메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue 2, 2007, Pages

Long-acting insulin analogues versus NPH insulin (human isophane insulin) for type 2 diabetes mellitus

Author keywords

Diabetes mellitus, type 2 *drug therapy ; Hypoglycemic agents *therapeutic use ; Insulin analogs derivatives; therapeutic use ; Insulin, isophane *therapeutic use ; Insulin, long acting *therapeutic use

Indexed keywords

HEMOGLOBIN A1C; INSULIN DERIVATIVE; INSULIN DETEMIR; INSULIN GLARGINE; ISOPHANE INSULIN; LONG ACTING INSULIN; SULFONYLUREA DERIVATIVE;

EID: 34547830134     PISSN: 1469493X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD005613.pub3     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (306)

References (53)
  • 1
    • 33646414185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eliaschewitz 2006 {published data only} Eliaschewitz FG, Calvo C, Valbuena H, Ruiz M, Aschner P, Villena J, et al.Therapy in type 2 diabetes: insulin glargine vs. NPH insulin both in combination with glimepiride. Archives of Medical Research 2006;37(4):495-501.
    • Eliaschewitz 2006 {published data only} Eliaschewitz FG, Calvo C, Valbuena H, Ruiz M, Aschner P, Villena J, et al.Therapy in type 2 diabetes: insulin glargine vs. NPH insulin both in combination with glimepiride. Archives of Medical Research 2006;37(4):495-501.
  • 2
    • 0038131919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fritsche 2003 {published data only} Fritsche A, Schweitzer MA, Haring HU, Study Group. Glimepiride combined withmorning insulin glargine, bedtime neutral protamine hagedorn insulin, or bedtime insulin glargine in patients with type 2 diabetes. A randomized, controlled trial.[see comment]. Annals of internal medicine 2003;138(12):952-9.
    • Fritsche 2003 {published data only} Fritsche A, Schweitzer MA, Haring HU, Study Group. Glimepiride combined withmorning insulin glargine, bedtime neutral protamine hagedorn insulin, or bedtime insulin glargine in patients with type 2 diabetes. A randomized, controlled trial.[see comment]. Annals of internal medicine 2003;138(12):952-9.
  • 3
    • 12744274870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Haak 2005 {published data only} Haak T, Tiengo A, Draeger E, Suntum M, Waldhausl W. Lower within-subject variability of fasting blood glucose and reduced weight gain with insulin detemir compared to NPH insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes, obesity & metabolism 2005;7(1):56-64.
    • Haak 2005 {published data only} Haak T, Tiengo A, Draeger E, Suntum M, Waldhausl W. Lower within-subject variability of fasting blood glucose and reduced weight gain with insulin detemir compared to NPH insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes, obesity & metabolism 2005;7(1):56-64.
  • 4
    • 33746391488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hermansen 2006 {published data only} Hermansen K, Davies M, Derezinski T, Martinez RG, Clauson P, Home P. A 26-week, randomized, parallel, treat-to-target trial comparing insulin detemir with NPH insulin as add-on therapy to oral glucose-lowering drugs in insulin-naive people with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes care 2006;29(6):1269-74.
    • Hermansen 2006 {published data only} Hermansen K, Davies M, Derezinski T, Martinez RG, Clauson P, Home P. A 26-week, randomized, parallel, treat-to-target trial comparing insulin detemir with NPH insulin as add-on therapy to oral glucose-lowering drugs in insulin-naive people with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes care 2006;29(6):1269-74.
  • 5
    • 0038292180 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Massi 2003 {published data only} Massi BM, Humburg E, Dressler A, Ziemen M. A one-year, randomised, multicentre trial comparing insulin glargine with NPH insulin in combination with oral agents in patients with type 2 diabetes. Hormone & Metabolic Research 2003;35(3):189-96.
    • Massi 2003 {published data only} Massi BM, Humburg E, Dressler A, Ziemen M. A one-year, randomised, multicentre trial comparing insulin glargine with NPH insulin in combination with oral agents in patients with type 2 diabetes. Hormone & Metabolic Research 2003;35(3):189-96.
  • 6
    • 0033867021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Study Group. Less nocturnal hypoglycemia and better post-dinner glucose control with bedtime insulin glargine compared with bedtime NPH insulin during insulin combination therapy in type 2 diabetes. HOE 901/3002 Study Group
    • Yki-Jarvinen H, Dressler A, Ziemen M, Study Group. Less nocturnal hypoglycemia and better post-dinner glucose control with bedtime insulin glargine compared with bedtime NPH insulin during insulin combination therapy in type 2 diabetes. HOE 901/3002 Study Group. Diabetes care 2000;23(8):1130-6.
    • (2000) Diabetes care , vol.23 , Issue.8 , pp. 1130-1136
    • Yki-Jarvinen, H.1    Dressler, A.2    Ziemen, M.3
  • 7
    • 0242269000 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Riddle 2003 {published data only} Riddle MC, Rosenstock J, Gerich J, Insulin G. The treat-to-target trial: randomized addition of glargine or human NPH insulin to oral therapy of type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes care 2003;26(11):3080-6.
    • Riddle 2003 {published data only} Riddle MC, Rosenstock J, Gerich J, Insulin G. The treat-to-target trial: randomized addition of glargine or human NPH insulin to oral therapy of type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes care 2003;26(11):3080-6.
  • 8
    • 8744299465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rosenstock 2001 {published data only} Fonseca V, Bell DS, Berger S, Thomson S, Mecca TE. A comparison of bedtime insulin glargine with bedtime neutral protamine hagedorn insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes: subgroup analysis of patients taking once-daily insulin in a multicenter, randomized, parallel group study. American Journal of the Medical Sciences 2004;328(5):274-80.
    • Rosenstock 2001 {published data only} Fonseca V, Bell DS, Berger S, Thomson S, Mecca TE. A comparison of bedtime insulin glargine with bedtime neutral protamine hagedorn insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes: subgroup analysis of patients taking once-daily insulin in a multicenter, randomized, parallel group study. American Journal of the Medical Sciences 2004;328(5):274-80.
  • 9
    • 0034827469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Basal insulin therapy in type 2 diabetes: 28-week comparison of insulin glargine (HOE 901) and NPH insulin
    • Rosenstock J, Schwartz SL, Clark CM Jr, Park GD, Donley DW, Edwards MB. Basal insulin therapy in type 2 diabetes: 28-week comparison of insulin glargine (HOE 901) and NPH insulin. Diabetes care 2001;24(4):631-6.
    • (2001) Diabetes care , vol.24 , Issue.4 , pp. 631-636
    • Rosenstock, J.1    Schwartz, S.L.2    Clark Jr, C.M.3    Park, G.D.4    Donley, D.W.5    Edwards, M.B.6
  • 10
    • 33244479164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Yki-Järvinen 2006 {published data only} Yki-Jarvinen H, Kauppinen-Makelin R, Tiikkainen M, Vahatalo M, Virtamo H, Nikkila K, et al.Insulin glargine or NPH combined with metformin in type 2 diabetes: The LANMET study. Diabetologia 2006;49(3):442-51.
    • Yki-Järvinen 2006 {published data only} Yki-Jarvinen H, Kauppinen-Makelin R, Tiikkainen M, Vahatalo M, Virtamo H, Nikkila K, et al.Insulin glargine or NPH combined with metformin in type 2 diabetes: The LANMET study. Diabetologia 2006;49(3):442-51.
  • 11
    • 33747174340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Yokoyama 2006 {published data only} Yokoyama H, Tada J, Kamikawa F, Kanno S, Yokota Y, Kuramitsu M. Efficacy of conversion from bedtime NPH insulin to morning insulin glargine in type 2 diabetic patients on basal-prandial insulin therapy. Diabetes Research & Clinical Practice 2006;73(1):35-40.
    • Yokoyama 2006 {published data only} Yokoyama H, Tada J, Kamikawa F, Kanno S, Yokota Y, Kuramitsu M. Efficacy of conversion from bedtime NPH insulin to morning insulin glargine in type 2 diabetic patients on basal-prandial insulin therapy. Diabetes Research & Clinical Practice 2006;73(1):35-40.
  • 12
    • 29944433736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cada 2005 Cada DJ, Levien T, Baker DE. Insulin detemir. Hospital Pharmacy 2005;40(12):1062-73.
    • Cada 2005 Cada DJ, Levien T, Baker DE. Insulin detemir. Hospital Pharmacy 2005;40(12):1062-73.
  • 13
    • 0042655389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Garber 2003 Garber AJ. Benefits of combination therapy of insulin and oral hypoglycemic agents. Archives of Internal Medicine 2003;163(15):1781-2.
    • Garber 2003 Garber AJ. Benefits of combination therapy of insulin and oral hypoglycemic agents. Archives of Internal Medicine 2003;163(15):1781-2.
  • 14
    • 30944438021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kacerovsky-Bielesz Authors Kacerovsky-Bielesz G, Dressler A, Freunscht, R. Long-term glycaemic control with insulin glargine in Type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Research & Clinical Practice 2006;71:184- 91.
    • Kacerovsky-Bielesz Authors Kacerovsky-Bielesz G, Dressler A, Freunscht, R. Long-term glycaemic control with insulin glargine in Type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Research & Clinical Practice 2006;71:184- 91.
  • 15
    • 7444239611 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kaplan 2004 Kaplan W, Rodriguez LM, Smith OE, Haymond MW, Heptulla RA. Effects of mixing glargine and short-acting insulin analogs on glucose control. Diabetes care 2004;27(11):2739-40.
    • Kaplan 2004 Kaplan W, Rodriguez LM, Smith OE, Haymond MW, Heptulla RA. Effects of mixing glargine and short-acting insulin analogs on glucose control. Diabetes care 2004;27(11):2739-40.
  • 16
    • 16644395452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lantus is superior in BOT (basic oral therapy) to standard mixed insulin
    • Krankenpflege 2004 Lantus is superior in BOT (basic oral therapy) to standard mixed insulin. Krankenpflege Journal 2004;42(5-6):172.
    • (2004) Krankenpflege Journal , vol.42 , Issue.5-6 , pp. 172
    • Krankenpflege1
  • 17
    • 0035028112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nakhmanovich 2001 Nakhmanovich Y, Belenkaya R, Rozenfeld V. Insulin glargine in the management of diabetes mellitus. Pharmacy and Therapeutics 2001; 26(4):176-81.
    • Nakhmanovich 2001 Nakhmanovich Y, Belenkaya R, Rozenfeld V. Insulin glargine in the management of diabetes mellitus. Pharmacy and Therapeutics 2001; 26(4):176-81.
  • 18
    • 33646577468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Riddle MC. The Treat-to-Target Trial and related studies
    • Riddle 2006 Riddle MC. The Treat-to-Target Trial and related studies. Endocrine Practice 2006;12 Suppl 1:71-9.
    • (2006) Endocrine Practice , vol.12 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 71-79
    • Riddle1
  • 19
    • 14744303941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stoneking 2005 Stoneking K. Initiating basal insulin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 2005; 62(5):510-8.
    • Stoneking 2005 Stoneking K. Initiating basal insulin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 2005; 62(5):510-8.
  • 20
    • 44949144193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kawamori R, Iwamoto Y, Kadowaki T, Manabu Iwasaki. Efficacy and safety of insulin glargine in concurrent use with oral hypoglycemic agents for the treatment of Type 2 diabetes patients
    • Kawamori 2003 Kawamori R, Iwamoto Y, Kadowaki T, Manabu Iwasaki. Efficacy and safety of insulin glargine in concurrent use with oral hypoglycemic agents for the treatment of Type 2 diabetes patients. Rinshoiyaku 2003;19(5):445-64.
    • (2003) Rinshoiyaku , vol.19 , Issue.5 , pp. 445-464
    • Kawamori1
  • 21
    • 0031018291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abraira 1997 Abraira C, Colwell J, Nuttall F, Sawin CT, Henderson W, Comstock JP, et al.Cardiovascular events and correlates in the Veterans Affairs Diabetes Feasibility Trial. Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study on Glycemic Control and Complications in Type II Diabetes. Archives of internal medicine 1997;157(2):181-8.
    • Abraira 1997 Abraira C, Colwell J, Nuttall F, Sawin CT, Henderson W, Comstock JP, et al.Cardiovascular events and correlates in the Veterans Affairs Diabetes Feasibility Trial. Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study on Glycemic Control and Complications in Type II Diabetes. Archives of internal medicine 1997;157(2):181-8.
  • 22
    • 0030983181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adler 1997 Adler AI, Boyko EJ, Ahroni JH, Stensel V, Forsberg RC, Smith DG. Risk factors for diabetic peripheral sensory neuropathy. Results of the Seattle Prospective Diabetic Foot Study. Diabetes Care 1997;20(7):1162-7.
    • Adler 1997 Adler AI, Boyko EJ, Ahroni JH, Stensel V, Forsberg RC, Smith DG. Risk factors for diabetic peripheral sensory neuropathy. Results of the Seattle Prospective Diabetic Foot Study. Diabetes Care 1997;20(7):1162-7.
  • 23
    • 44949188644 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CCOHTA Detemir 2004 Insulin detemir for diabetes mellitus. Ottawa: Canadian Coordinating Office for Health Technology Assessment (CCOHTA) 2004.
    • CCOHTA Detemir 2004 Insulin detemir for diabetes mellitus. Ottawa: Canadian Coordinating Office for Health Technology Assessment (CCOHTA) 2004.
  • 24
    • 44949191619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CCOHTA Glargine 2004 Insulin glargine for type 2 diabetes. Ottawa: Canadian Coordinating Office for Health Technology Assessment (CCOHTA) 2004.
    • CCOHTA Glargine 2004 Insulin glargine for type 2 diabetes. Ottawa: Canadian Coordinating Office for Health Technology Assessment (CCOHTA) 2004.
  • 25
    • 9944261933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chapman 2004 Chapman TM, Perry CM. Insulin detemir: A review of its use in the management of type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus. Drugs 2004;64(22):2577-95.
    • Chapman 2004 Chapman TM, Perry CM. Insulin detemir: A review of its use in the management of type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus. Drugs 2004;64(22):2577-95.
  • 26
    • 84973587732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cohen 1960 Cohen J. A coefficient of agreement for nominal scales. Educational and Psychological Measurement 1960;20:37-46.
    • Cohen 1960 Cohen J. A coefficient of agreement for nominal scales. Educational and Psychological Measurement 1960;20:37-46.
  • 27
    • 0041733061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dunn 2003 Dunn CJ, Plosker GK, Keating GM, McKeage K, Scott LJ. Insulin glargine: an updated review of its use in the management of diabetes mellitus. Drugs 2003;63(16):1743-78. [MEDLINE: DUNNCJ2003].
    • Dunn 2003 Dunn CJ, Plosker GK, Keating GM, McKeage K, Scott LJ. Insulin glargine: an updated review of its use in the management of diabetes mellitus. Drugs 2003;63(16):1743-78. [MEDLINE: DUNNCJ2003].
  • 28
    • 44949158092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EMEA 2003 20. European Public Assessment Report (EPAR) on Lantus (Insulin Glargine) - Scientific Discussion (2003). http: //www.emea.eu.int/ humandocs/PDFs/EPAR/Lantus/061500en6.pdf (accessed 16 August 2006).
    • EMEA 2003 20. European Public Assessment Report (EPAR) on Lantus (Insulin Glargine) - Scientific Discussion (2003). http: //www.emea.eu.int/ humandocs/PDFs/EPAR/Lantus/061500en6.pdf (accessed 16 August 2006).
  • 29
    • 44949126395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EMEA 2004 18. European Public Assessment Report (EPAR) on Levemir (Insulin Detemir) - Scientific Discussion (2004). http: //www.emea.eu.int/ humandocs/PDFs/EPAR/levemir/093604en6.pdf (accessed 16 August 2006).
    • EMEA 2004 18. European Public Assessment Report (EPAR) on Levemir (Insulin Detemir) - Scientific Discussion (2004). http: //www.emea.eu.int/ humandocs/PDFs/EPAR/levemir/093604en6.pdf (accessed 16 August 2006).
  • 30
    • 44949221826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FDA 2000 21.Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER). Application Number 21-081: Lantus (Insulin Glargine) - Pharmacology Review (s) (2000). http://www.fda.gov/cder/foi/nda/2000/21081_ Lantus_pharmr_P1.pdf und http://www.fda.gov/cder/foi/nda/2000/ 21081_Lantus_pharmr_P2.pdf (accessed 16 August 2006).
    • FDA 2000 21.Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER). Application Number 21-081: Lantus (Insulin Glargine) - Pharmacology Review (s) (2000). http://www.fda.gov/cder/foi/nda/2000/21081_ Lantus_pharmr_P1.pdf und http://www.fda.gov/cder/foi/nda/2000/ 21081_Lantus_pharmr_P2.pdf (accessed 16 August 2006).
  • 31
    • 44949242680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FDA 2005 19.Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER). Application Number 21-536: Levemir (Insulin Detemir) - Pharmacology Review(s) (2005). http://www.fda.gov/cder/foi/nda/2005/021-536_Levemir_pharmr.PDF (accessed 16 August 2006).
    • FDA 2005 19.Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER). Application Number 21-536: Levemir (Insulin Detemir) - Pharmacology Review(s) (2005). http://www.fda.gov/cder/foi/nda/2005/021-536_Levemir_pharmr.PDF (accessed 16 August 2006).
  • 32
    • 0027394750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grant 1993 Grant MB, Mames RN, Fitzgerald C, Ellis EA, Aboufriekha M, Guy J. Insulin-like growth factor I acts as an angiogenic agent in rabbit cornea and retina: comparative studies with basic fibroblast growth factor. Diabetologia 1993;36(4):282-91. [MEDLINE: 23].
    • Grant 1993 Grant MB, Mames RN, Fitzgerald C, Ellis EA, Aboufriekha M, Guy J. Insulin-like growth factor I acts as an angiogenic agent in rabbit cornea and retina: comparative studies with basic fibroblast growth factor. Diabetologia 1993;36(4):282-91. [MEDLINE: 23].
  • 33
    • 4344701890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Havelund 2004 Havelund S, Plum A, Ribel U, Jonassen I, Volund A, Markussen J, et al.The mechanism of protraction of insulin detemir, a long-acting, acylated analog of human insulin. Pharmaceutical research 2004;21 (8):1498-504. [MEDLINE: 1].
    • Havelund 2004 Havelund S, Plum A, Ribel U, Jonassen I, Volund A, Markussen J, et al.The mechanism of protraction of insulin detemir, a long-acting, acylated analog of human insulin. Pharmaceutical research 2004;21 (8):1498-504. [MEDLINE: 1].
  • 34
    • 0034117810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heinemann 2000 Heinemann L, Linkeschova R, Rave K, Hompesch B, Sedlak M, Heise T. Time-action profile of the long-acting insulin analog insulin glargine (HOE901) in comparison with those of NPH insulin and placebo. Diabetes Care 2000;23(5):644-9. [MEDLINE: 5].
    • Heinemann 2000 Heinemann L, Linkeschova R, Rave K, Hompesch B, Sedlak M, Heise T. Time-action profile of the long-acting insulin analog insulin glargine (HOE901) in comparison with those of NPH insulin and placebo. Diabetes Care 2000;23(5):644-9. [MEDLINE: 5].
  • 35
    • 2542576404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heise 2004 Heise T, Nosek L, Ronn BB, Endahl L, Heinemann L, Kapitza C, et al.Lower within-subject variability of insulin detemir in comparison to NPH insulin and insulin glargine in people with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes 2004;53(6):1614-20. [MEDLINE: 2].
    • Heise 2004 Heise T, Nosek L, Ronn BB, Endahl L, Heinemann L, Kapitza C, et al.Lower within-subject variability of insulin detemir in comparison to NPH insulin and insulin glargine in people with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes 2004;53(6):1614-20. [MEDLINE: 2].
  • 36
    • 0037098199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Higgins 2002 Higgins JP, Thompson SG. Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysis. Statistics in Medicine 2002;21(11):1539-58.
    • Higgins 2002 Higgins JP, Thompson SG. Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysis. Statistics in Medicine 2002;21(11):1539-58.
  • 37
    • 0041876133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Higgins 2003 Higgins JPT, Thompson SG, Deeks JJ, Altman DG. Measuring inconsistency in meta-analysis. BMJ 2003;327:557-60.
    • Higgins 2003 Higgins JPT, Thompson SG, Deeks JJ, Altman DG. Measuring inconsistency in meta-analysis. BMJ 2003;327:557-60.
  • 38
    • 44949215059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Higgins 2005 Higgins JPT, Green S, editors. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions 4.2.5 [updated May 2005]. In: The Cochrane Library, Issue 3, 2005. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    • Higgins 2005 Higgins JPT, Green S, editors. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions 4.2.5 [updated May 2005]. In: The Cochrane Library, Issue 3, 2005. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
  • 39
    • 0029914622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Jadad 1996 Jadad AR, Moore RA, Carroll D, Jenkinson C, Reynolds DJ, Gavaghan DJ, et al.Assessing the quality of reports of randomized clinical trials: is blinding necessary?. Controlled clinical trials 1996;17(1): 1-12. [MEDLINE: 128].
    • Jadad 1996 Jadad AR, Moore RA, Carroll D, Jenkinson C, Reynolds DJ, Gavaghan DJ, et al.Assessing the quality of reports of randomized clinical trials: is blinding necessary?. Controlled clinical trials 1996;17(1): 1-12. [MEDLINE: 128].
  • 40
    • 44949127383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Jorgensen 1992 Jorgensen LN, Didriksen LH, Drejer K. Cardinogen effect of the human insulin analogue B10 Asp in female rats. Diabetologia 1992;35:A3 (Abstract).
    • Jorgensen 1992 Jorgensen LN, Didriksen LH, Drejer K. Cardinogen effect of the human insulin analogue B10 Asp in female rats. Diabetologia 1992;35:A3 (Abstract).
  • 41
    • 0022002617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • King 1985 King GL, Goodman AD, Buzney S, Moses A, Kahn CR. Receptors and growth-promoting effects of insulin and insulinlike growth factors on cells from bovine retinal capillaries and aorta. The Journal of clinical investigation 1985;75(3):1028-36. [MEDLINE: 17].
    • King 1985 King GL, Goodman AD, Buzney S, Moses A, Kahn CR. Receptors and growth-promoting effects of insulin and insulinlike growth factors on cells from bovine retinal capillaries and aorta. The Journal of clinical investigation 1985;75(3):1028-36. [MEDLINE: 17].
  • 42
    • 0028944962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Klein 1995 Klein R. Hyperglycemia and microvascular and macrovascular disease in diabetes. Diabetes Care 1995;18(2):258- 68.
    • Klein 1995 Klein R. Hyperglycemia and microvascular and macrovascular disease in diabetes. Diabetes Care 1995;18(2):258- 68.
  • 43
    • 0032585188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kunz 1998 Kunz R, Oxman AD. The unpredictability paradox: review of empirical comparisons of randomised and non-randomised clinical trials. BMJ 1998;317(7167):1185-90. [MEDLINE: 123].
    • Kunz 1998 Kunz R, Oxman AD. The unpredictability paradox: review of empirical comparisons of randomised and non-randomised clinical trials. BMJ 1998;317(7167):1185-90. [MEDLINE: 123].
  • 44
    • 0342657181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kurtzhals 2000 Kurtzhals P, Schaffer L, Sorensen A, Kristensen C, Jonassen I, Schmid C, et al.Correlations of receptor binding and metabolic and mitogenic potencies of insulin analogs designed for clinical use. Diabetes 2000;49(6):999-1005. [MEDLINE: 21].
    • Kurtzhals 2000 Kurtzhals P, Schaffer L, Sorensen A, Kristensen C, Jonassen I, Schmid C, et al.Correlations of receptor binding and metabolic and mitogenic potencies of insulin analogs designed for clinical use. Diabetes 2000;49(6):999-1005. [MEDLINE: 21].
  • 45
    • 0033661254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lepore 2000 Lepore M, Pampanelli S, Fanelli C, Porcellati F, Bartocci L, Di VA, et al.Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of subcutaneous injection of long-acting human insulin analog glargine, NPH insulin, and ultralente human insulin and continuous subcutaneous infusion of insulin lispro. Diabetes 2000;49(12):2142-8. [MEDLINE: 3].
    • Lepore 2000 Lepore M, Pampanelli S, Fanelli C, Porcellati F, Bartocci L, Di VA, et al.Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of subcutaneous injection of long-acting human insulin analog glargine, NPH insulin, and ultralente human insulin and continuous subcutaneous infusion of insulin lispro. Diabetes 2000;49(12):2142-8. [MEDLINE: 3].
  • 46
    • 0031794057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mühlhauser 1998 Muehlhauser I, Overmann H, Bender R, Bott U, Berger M. Risk factors of severe hypoglycaemia in adult patients with Type 1 diabetes - a prospective population based study. Diabetologia 1998;41:1274-82.
    • Mühlhauser 1998 Muehlhauser I, Overmann H, Bender R, Bott U, Berger M. Risk factors of severe hypoglycaemia in adult patients with Type 1 diabetes - a prospective population based study. Diabetologia 1998;41:1274-82.
  • 48
    • 0029147687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ohkubo 1995 Ohkubo Y, Kishikawa H, Araki E, Miyata T, Isami S, Motoyoshi S, et al.Intensive insulin therapy prevents the progression of diabetic microvascular complications in Japanese patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: a randomized prospective 6-year study. Diabetes research and clinical practice 1995;28(2):103-17. [MEDLINE: 8].
    • Ohkubo 1995 Ohkubo Y, Kishikawa H, Araki E, Miyata T, Isami S, Motoyoshi S, et al.Intensive insulin therapy prevents the progression of diabetic microvascular complications in Japanese patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: a randomized prospective 6-year study. Diabetes research and clinical practice 1995;28(2):103-17. [MEDLINE: 8].
  • 49
    • 15944382350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rosenstock 2005 Rosenstock J, Dailey G,Massi-Benedetti M, Fritsche A, Lin Z, Salzman A. Reduced hypoglycemia risk with insulin glargine: a meta-analysis comparing insulin glargine with human NPH insulin in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2005;28(4):950-5. [MEDLINE: 71].
    • Rosenstock 2005 Rosenstock J, Dailey G,Massi-Benedetti M, Fritsche A, Lin Z, Salzman A. Reduced hypoglycemia risk with insulin glargine: a meta-analysis comparing insulin glargine with human NPH insulin in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2005;28(4):950-5. [MEDLINE: 71].
  • 50
    • 85047692188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Schulz 1995 Schulz KF, Chalmers I, Hayes RJ, Altman DG. Empirical evidence of bias. Dimensions of methodological quality associated with estimates of treatment effects in controlled trials. JAMA 1995;273(5):408- 12. [MEDLINE: 122].
    • Schulz 1995 Schulz KF, Chalmers I, Hayes RJ, Altman DG. Empirical evidence of bias. Dimensions of methodological quality associated with estimates of treatment effects in controlled trials. JAMA 1995;273(5):408- 12. [MEDLINE: 122].
  • 51
    • 0034641568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stratton 2000 Stratton IM, Adler AI, Neil HA, Matthews DR, Manley SE, Cull CA, et al.Association of glycaemia with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 35): prospective observational study. BMJ 2000;321(7258):405-12. [MEDLINE: 4].
    • Stratton 2000 Stratton IM, Adler AI, Neil HA, Matthews DR, Manley SE, Cull CA, et al.Association of glycaemia with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 35): prospective observational study. BMJ 2000;321(7258):405-12. [MEDLINE: 4].
  • 52
    • 0032515775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Turner 1998 Turner RC, Millns H, Neil HA, Stratton IM, Manley SE, Matthews DR, et al.Risk factors for coronary artery disease in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus: United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS: 23)[. BMJ 1998;316(7134):823-8.
    • Turner 1998 Turner RC, Millns H, Neil HA, Stratton IM, Manley SE, Matthews DR, et al.Risk factors for coronary artery disease in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus: United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS: 23)[. BMJ 1998;316(7134):823-8.
  • 53
    • 0032511566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of intensive blood-glucose control withmetformin on complications in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 34)
    • MEDLINE: 6, UKPDS 34 1998 UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group
    • UKPDS 34 1998 UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. Effect of intensive blood-glucose control withmetformin on complications in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 34). The Lancet 1998; 352(9131):854-65. [MEDLINE: 6].
    • (1998) The Lancet , vol.352 , Issue.9131 , pp. 854-865


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.