메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 32, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 107-133

Representation and backlash: The positive and negative influence of descriptive representation

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 34547826692     PISSN: 03629805     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3162/036298007X202001     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (55)

References (76)
  • 1
    • 0030353971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • When Waves Collide: Cycles of Protest and the Swiss and American Women's Movements
    • Banaszac, Lee Ann. 1996. "When Waves Collide: Cycles of Protest and the Swiss and American Women's Movements." Political Research Quarterly 49: 837-61.
    • (1996) Political Research Quarterly , vol.49 , pp. 837-861
    • Banaszac, L.A.1
  • 2
    • 84937293659 scopus 로고
    • The Policy Priorities of African American Women in State Legislatures
    • Barrett, Edith J. 1995. "The Policy Priorities of African American Women in State Legislatures." Legislative Studies Quarterly 20: 223-47.
    • (1995) Legislative Studies Quarterly , vol.20 , pp. 223-247
    • Barrett, E.J.1
  • 3
    • 0031521463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender and Race in the State House: The Legislative Experience
    • Barrett, Edith J. 1997. "Gender and Race in the State House: The Legislative Experience." Social Science Journal 34: 131-44.
    • (1997) Social Science Journal , vol.34 , pp. 131-144
    • Barrett1    Edith, J.2
  • 4
    • 0027362387 scopus 로고
    • Do Women Legislators Matter? Female Legislators and State Abortion Policy
    • Berkman, Michael B., and Robert E. O'Connor. 1993. "Do Women Legislators Matter? Female Legislators and State Abortion Policy." American Politics Quarterly 21: 102-24.
    • (1993) American Politics Quarterly , vol.21 , pp. 102-124
    • Berkman, M.B.1    O'Connor, R.E.2
  • 8
    • 0036116528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Effect of Legislative Diversity on Agenda Setting: Evidence from Six State Legislatures
    • Bratton, Kathleen A. 2002. "The Effect of Legislative Diversity on Agenda Setting: Evidence from Six State Legislatures." American Politics Review 30: 115-42.
    • (2002) American Politics Review , vol.30 , pp. 115-142
    • Bratton, K.A.1
  • 9
    • 0033246016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Agenda-Setting and Legislative Success in State Legislatures: The Effects of Gender and Race
    • Bratton, Kathleen, and Kerry L. Haynie. 1999. "Agenda-Setting and Legislative Success in State Legislatures: The Effects of Gender and Race." Journal of Poltiics 61: 658-79.
    • (1999) Journal of Poltiics , vol.61 , pp. 658-679
    • Bratton, K.1    Haynie, K.L.2
  • 12
    • 33644926816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Women in State Legislative Research: Beyond Sameness and Difference
    • Cammisa, Anne Marie, and Beth Reingold. 2004. "Women in State Legislative Research: Beyond Sameness and Difference." State Politics and Policy Quarterly 4: 181-210.
    • (2004) State Politics and Policy Quarterly , vol.4 , pp. 181-210
    • Cammisa, A.M.1    Reingold, B.2
  • 13
    • 84974250855 scopus 로고
    • Black Politics in the South: A Descriptive Analysis
    • Campbell, David, and Joe R. Feagin. 1977. "Black Politics in the South: A Descriptive Analysis." Journal of Politics 37: 129-59.
    • (1977) Journal of Politics , vol.37 , pp. 129-159
    • Campbell, D.1    Feagin, J.R.2
  • 15
    • 85036965237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Various years
    • Council of State Governments, Lexington, KY: The Council of State Governments
    • Council of State Governments. Various years. The Book of the States. Lexington, KY: The Council of State Governments.
    • The Book of the States
  • 18
    • 84974185394 scopus 로고
    • Black Employment in Municipal Jobs: The Impact of Black Political Power
    • Eisinger, Peter K. 1982. "Black Employment in Municipal Jobs: The Impact of Black Political Power." American Political Science Review 76: 380-92.
    • (1982) American Political Science Review , vol.76 , pp. 380-392
    • Eisinger, P.K.1
  • 19
    • 84876717475 scopus 로고
    • The Puzzle of Representation: Specifying Components of Responsiveness
    • Eulau, Heinz, and Paul D. Karps. 1977. "The Puzzle of Representation: Specifying Components of Responsiveness." Legislative Studies Quarterly 2: 233-54.
    • (1977) Legislative Studies Quarterly , vol.2 , pp. 233-254
    • Eulau, H.1    Karps, P.D.2
  • 21
    • 85081490221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fox, Richard Logan. 1997. Gender Dynamics in Congressional Elections. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
    • Fox, Richard Logan. 1997. Gender Dynamics in Congressional Elections. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • 22
    • 84970382185 scopus 로고
    • The Relationship between Coercion and Protest: An Empirical Evaluation in Three Coercive States
    • Francisco, Ronald A. 1995. "The Relationship between Coercion and Protest: An Empirical Evaluation in Three Coercive States." Journal of Conflict Resolution 39: 263-82.
    • (1995) Journal of Conflict Resolution , vol.39 , pp. 263-282
    • Francisco, R.A.1
  • 23
    • 0030495965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coercion and Protest: An Empirical Test in Two Democratic States
    • Francisco, Ronald A. 1996. "Coercion and Protest: An Empirical Test in Two Democratic States." American Journal of Political Science 40: 1179-1204.
    • (1996) American Journal of Political Science , vol.40 , pp. 1179-1204
    • Francisco, R.A.1
  • 24
    • 85081491606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Vote of Confidence: Openly Gay Candidates Nearly Double Compared to Number on 1998 Ballots
    • 27 October
    • Freiberg, Peter. 2000. "A Vote of Confidence: Openly Gay Candidates Nearly Double Compared to Number on 1998 Ballots," Washington Blade, 27 October.
    • (2000) Washington Blade
    • Freiberg, P.1
  • 27
    • 0031287616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Affirmative Action: Race, Class, Gender, and
    • Guerrero, M. A. James. 1997. "Affirmative Action: Race, Class, Gender, and NOW." American Behavioral Scientist 41: 246-56.
    • (1997) American Behavioral Scientist , vol.41 , pp. 246-256
    • Guerrero, M.A.J.1
  • 28
    • 0027619461 scopus 로고
    • The Economic Impact of State Restrictions on Abortion: Parental Consent and Notification Laws and Medicaid Funding Restrictions
    • Haas-Wilson, Deborah. 1993. "The Economic Impact of State Restrictions on Abortion: Parental Consent and Notification Laws and Medicaid Funding Restrictions." Journal of Policy Analysis & Management 12: 498-512.
    • (1993) Journal of Policy Analysis & Management , vol.12 , pp. 498-512
    • Haas-Wilson, D.1
  • 29
    • 79957926781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interest Group Survival: Shared Interests versus Competition for Resources
    • Haider-Markel, Donald P. 1997. "Interest Group Survival: Shared Interests versus Competition for Resources." Journal of Politics 59: 903-12.
    • (1997) Journal of Politics , vol.59 , pp. 903-912
    • Haider-Markel, D.P.1
  • 30
    • 22644448751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Redistributing Values in Congress: Interest Group Influence under Sub-Optimal Conditions
    • Haider-Markel, Donald P. 1999. "Redistributing Values in Congress: Interest Group Influence under Sub-Optimal Conditions." Political Research Quarterly 52: 113-44.
    • (1999) Political Research Quarterly , vol.52 , pp. 113-144
    • Haider-Markel, D.P.1
  • 31
    • 0009923483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Policy Diffusion as a Geographical Expansion of the Scope of Political Conflict: Same-Sex Marriage Bans in the 1990s
    • Haider-Markel, Donald P. 2001. "Policy Diffusion as a Geographical Expansion of the Scope of Political Conflict: Same-Sex Marriage Bans in the 1990s." State Politics and Policy Quarterly 1: 5-26.
    • (2001) State Politics and Policy Quarterly , vol.1 , pp. 5-26
    • Haider-Markel, D.P.1
  • 32
    • 85081487854 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Politics of Gay Rights: Expanding the Scope of the Conflict
    • Haider-Markel, Donald P., and Kenneth J. Meier. 1996. "The Politics of Gay Rights: Expanding the Scope of the Conflict." Journal of Politics 58: 352-69.
    • (1996) Journal of Politics , vol.58 , pp. 352-369
    • Haider-Markel, D.P.1    Meier, K.J.2
  • 33
    • 85009145599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minority Group Interests and Political Representation: Gay Elected Officials in the Policy Process
    • Haider-Markel, Donald P., Mark R. Joslyn, and Chad J. Kniss. 2000. "Minority Group Interests and Political Representation: Gay Elected Officials in the Policy Process." Journal of Politics 62: 568-77.
    • (2000) Journal of Politics , vol.62 , pp. 568-577
    • Haider-Markel, D.P.1    Joslyn, M.R.2    Kniss, C.J.3
  • 34
    • 0348223339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Congressional Enactments of Race-Gender: Toward a Theory of Raced-Gendered Institutions
    • Hawkesworth, Mary. 2003. "Congressional Enactments of Race-Gender: Toward a Theory of Raced-Gendered Institutions." American Political Science Review 97: 529-50.
    • (2003) American Political Science Review , vol.97 , pp. 529-550
    • Hawkesworth, M.1
  • 35
    • 0030306434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accounting for the Quality of Black Legislative Life: The View from the States
    • Hedge, David, James Button, and Mary Spear. 1996. "Accounting for the Quality of Black Legislative Life: The View from the States." American Journal of Political Science 40: 82-98.
    • (1996) American Journal of Political Science , vol.40 , pp. 82-98
    • Hedge, D.1    Button, J.2    Spear, M.3
  • 37
    • 84925904947 scopus 로고
    • Some Effects of Proportions on Group Life: Skewed Sex Ratios and Responses to Token Women
    • Kanter, Rosabeth. 1977. "Some Effects of Proportions on Group Life: Skewed Sex Ratios and Responses to Token Women." American Journal of Sociology 82: 965-90.
    • (1977) American Journal of Sociology , vol.82 , pp. 965-990
    • Kanter, R.1
  • 41
    • 84962994467 scopus 로고
    • How Brown Changed Race Relations: The Backlash Thesis
    • Klarman, Michael J. 1994. "How Brown Changed Race Relations: The Backlash Thesis." Journal of American History 81: 81-119.
    • (1994) Journal of American History , vol.81 , pp. 81-119
    • Klarman, M.J.1
  • 42
    • 84993730745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Moderating Backlash: Racial Mobilization, Partisan Coalitions, and Public Policy in the American States
    • Krueger, Brian S., and Paul D. Mueller. 2001. "Moderating Backlash: Racial Mobilization, Partisan Coalitions, and Public Policy in the American States." State Politics and Policy Quarterly 1: 165-79.
    • (2001) State Politics and Policy Quarterly , vol.1 , pp. 165-179
    • Krueger, B.S.1    Mueller, P.D.2
  • 43
    • 0040285868 scopus 로고
    • Representative-Constituency Linkages: A Review Article
    • Kuklinski, James H. 1979. "Representative-Constituency Linkages: A Review Article." Legislative Studies Quarterly 4: 121-40.
    • (1979) Legislative Studies Quarterly , vol.4 , pp. 121-140
    • Kuklinski, J.H.1
  • 44
    • 0031505123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cultural Conflict in American Politics: Religious Traditionalism, Postmaterialism, and U.S. Political Behavior
    • Layman, Geoffrey C., and Edward G. Carmines. 1997. "Cultural Conflict in American Politics: Religious Traditionalism, Postmaterialism, and U.S. Political Behavior." Journal of Politics 59: 751-77.
    • (1997) Journal of Politics , vol.59 , pp. 751-777
    • Layman, G.C.1    Carmines, E.G.2
  • 46
    • 85081481833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lewis, Gregory B., and Jonathan L. Edelson. 2000. DOMA and ENDA: Congress Votes on Gay Rights. In The Politics of Gay Rights, ed. Kenneth D. Wald, Craig A. Rimmerman, and Clyde Wilcox. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
    • Lewis, Gregory B., and Jonathan L. Edelson. 2000. "DOMA and ENDA: Congress Votes on Gay Rights." In The Politics of Gay Rights, ed. Kenneth D. Wald, Craig A. Rimmerman, and Clyde Wilcox. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
  • 48
    • 0034417338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Racial Redistricting and Realignment in Southern State Legislatures
    • Lublin, David, and D. Stephen Voss. 2000. "Racial Redistricting and Realignment in Southern State Legislatures." American Journal of Political Science 44: 792-813.
    • (2000) American Journal of Political Science , vol.44 , pp. 792-813
    • Lublin, D.1    Stephen Voss, D.2
  • 49
    • 0000818173 scopus 로고
    • Institutional Variables Affecting Female Representation in National Legislatures: The Case of Norway
    • Matland, Richard E. 1993. "Institutional Variables Affecting Female Representation in National Legislatures: The Case of Norway." Journal of Politics 55: 737-55.
    • (1993) Journal of Politics , vol.55 , pp. 737-755
    • Matland, R.E.1
  • 50
    • 84971736983 scopus 로고
    • Blacks and Hispanics in Urban Politics
    • Mladenka, Kenneth R. 1989. "Blacks and Hispanics in Urban Politics." American Political Science Review 83: 165-91.
    • (1989) American Political Science Review , vol.83 , pp. 165-191
    • Mladenka, K.R.1
  • 51
    • 84937298910 scopus 로고
    • Legislating Morality in the American States: The Case of Pre-Roe Abortion Regulation Reform
    • Mooney, Christopher Z., and Mei-Hsien Lee. 1995. "Legislating Morality in the American States: The Case of Pre-Roe Abortion Regulation Reform." American Journal of Political Science 39: 599-627.
    • (1995) American Journal of Political Science , vol.39 , pp. 599-627
    • Mooney, C.Z.1    Lee, M.-H.2
  • 52
    • 0033495435 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Public Opinion and Policymaking in the States: The Case of Post-Roe Abortion Policy
    • Norrander, Barbara, and Clyde Wilcox. 1999. "Public Opinion and Policymaking in the States: The Case of Post-Roe Abortion Policy." Policy Studies Journal 27: 707-22.
    • (1999) Policy Studies Journal , vol.27 , pp. 707-722
    • Norrander, B.1    Wilcox, C.2
  • 54
    • 84894981874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Black and Latino Representation, Institutional Position and Influence
    • Presented at the, Milwaukee, WI
    • Preuhs, Robert. 2002. "Black and Latino Representation, Institutional Position and Influence." Presented at the annual State Politics and Policy Conference, Milwaukee, WI.
    • (2002) annual State Politics and Policy Conference
    • Preuhs, R.1
  • 56
    • 0033227796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Feminized Management and Backlash toward Agentic Women: The Hidden Costs to Women of a Kinder, Gentler Image of Middle Managers
    • Rudman, Laurie A., and Peter Glick. 1999. "Feminized Management and Backlash toward Agentic Women: The Hidden Costs to Women of a Kinder, Gentler Image of Middle Managers." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 77: 1004-11.
    • (1999) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.77 , pp. 1004-1011
    • Rudman, L.A.1    Glick, P.2
  • 57
    • 41449093276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • It's Aboud Time: Tucson Lesbian Paula Aboud Appointed to Fill Senate Seat
    • 30 January, pp
    • Rybka, Ted. 2006. "It's Aboud Time: Tucson Lesbian Paula Aboud Appointed to Fill Senate Seat." Echo Magazine, 30 January, pp. 1, 3.
    • (2006) Echo Magazine
    • Rybka, T.1
  • 58
    • 84974288982 scopus 로고
    • Black Mayors and Police Policies
    • Saltzstein, Grace Hall. 1989. "Black Mayors and Police Policies." Journal of Politics 51: 525-44.
    • (1989) Journal of Politics , vol.51 , pp. 525-544
    • Saltzstein, G.H.1
  • 59
    • 84937283657 scopus 로고
    • Senators as Political Entrepreneurs: Using Bill Sponsorship to Shape Legislative Agendas
    • Schiller, Wendy J. 1995. "Senators as Political Entrepreneurs: Using Bill Sponsorship to Shape Legislative Agendas." American Journal of Political Science 39: 186-203.
    • (1995) American Journal of Political Science , vol.39 , pp. 186-203
    • Schiller, W.J.1
  • 60
    • 0031493567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Comparative Anatomy of Urban Social Conflict
    • Sharp, Elaine B. 1997. "A Comparative Anatomy of Urban Social Conflict." Political Research Quarterly 50: 261-80.
    • (1997) Political Research Quarterly , vol.50 , pp. 261-280
    • Sharp, E.B.1
  • 61
    • 0030243480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Political Power of Lesbians, Gays, and Bisexuals
    • Sherrill, Kenneth S. 1996. "The Political Power of Lesbians, Gays, and Bisexuals." PS: Political Science and Politics 29: 469-73.
    • (1996) PS: Political Science and Politics , vol.29 , pp. 469-473
    • Sherrill, K.S.1
  • 62
    • 85081478132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smith, RaymondA., and Donald P. Haider-Markel. 2002. Gay and Lesbian Americans and Political Participation. Denver, CO: ABC-CLIO.
    • Smith, RaymondA., and Donald P. Haider-Markel. 2002. Gay and Lesbian Americans and Political Participation. Denver, CO: ABC-CLIO.
  • 63
    • 0036004767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does a Critical Mass Exist? A Comparative Analysis of Women's Legislative Representation since 1950
    • Studlar, Donley T., and Ian McAllister. 2002. "Does a Critical Mass Exist? A Comparative Analysis of Women's Legislative Representation since 1950." European Journal of Political Research 41: 233-53.
    • (2002) European Journal of Political Research , vol.41 , pp. 233-253
    • Studlar, D.T.1    McAllister, I.2
  • 65
    • 84934453558 scopus 로고
    • The Impact of Women on State Legislative Policies
    • Thomas, Sue. 1991. "The Impact of Women on State Legislative Policies." Journal of Politics 53: 958-76.
    • (1991) Journal of Politics , vol.53 , pp. 958-976
    • Thomas, S.1
  • 66
    • 0003622219 scopus 로고
    • New York: Oxford University Press
    • Thomas, Sue. 1994. How Women Legislate. New York: Oxford University Press.
    • (1994) How Women Legislate
    • Thomas, S.1
  • 68
    • 85081486206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Personal Battle
    • 17 April, p
    • VanDerVeen, Kari. 2006. "A Personal Battle." Downtown Journal, 17 April, p. 1.
    • (2006) Downtown Journal , pp. 1
    • VanDerVeen, K.1
  • 69
    • 0035579594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Black Incumbents, White Districts
    • Voss, D. Stephen, and David Lublin. 2001. "Black Incumbents, White Districts." American Politics Research 29: 141-62.
    • (2001) American Politics Research , vol.29 , pp. 141-162
    • Voss, D.S.1    Lublin, D.2
  • 70
    • 0037976191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Following a False Trail: The Hunt for White Backlash in Kentucky's 1996 Desegregation Vote
    • Voss, D. Stephen, and Penny Miller. 2001. "Following a False Trail: The Hunt for White Backlash in Kentucky's 1996 Desegregation Vote." State Politics and Policy Quarterly 1: 62-80.
    • (2001) State Politics and Policy Quarterly , vol.1 , pp. 62-80
    • Voss, D.S.1    Miller, P.2
  • 71
    • 84974231605 scopus 로고
    • Policy Demands and System Support: The Role of the Represented
    • Wahlke, John C. 1971. "Policy Demands and System Support: The Role of the Represented." British Journal of Political Science 1: 271-90.
    • (1971) British Journal of Political Science , vol.1 , pp. 271-290
    • Wahlke, J.C.1
  • 72
    • 0030511022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Politics of Gay Rights in American Communities: Explaining Antidiscrimination Ordinances and Policies
    • Wald, Kenneth D., James W. Button, and Barbara A. Rienzo. 1996. "The Politics of Gay Rights in American Communities: Explaining Antidiscrimination Ordinances and Policies." American Journal of Political Science 40: 1152-78.
    • (1996) American Journal of Political Science , vol.40 , pp. 1152-1178
    • Wald, K.D.1    Button, J.W.2    Rienzo, B.A.3
  • 73
    • 0036852395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beyond Bodies: Institutional Sources of Representation for Women in Democratic Policymaking
    • Weldon, S. Laurel. 2002. "Beyond Bodies: Institutional Sources of Representation for Women in Democratic Policymaking." Journal of Politics 64: 1153-74.
    • (2002) Journal of Politics , vol.64 , pp. 1153-1174
    • Weldon, S.L.1
  • 74
    • 5844361365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Witt, Stephanie L, and Suzanne McCorkle, eds, Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers
    • Witt, Stephanie L., and Suzanne McCorkle, eds. 1997. Anti-Gay Rights: Assessing Voter Initiatives. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers.
    • (1997) Anti-Gay Rights: Assessing Voter Initiatives
  • 76
    • 84973728298 scopus 로고
    • Rethinking Tokenism: Looking beyond Numbers
    • Yoder, Janice D. 1991. "Rethinking Tokenism: Looking beyond Numbers." Gender and Society 5: 178-93.
    • (1991) Gender and Society , vol.5 , pp. 178-193
    • Yoder, J.D.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.