studies of leaf evolution in the California chaparral. American Naturalist 163: 654-671.
9. ACKERLY, D. D., AND M. J. DONOGHUE. 1998. Leaf size, sapling allometry, and Corner's rules: phylogeny and correlated evolution in maples (Acer). American Naturalist 152: 767-791.
10. ACKERLY, D. D., S. A. DUDLEY, S. E. SULTAN, J. SCHMITT, J. S. COLEMAN, C. R. LINDER, D. R. SUNDQUIST, M. A. GEBER, A. S. EVANS, T. E. DAWSON, AND M. J. LECHOWICZ. 2000. The evolution of plant ecophysiological traits: recent advances and future directions. BioScience 50: 979-995.
11. ACKERLY, D. D., C. A. KNIGHT, S. B. WEISS, K. BARTON, AND K. P. STARMER. 2002. Leaf size, specific leaf area and microhabitat distribution of chaparral woody plants: contrasting patterns in species level and community level analyses. Oecologia 130: 449-457.
12. ACKERLY, D. D., AND P. B. REICH. 1999. Convergence and correlations among leaf size and function in seed plants: a comparative test using independent contrasts. American Journal of Botany 86: 1272-1281.
13. ATAROFF, M., AND T. SCHWARZKOPF. 1992. Leaf production, reproductive patterns, field germination and seedling survival in Chamaedorea bartlingiana, a dioecious understory palm. Oecologia 92: 250-256.
14. BROOKS, H. K. 1981. Physiographic divisions of Florida. Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Science, University of Florida (map and guide), Gainesville, Florida, USA.
15. CARRINGTON, M. E., AND J. J. MULLAHEY. 2006. Effects of burning season and frequency on saw palmetto (Serenoa repens) flowering and fruiting. Forest Ecology and Management 230: 69-78.
16. CHABOT, B. F., AND D. J. HICKS. 1982. The ecology of leaf life spans. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 13: 229-259.
17. CHAPIN, F. S. III. 1980. The mineral nutrition of wild plants. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 13: 233-260.
18. CHAZDON, R. L. 1985. Leaf display, canopy structure, and light interception of two understory palm species. American Journal of Botany 72: 1493-1502.
19. CHAZDON, R. L. 1986. The costs of leaf support in understory palms: economy versus safety. American Naturalist 127: 9-30.
20. CHAZDON, R. L. 1992. Patterns of growth and reproduction of Geonoma congesta, a clustered understory palm. Biotropica 24: 43-51.
21. CLEWELL, A. F. 1985. Guide to the vascular plants of the Florida panhandle. Florida State University Press, Tallahassee, Florida, USA.
22. COLEY, P. D. 1988. Effect of plant growth rate and leaf lifetime on the amount and type of anti-herbivore defense. Oecologia 74: 531-536.
23. CORNER, E. J. H. 1966. The natural history of palms. University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, California, USA.
24. CUNNINGHAM, S. A. 1997. The effect of light environment, leaf area, and stored carbohydrates on inflorescence production by a rain forest understory palm. Oecologia 111: 36-44.
25. CUNNINGHAM, S. A., B. SUMMERHAYES, AND M. WESTOBY. 1999. Evolutionary divergences in leaf structure and chemistry, comparing rainfall and soil nutrient gradients. Ecology 69: 569-588.
26. DECARVALHO, R. M., F. R. MARTINS, AND F. A. M. SANTOS. 1999. Leaf ecology of pre-reproductive ontogenetic stages of the palm tree Euterpe edulis Mart. (Arecaceae). Annals of Botany 83: 225-233.
27. 2-gas exchange parameters of palm seedlings (Washingtonia filifera and Serenoa repens). Acta Ecologica/Ecologia Plantarum 1: 299-305.
28. DRANSFIELD, J., N. W. UHL, C. B. ASMUSSEN, W. J. BAKER, M. M. HARLEY, AND C. E. LEWIS. 2005. A new phylogenetic classification of the palm family, Arecaceae. KEW Bulletin 60: 559-569.
29. ESCUDERO, A., J. M. DEL ARCO, I. C. SANZ, AND J. AYALA. 1992. Effect of leaf longevity and retranslocation efficiency on the retention time of nutrients in the leaf biomass of different woody species. Oecologia 90: 80-87.
30. FIELD, C., AND H. A. MOONEY. 1983. Leaf age and seasonal effects on light, water, and nitrogen use efficiency in a California shrub. Oecologia 56: 348-355.
31. FLORA OF NORTH AMERICA EDITORIAL COMMITTEE. 1997. Flora of North America north of Mexico, vol. 3. Magnoliophyta: Magnoliidae and Hamamelidae. Oxford University Press, New York, New York, USA.
32. FLORA OF NORTH AMERICA EDITORIAL COMMITTEE. 2000. Flora of North America north of Mexico, vol. 22. Magnoliophyta: Alismatidae, Arecidae, Commelinidae (in Part), and Zingiberidae. Oxford University Press, New York, New York, USA.
33. GHOLZ, H. L., D. N. GUERIN, AND W. P. CROPPER. 1999. Phenology and productivity of saw palmetto (Serenoa repens) in a north Florida slash pine plantation. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 29: 1248-1253.
34. GIVNISH, T. J. 1979. On the adaptive significance of leaf form. In O. T. Solbrig, S. Jain, G. B. Johnson, and P. H. Raven [eds.], Topics in plant population biology, 375-407. Macmillan, London, UK.
35. GIVNISH, T. J. 1986. On the economy of plant form and function. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
36. GIVNISH, T. J., AND G. J. VERMEIJ. 1976. Sizes and shapes of liane leaves. American Naturalist 110: 743-778.
37. HENDERSON, A. 2002. Evolution and ecology of palms. New York Botanical Garden Press, New York, New York, USA.
38. HENDERSON, A., G. GALEANO, AND R. BERNAL. 1995. Serenoa. In A. Henderson, G. Galeano, and R. Bernal [eds.], Palms of the Americas, 53-54. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.
39. HESSE, I. D., AND W. H. CONNER. 1996. Leaf production of Sabal minor (Jacq.) pers. in a Louisiana forested wetland. Gulf of Mexico Science 14: 7-10.
40. HILMON, J. B. 1969. Autecology of saw palmetto (Serenoa repens (Batr.) Small). Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Botany, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
41. KARLSSON, P. S. 1992. Leaf longevity in evergreen shrubs: variation within and among European species. Oecologia 91: 346-349.
42. KIKUZAWA, K. 1991. A cost-benefit analysis of leaf habit and leaf longevity of trees and their geographical pattern. American Naturalist 138: 1250-1263.
43. KIKUZAWA, K. 1995. The basis for variation in leaf longevity of plants. Vegetatio 121: 89-100.
44. LAYNE, J. N., AND W. G. ABRAHAMSON. 2004. Long-term trends in annual reproductive output of the scrub hickory: Factors influencing variation in size of nut crop. American Journal of Botany 91: 1378-1386.
45. MENGES, E. S. 1999. Ecology and conservation of Florida scrub. In R. C. Anderson, J. S. Fralish, and J. Baskin [eds.], The savanna, barren, and rock outcrop communities of North America, 7-22. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
46. MONK, C. D. 1966. An ecological significance of evergreenness. Ecology 47: 504-505.
47. MYERS, R. L. 1990. Scrub and high pine. In R. L. Myers and J. J. Ewel [eds.], Ecosystems of Florida, 150-193. University of Central Florida Press, Orlando, Florida, USA.
48. NIINEMETS, Ü., A. PORTSMUTH, AND M. TOBIAS. 2006. Leaf size modifies support biomass distribution among stems, petioles and mid-ribs in temperate plants. New Phytologist 171: 91-104.
49. PARKHURST, D. F., AND O. LOUCKS. 1972. Optimal leaf size in relation to environment. Journal of Ecology 60: 505-537.
50. PASSARGE, J., S. HOL, M. ESCHER, AND J. HUISMAN. 2006. Competition for nutrients and light: stable coexistence, alternative stable states, or competitive exclusion? Ecological Monographs 76: 57-72.
51. PEARCY, R. W., H. MURAOKA, AND F. VALLADARES. 2005. Crown architecture in sun and shade environments: assessing function and trade-offs with a three-dimensional simulation model. New Phytologist 166: 791-800.
52. PEARCY, R. W., F. VALLADARES, S. J. WRIGHT, AND E. LASSO DE PAULIS. 2004. A functional analysis of the crown architecture of tropical forest Psychotria species: do species vary in light capture efficiency and consequently in carbon gain and growth? Oecologia 139: 163-177.
53. PICKUP, M., M. WESTOBY, AND A. BASDEN. 2005. Dry mass costs of deploying leaf area in relation to leaf size. Functional Ecology 19: 88-97.
54. POORTER, L. L., AND F. BONGERS. 2006. Leaf traits are good predictors of plant performance across 53 rain forest species. Ecology 87: 1733-1743.
55. POORTER, L., L. BONGERS, AND F. BONGERS. 2006. Architecture of 54 moist-forest tree species: traits, trade-offs, and functional groups. Ecology 87: 1289-1301.
56. REICH, P. B., C. UHL, M. B. WALTERS, AND D. S. ELLSWORTH. 1991. Leaf lifespan as a determinant of leaf structure and function among 23 Amazonian tree species. Oecologia 86: 16-24.
57. REICH, P. B., C. UHL, M. B. WALTERS, AND D. S. ELLSWORTH. 1997. From tropics to tundra: global convergence in plant functioning. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 94: 13730-13734.
58. REICH, P. B., C. UHL, M. B. WALTERS, L. PRUGH, AND D. S. ELLSWORTH. 2004. Leaf demography and phenology in Amazonian rain forest: a census of 40 000 leaves of 23 tree species. Ecological Monographs 74: 3-23.
59. REICH, P. B., M. B. WALTERS, AND D. S. ELLSWORTH. 1992. Leaf life-span in relation to leaf, plant, and stand characteristics among diverse ecosystems. Ecological Monographs 62: 365-392.
60. RICE, W. R. 1989. Analyzing tables of statistical tests. Evolution 43: 223-225.
61. SHIPLEY, B., M. J. LECHOWICZ, I. WRIGHT, AND P. B. REICH. 2006a. Fundamental trade-offs generating the worldwide leaf economics spectrum. Ecology 87: 535-541.
62. SHIPLEY, B., D. VILE, AND É. GARNIER. 2006b. From plant traits to plant communities: a statistical mechanistic approach to biodiversity. Science 314: 812-814.
63. STERCK, F. J., L. POORTER, AND F. SCHIEVING. 2006. Leaf traits determine the growth-survival trade-off across rain forest tree species. American Naturalist 167: 758-765.
64. SUN, S., D. JIN, AND P. SHI. 2006. The leaf size-twig size spectrum of temperate woody species along an altitudinal gradient: an invariant allometric scaling relationship. Annals of Botany 97: 97-107.
65. THORNLEY, J. H. M. 1991. A model of leaf tissue growth, acclimation and senescence. Annals of Botany 67: 219-228.
66. TOMLINSON, P. B. 1961. Anatomy of the Monocotyledons. II. Palmae. In C. R. Metacalfe [ed.], 1-453. Oxford University Press, London, UK.
67. TOMLINSON, P. B. 1990. The structural biology of palms. Oxford University Press, London, UK.
68. TURNER, I. M. 1994. Sclerophylly: primarily protective? Functional Ecology 8: 669-675.
69. UHL, N. W., AND J. DRANSFIELD. 1987. Genera Palmarum: a classification of palms based on the work of Harold E. Moore Jr. L. H. Bailey Hortorium, Ithaca, New York, USA and the International Palm Society, Lawrence, Kansas, USA.
70. WARD, D. B. 1979. Plants. In P. C. H. Pritchard [ed.], Rare and endangered biota of Florida, vol. 5. University Presses of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
71. WHITFIELD, J. 2006. The cost of leafing. Nature 444: 539-541.
72. WILLIAMS, K., C. B. FIELD, AND H. A. MOONEY. 1989. Relationships among leaf construction cost, leaf longevity, and light environment in rainforest plants of the genus Piper. American Naturalist 133: 198-211.
73. WRIGHT, I. J., P. B. REICH, J. H. C. CORNELISSEN, D. S. FALSTER, E. GARNIER, K. HIKOSAKA, B. B. LAMONT, W. LEE, J. OLEKSYN, N. OSADA, H. POORTER, R. VILLAR, D. I. WARTON, AND M. WESTOBY. 2005. Assessing the generality of global leaf trait relationships. New Phytologist 166: 485-496.
74. WRIGHT, I. J., P. B. REICH, M. WESTOBY, D. D. ACKERLY, Z. BARUCH, F. BONGERS, J. CAVENDER-BARES, T. CHAPIN, J. H. C. CORNELISSEN, M. DIEMER, J. FLEXAS, E. GARNIER, P. K. GROOM, J. GULIAS, K. HIKOSAKA, B. B. LAMONT, T. LEE, W. LEE, C. LUSK, J. J. MIDGLEY, M.-L. NAVAS, Ü. NIINEMETS, J. OLEKSYN, N. OSADA, H. POORTER, P. POOT, L. PRIOR, V. I. PYANKOV, C. ROUMET, S. C. THOMAS, M. G. TJOELKER, E. J. VENEKLAAS, AND R. VILLAR. 2004. The worldwide leaf economics spectrum. Nature 428: 821-827.
75. ZONA, S. 1985. A new species of Sabal (Palmae) from Florida. Brittonia 37: 366-368.
76. ZONA, S. 1987. Phenology and pollination biology of Sabal etonia (Palmae) in southeastern Florida. Principes 31: 177-182.
77. ZONA, S. 1990. A monograph of Sabal (Arecaceae: Coryphoideae). Aliso 12: 583-666.
78. ZONA, S., AND W. S. JUDD. 1986. Sabal etonia (Palmae): Systematics, distribution, ecology, and comparisons to other Florida scrub endemics. SIDA 11: 417-427.