메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 7, Issue 8, 2007, Pages 981-988

When attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder co-occurs with anxiety disorders: Effects on treatment

Author keywords

Anxiety disorder; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Child psychiatry; Comorbidity; Psychopharmacology; Psychotherapy

Indexed keywords

ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT; ATOMOXETINE; CENTRAL STIMULANT AGENT; FLUOXETINE; FLUVOXAMINE; METHYLPHENIDATE; SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITOR;

EID: 34548038385     PISSN: 14737175     EISSN: 17448360     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1586/14737175.7.8.981     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (16)

References (54)
  • 1
    • 4644241880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adolescent outcome of ADHD: Impact of childhood conduct and anxiety disorders
    • Newcorn JH, Miller SR, Ivanova I et al. Adolescent outcome of ADHD: impact of childhood conduct and anxiety disorders. CNS Spectr. 9, 668-678 (2004).
    • (2004) CNS Spectr , vol.9 , pp. 668-678
    • Newcorn, J.H.1    Miller, S.R.2    Ivanova, I.3
  • 5
    • 21744450887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anxiety disorders in an attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder clinical sample
    • Souza I, Pinheiro MA, Mattos P. Anxiety disorders in an attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder clinical sample. Arq. Neuropsiquiatr. 63, 407-409 (2005).
    • (2005) Arq. Neuropsiquiatr , vol.63 , pp. 407-409
    • Souza, I.1    Pinheiro, M.A.2    Mattos, P.3
  • 7
    • 0034978305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of childhood ADHD among patients with generalized anxiety disorder and a comparison condition, social phobia
    • Safren SA. Prevalence of childhood ADHD among patients with generalized anxiety disorder and a comparison condition, social phobia. Depress. Anxiety 13, 190-191 (2001).
    • (2001) Depress. Anxiety , vol.13 , pp. 190-191
    • Safren, S.A.1
  • 8
    • 0036301078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vance A, Costin J, Barnett R, Luk E, Maruff P, Tonge B. Characteristics of parent- and child-reported anxiety in psychostimulant medication naive clinically referred children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, combined type (ADHD-CT). Aust. NZ J. Psychiatry 36, 234-239 (2002).
    • Vance A, Costin J, Barnett R, Luk E, Maruff P, Tonge B. Characteristics of parent- and child-reported anxiety in psychostimulant medication naive clinically referred children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, combined type (ADHD-CT). Aust. NZ J. Psychiatry 36, 234-239 (2002).
  • 9
    • 0026530253 scopus 로고
    • Comorbidity of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and overanxious disorder
    • Pliszka SR. Comorbidity of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and overanxious disorder. J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry 31, 197-203 (1992).
    • (1992) J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry , vol.31 , pp. 197-203
    • Pliszka, S.R.1
  • 10
    • 0842278672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variations in anxiety and depression as a function of ADHD subtype by DSM-IV: Do subtype differences exist or not?
    • Power TJ, Costigan TE, Eiraldi RB, Leff SS. Variations in anxiety and depression as a function of ADHD subtype by DSM-IV: do subtype differences exist or not? J. Abnorm. Child. Psychol. 32, 27-37(2004).
    • (2004) J. Abnorm. Child. Psychol , vol.32 , pp. 27-37
    • Power, T.J.1    Costigan, T.E.2    Eiraldi, R.B.3    Leff, S.S.4
  • 11
    • 33846863802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Manassis K, Tannock R, Young A, Francis-John S. Cognition in anxious children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a comparison with clinical and normal children. Behav. Brain Funct. 3, 4 (2007). • One of the few studies of cognition in anxiety disorders (ANX) plus attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) to include an ANX only comparison group as well as children with ADHD only. This will be important in future studies of this comorbidity if we are to understand it as more than merely a subset of children with ADHD.
    • Manassis K, Tannock R, Young A, Francis-John S. Cognition in anxious children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a comparison with clinical and normal children. Behav. Brain Funct. 3, 4 (2007). • One of the few studies of cognition in anxiety disorders (ANX) plus attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) to include an ANX only comparison group as well as children with ADHD only. This will be important in future studies of this comorbidity if we are to understand it as more than merely a subset of children with ADHD.
  • 12
    • 0345072486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Moderators and mediators of treatment response for children with ADHD
    • MTA Cooperative Group
    • MTA Cooperative Group. Moderators and mediators of treatment response for children with ADHD. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 56, 1088-1096 (1999).
    • (1999) Arch. Gen. Psychiatry , vol.56 , pp. 1088-1096
  • 15
    • 19644371988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of anxiety disorders in medication naive, clinically referred children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, combined type (ADHD-CT) and dysthymic disorder (DD)
    • Sanders M, Arduca Y, Karamitsios M, Boots M, Vance A. Characteristics of anxiety disorders in medication naive, clinically referred children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, combined type (ADHD-CT) and dysthymic disorder (DD). Aust. NZ J. Psychiatry 39, 359-365 (2005).
    • (2005) Aust. NZ J. Psychiatry , vol.39 , pp. 359-365
    • Sanders, M.1    Arduca, Y.2    Karamitsios, M.3    Boots, M.4    Vance, A.5
  • 16
    • 34548025933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stimulant medication response in ADHD and comorbid anxiety disorder
    • Bellgrove M, Fitzgerald M, Gill M Eds, Wiley, IN, USA
    • Vance A. Stimulant medication response in ADHD and comorbid anxiety disorder. In: Handbook of ADHD. Bellgrove M, Fitzgerald M, Gill M (Eds). Wiley, IN, USA 331-334 (2007).
    • (2007) Handbook of ADHD , pp. 331-334
    • Vance, A.1
  • 17
    • 4344580928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synaptic gating and ADHD: A biological theory of comorbidity of ADHD and anxiety
    • Levy F. Synaptic gating and ADHD: a biological theory of comorbidity of ADHD and anxiety. Neuropsychopharm. 29, 1589-1596 (2004).
    • (2004) Neuropsychopharm , vol.29 , pp. 1589-1596
    • Levy, F.1
  • 18
    • 0033844575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dichotic listening and response inhibition in children with comorbid anxiety disorders and ADHD
    • Manassis K, Tannock R, Barbosa J. Dichotic listening and response inhibition in children with comorbid anxiety disorders and ADHD. J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry 39, 1152-1159 (2000).
    • (2000) J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry , vol.39 , pp. 1152-1159
    • Manassis, K.1    Tannock, R.2    Barbosa, J.3
  • 19
    • 0029792127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between ADHD and anxiety in boys: Results from a family study
    • Perrin S, Last CG. Relationship between ADHD and anxiety in boys: results from a family study. J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry 35, 988-996 (1996).
    • (1996) J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry , vol.35 , pp. 988-996
    • Perrin, S.1    Last, C.G.2
  • 20
    • 0037221961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Revisiting the association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity and anxiety disorders: A family risk analysis
    • Braaten EB, Biederman J, Monuteaux MC et al. Revisiting the association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity and anxiety disorders: a family risk analysis. Biol. Psychiatry 53, 93-99 (2003).
    • (2003) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.53 , pp. 93-99
    • Braaten, E.B.1    Biederman, J.2    Monuteaux, M.C.3
  • 21
    • 37249012016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Family correlates of comorbid anxiety disorders in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
    • Pfiffner LJ, McBurnitt K. Family correlates of comorbid anxiety disorders in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J. Abnorm. Child. Psychol. 34, 725-735 (2006).
    • (2006) J. Abnorm. Child. Psychol , vol.34 , pp. 725-735
    • Pfiffner, L.J.1    McBurnitt, K.2
  • 23
    • 0031792171 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and anxiety: Is there an association with neurodevelopmental deficits?
    • Vance AL, Luk ES. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and anxiety: is there an association with neurodevelopmental deficits? Aust. NZ J. Psychiatry 32, 650-657 (1998).
    • (1998) Aust. NZ J. Psychiatry , vol.32 , pp. 650-657
    • Vance, A.L.1    Luk, E.S.2
  • 24
    • 84912059700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ADHD, combined type in primary school age children: Investigations of its association with oppositional defiant, dysthymic and anxiety disorders
    • Larimer MP Ed, Nova Press, NY, USA
    • Vance A. ADHD, combined type in primary school age children: investigations of its association with oppositional defiant, dysthymic and anxiety disorders. In: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Research. Larimer MP (Ed.). Nova Press, NY, USA 59-94 (2005).
    • (2005) Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Research , pp. 59-94
    • Vance, A.1
  • 25
    • 33750359771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Schatz DB, Rostain AL. ADHD with comorbid anxiety: a review of the current literature. J. Attention Dis. 10, 141-149 (2006). •• Excellent review of the complexities involved in understanding cognition in ANX + ADHD. The paper reviews recent literature and various cognitive hypotheses needing further study in this population.
    • Schatz DB, Rostain AL. ADHD with comorbid anxiety: a review of the current literature. J. Attention Dis. 10, 141-149 (2006). •• Excellent review of the complexities involved in understanding cognition in ANX + ADHD. The paper reviews recent literature and various cognitive hypotheses needing further study in this population.
  • 26
    • 0037248535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Research on information-processing factors in child and adolescent psychopathology: A critical commentary
    • Vasey MW, Dagleish T, Silverman WK. Research on information-processing factors in child and adolescent psychopathology: a critical commentary. J. Clin. Child. Adolesc. Psychol. 32, 81-93 (2003).
    • (2003) J. Clin. Child. Adolesc. Psychol , vol.32 , pp. 81-93
    • Vasey, M.W.1    Dagleish, T.2    Silverman, W.K.3
  • 27
    • 0032127879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Response inhibition and response re-engagement in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, disruptive, anxious, and normal children
    • Oosterlaan J. Response inhibition and response re-engagement in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, disruptive, anxious, and normal children. Behav. Brain Res. 94, 33-43 (1998).
    • (1998) Behav. Brain Res , vol.94 , pp. 33-43
    • Oosterlaan, J.1
  • 28
    • 0031934584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oosterlaan J, Seargeant JA. Response inhibition in AD/HD, CD, comorbid AD/HD and CD, anxious, and control children: a meta-analysis of studies with the stop task. J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry 39, 411-425 (1998).
    • Oosterlaan J, Seargeant JA. Response inhibition in AD/HD, CD, comorbid AD/HD and CD, anxious, and control children: a meta-analysis of studies with the stop task. J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry 39, 411-425 (1998).
  • 29
    • 34447572832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Performance monitoring and response inhibition in anxiety with and without comorbid ADHD
    • Korenblum CB, Chen SX, Manassis K, Schachar RJ. Performance monitoring and response inhibition in anxiety with and without comorbid ADHD. Depress. Anxiety 24(4), 227-232 (2007).
    • (2007) Depress. Anxiety , vol.24 , Issue.4 , pp. 227-232
    • Korenblum, C.B.1    Chen, S.X.2    Manassis, K.3    Schachar, R.J.4
  • 30
    • 0001991881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conceptualizing, describing, and measuring components of executive function: A summary
    • Lyon GR, Krasnegor NA Eds, Paul H Brookes Publishing, MD, USA
    • Eslinger PJ. Conceptualizing, describing, and measuring components of executive function: a summary. In: Attention, Memory, and Executive Function. Lyon GR, Krasnegor NA (Eds). Paul H Brookes Publishing, MD, USA (1996).
    • (1996) Attention, Memory, and Executive Function
    • Eslinger, P.J.1
  • 31
    • 0024811125 scopus 로고
    • Effect of anxiety on cognition, behavior, and stimulant response in ADHD
    • Pliszka SR. Effect of anxiety on cognition, behavior, and stimulant response in ADHD. J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry 28, 882-887 (1989).
    • (1989) J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry , vol.28 , pp. 882-887
    • Pliszka, S.R.1
  • 32
    • 0029000735 scopus 로고
    • Differential effects of methylphenidate on working memory in ADHD children with and without anxiety
    • • One of the few studies to examine the effects of stimulant medication on higher order cognitive functions in ADHD, and the only one to date to do so in relation to anxious comorbidity
    • Tannock R, Ickowicz A, Schachar R. Differential effects of methylphenidate on working memory in ADHD children with and without anxiety. J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry 34, 886-896 (1995). • One of the few studies to examine the effects of stimulant medication on higher order cognitive functions in ADHD, and the only one to date to do so in relation to anxious comorbidity.
    • (1995) J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry , vol.34 , pp. 886-896
    • Tannock, R.1    Ickowicz, A.2    Schachar, R.3
  • 33
    • 84953471931 scopus 로고
    • Anxiety and performance: The processing efficiency theory
    • Eysenck MW, Calvo MG. Anxiety and performance: the processing efficiency theory. Cogn. Emot. 6, 409-434 (1992).
    • (1992) Cogn. Emot , vol.6 , pp. 409-434
    • Eysenck, M.W.1    Calvo, M.G.2
  • 34
    • 15344348871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A meta-analysis of working memory impairments in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
    • Martinussen R, Hayden J, Hogg-Johnson S, Tannock R. A meta-analysis of working memory impairments in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry 44, 377-384 (2005).
    • (2005) J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry , vol.44 , pp. 377-384
    • Martinussen, R.1    Hayden, J.2    Hogg-Johnson, S.3    Tannock, R.4
  • 35
    • 85047688020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sluggish cognitive tempo predicts a different pattern of impairment in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, predominantly inattentive type
    • Carlson CL, Mann M. Sluggish cognitive tempo predicts a different pattern of impairment in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, predominantly inattentive type. J. Clin. Child. Adolesc. Psychol. 31, 123-129 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Clin. Child. Adolesc. Psychol , vol.31 , pp. 123-129
    • Carlson, C.L.1    Mann, M.2
  • 37
    • 0033741912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anxiety as a predictor and outcome variable in the multimodal treatment study of children with ADHD (MTA)
    • •• Sophisticated analysis of anxiety disorders in relation to treatment outcome in the multimodal treatment study of children with ADHD, including a clear description of limitations of the methods used
    • March JS, Swanson JM, Arnold EL, Hoza B, Conners CK, Hinshaw SP. Anxiety as a predictor and outcome variable in the multimodal treatment study of children with ADHD (MTA). J. Abnorm. Child. Psychol. 28, 527-541 (2000). •• Sophisticated analysis of anxiety disorders in relation to treatment outcome in the multimodal treatment study of children with ADHD, including a clear description of limitations of the methods used.
    • (2000) J. Abnorm. Child. Psychol , vol.28 , pp. 527-541
    • March, J.S.1    Swanson, J.M.2    Arnold, E.L.3    Hoza, B.4    Conners, C.K.5    Hinshaw, S.P.6
  • 39
    • 0037209095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Searching for moderators and mediators of pharmacological treatment in children and adolescents with anxiety disorders
    • Walkup JT, Labellarte MJ, Riddle MA et al. Searching for moderators and mediators of pharmacological treatment in children and adolescents with anxiety disorders. J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry 42, 13-21 (2003).
    • (2003) J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry , vol.42 , pp. 13-21
    • Walkup, J.T.1    Labellarte, M.J.2    Riddle, M.A.3
  • 40
    • 20944443402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abikoff H, McGough J, Vitiello B et al. Sequential pharmacotherapy for children with comorbid attention-deficit hyperactivity and anxiety disorders. J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry 44, 418-427 (2005). • Cleverly designed study that sought to determine if fluvoxamine adds any benefit above and beyond that conferred by stimulants in ANX + ADHD.
    • Abikoff H, McGough J, Vitiello B et al. Sequential pharmacotherapy for children with comorbid attention-deficit hyperactivity and anxiety disorders. J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry 44, 418-427 (2005). • Cleverly designed study that sought to determine if fluvoxamine adds any benefit above and beyond that conferred by stimulants in ANX + ADHD.
  • 41
    • 33847336975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mohammadi MR, Akhondzadeh S. Pharmacotherapy of attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder: nonstimulant medication approaches. Expert Rev. Neurother. 7, 195-201 (2007). • By thoroughly reviewing the literature, these authors are able to draw appropriately cautious conclusions about nonstimulant treatment in ADHD, despite its recent popularity.
    • Mohammadi MR, Akhondzadeh S. Pharmacotherapy of attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder: nonstimulant medication approaches. Expert Rev. Neurother. 7, 195-201 (2007). • By thoroughly reviewing the literature, these authors are able to draw appropriately cautious conclusions about nonstimulant treatment in ADHD, despite its recent popularity.
  • 42
    • 33847351335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multi-centre randomised, open-label study of atomoxetine compared with standard current therapy in UK children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
    • Prasad S, Harpin V, Poole L et al. A multi-centre randomised, open-label study of atomoxetine compared with standard current therapy in UK children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Curr. Med. Res. Opin. 23, 379-394 (2007).
    • (2007) Curr. Med. Res. Opin , vol.23 , pp. 379-394
    • Prasad, S.1    Harpin, V.2    Poole, L.3
  • 43
    • 33846583296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atomoxetine treatment in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: What are the long-term health-related quality of life outcomes?
    • Perwien AR, Kratochvil CJ, Faries DE et al. Atomoxetine treatment in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: what are the long-term health-related quality of life outcomes? J. Child. Adolesc. Psychopharmacol. 16, 713-724 (2006).
    • (2006) J. Child. Adolesc. Psychopharmacol , vol.16 , pp. 713-724
    • Perwien, A.R.1    Kratochvil, C.J.2    Faries, D.E.3
  • 44
    • 33750930909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atomoxetine for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms in children with pervasive developmental disorders: A pilot study
    • Troost PW, Steenhuis MP, Tuynman-Qua HG et al. Atomoxetine for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms in children with pervasive developmental disorders: a pilot study. J. Child. Adolesc. Psychopharmacol. 16, 611-619 (2006).
    • (2006) J. Child. Adolesc. Psychopharmacol , vol.16 , pp. 611-619
    • Troost, P.W.1    Steenhuis, M.P.2    Tuynman-Qua, H.G.3
  • 45
    • 23944461087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atomoxetine alone or combined with fluoxetine for treating ADHD with comorbid depressive or anxiety symptoms
    • Kratchovill CJ, Newcorn JH, Arnold LE et al. Atomoxetine alone or combined with fluoxetine for treating ADHD with comorbid depressive or anxiety symptoms. J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry 44, 915-924 (2005).
    • (2005) J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry , vol.44 , pp. 915-924
    • Kratchovill, C.J.1    Newcorn, J.H.2    Arnold, L.E.3
  • 47
    • 0036884207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Group and individual cognitive-behavioral therapy for childhood anxiety disorders: A randomized trial
    • Manassis K, Mendlowitz SL, Scapillato D et al. Group and individual cognitive-behavioral therapy for childhood anxiety disorders: a randomized trial. J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry 41, 1423-1430 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry , vol.41 , pp. 1423-1430
    • Manassis, K.1    Mendlowitz, S.L.2    Scapillato, D.3
  • 48
    • 0035462570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Examining outcome variability: Correlates of treatment response in an adolescent anxiety clinic
    • Southam-Gerow MA, Kendall PC, Weersing VR. Examining outcome variability: correlates of treatment response in an adolescent anxiety clinic. J. Clin. Child. Psychol. 30, 422-436 (2001).
    • (2001) J. Clin. Child. Psychol , vol.30 , pp. 422-436
    • Southam-Gerow, M.A.1    Kendall, P.C.2    Weersing, V.R.3
  • 50
    • 33845956869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Remission versus response as the goal of therapy in ADHD: A new standard for the field?
    • Steele M, Jensen PS, Quinn DM. Remission versus response as the goal of therapy in ADHD: a new standard for the field? Clin. Ther. 28, 1892-1908 (2006).
    • (2006) Clin. Ther , vol.28 , pp. 1892-1908
    • Steele, M.1    Jensen, P.S.2    Quinn, D.M.3
  • 51
    • 0032415621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of parental anxiety in the treatment of childhood anxiety
    • Cobham VE, Dadds MR, Spence SH. The role of parental anxiety in the treatment of childhood anxiety. J. Consult. Clin. Psychol. 66, 893-905 (1998).
    • (1998) J. Consult. Clin. Psychol , vol.66 , pp. 893-905
    • Cobham, V.E.1    Dadds, M.R.2    Spence, S.H.3
  • 52
    • 0035170854 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A therapeutic approach to children and adolescents with anxiety disorders and associated comorbid conditions
    • Manassis K, Monga S. A therapeutic approach to children and adolescents with anxiety disorders and associated comorbid conditions. J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry 40, 115-117 (2001).
    • (2001) J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry , vol.40 , pp. 115-117
    • Manassis, K.1    Monga, S.2
  • 53
    • 33846002401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abnormal attention modulation of fear circuit functioning in pediatric generaliezd anxiety disorder
    • McClure EB, Monk CS, Nelson EE et al. Abnormal attention modulation of fear circuit functioning in pediatric generaliezd anxiety disorder. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 64, 97-106 (2007).
    • (2007) Arch. Gen. Psychiatry , vol.64 , pp. 97-106
    • McClure, E.B.1    Monk, C.S.2    Nelson, E.E.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.